本研究旨在藉由探討中、美、英、法、日各國家在提昇在職國小教師專業水準上之做法，以供我國在此方面進行改革與努力之參考。依本研究結果發現主要國家在提高在職國小教師專業水準上之做法，可歸納為”訂定相關的法令或提出報告書”、”辦理教師在職進修”、”建立分級專業證照制度”、”提高薪資福利”、及”成立專業組織或訂定專業倫理”等五方面。對於我國未來在此方面之改革措施，就本文之探討結果，所提出之建議有:一、以合時宜的法令為推動政策之根;二、鼓勵教育專業團體或學術單位提出改革報告書;三、通盤檢討國小教師在職進修制度;四、注重教師專業能力之評定，並建立完善之教師證照制度;五、以改善小學教師之工作條件為要務。

The methodologies for the promoting of the professional level of elementary teachers in Taiwan, United States of American, British, France, and Japan are studied. The comparison of the methodologies among countries is also discussed in order to suggest improvements of the present educational policy in Taiwan. The present study indicated that the methodologies for promoting professional level are summarized: making acts and reports, holding in-service training, establishing teacher license, increasing teacher salaries, and organizing association of teachers. Five suggestions are also proposed for improving the present edrcation: performing educational policy based on proper acts, encouraging the proposing of the innovative reports by association of teachers or institute of education, examining the present in-service training of teachers, establishing the system of teacher licence, and improving the working condition of teaching.