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D.(1908)。The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation。Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology,18(5),459-482。 | 12. | Clifford, Margaret M.(1986)。The comparative effects of strategy and effort attribution。British Journal of Educational Psychology,56,75-83。 | 13. | Samson, G. E.(1985)。Effects of training in test-taking skills on achievement test performance: A quantitative synthesis。Journal of Educational Research,78,261-266。 | 14. | Weinstein, C. E.(1982)。Training students to use elaboration learning strategies。Contemporary Educational Psychology,7,301-311。 | 15. | Armbruster, B. B.(1986)。Schema theory and design of instructional test。Educational Psychologist,51,11。 | 16. | Covington, M. V.、Omelich, C. L.(1979)。Are causal attributions causal? A path analysis of the cognitive model of achievement motivation。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,37,1487-1504。 | 17. | Winograd, P.、Johnston, P.(1982)。Comprehension monitoring and the error detection paradigm。Journal of Reading Behavior,14,61-74。 | 18. | Weiner, Bernard(1979)。A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences。Journal of Educational Psychology,71(1),3-25。 | 19. | Simpson, M. L.(1984)。The status of study strategy instruction: Implications for classroom teachers。Journal of Reading,28,136-142。 | 20. | Flavell, J. H.(1979)。Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive developmental inquiry。American Psychologist,34,906-911。 | 21. | Brooks, L. W.、Dansereau, D. F.(1983)。Effects of structural schema training and text organization on expository prose processing。Journal of Educational Psychology,75(6),811-820。 | 22. | 陳李綢(1988)。學習策略的研究與教學。資優教育季刊,29,15-24。 延伸查詢 | 23. | Torgesen, J. K.(1977)。The role of nonspecific factors in the task performance of learning-disabled children: A theoretical assessment。Journal of Learning Disabilities,10,27-34。 | 24. | Andre, M. D. A.、Anderson, T. H.(1979)。The development and evaluation of a self-questioning study techniques。Reading Research Quarterly,14,604-623。 | 25. | Armbruster, B. B.、Anderson, R. C.(1981)。Research synthesis on study skills。Educational Leadership,39,154-156。 | 26. | August, D. L.、Flavell, J. H.、Clift, R.(1984)。Comparison of comprehension monitoring of skilled and less readers。Reading Research Quarterly,20,39-53。 | 27. | Charrow, R. P.、Charrow, V. R.(1979)。Making legal language understandable: A psycholinguistic study of jury instruction。Columbia Law Review,79,1304-1374。 | 28. | Eylon, B. S.、Reif, F.(1984)。Effects of knowledge organization on task performance。Cognition and Instruction,1,5-44。 | 29. | Hare, V. C.、Borchardt, K. M.(1985)。Good and poor comprehenders' detection of errors revisited。Journal of Educational Research,78,237-241。 | 30. | Holley, C. D.、Dansereau, D. F.、McDonald, B. A.、Carland, J. C.、Collins, K. W.(1979)。Evaluation of a hierarchical mapping techniques as an aid to prose processing。Contemporary Educational Psychology,4,227-237。 | 31. | Jones, B. F.(1986)。Quality and equality through cognitive instruction。Journal of Educational Leadership,44,5-11。 | 32. | Keogh, B. K.、Margolis, J.(1976)。Learn to labor and wait: Attentional problems with children with learning disorders。Journal of Learning Disabilities,9,276-286。 | 33. | Loper, A. B.、Hallahan, D. P.、Ianna, S. O.(1982)。Metaattention in learning disabled and normal students。Learning Disability Quarterly,5,29-36。 | 34. | O'Leary, S. G.、Dubey, D.(1979)。Application of self-control procedures by children: A review。Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis,12,449-465。 | 35. | Paris, S. G.、Oka, E. R.、Debritto, A. M.(1983)。Beyond decoding: Synthesis of research on reading comprehension。Educational Leadership,41(2),78-83。 | 36. | Porter, A. C.、Brophy, J.(1988)。Synthesis of research on good teaching: In sights from the work of the institute for research on teaching。Educational Leadership,46,74-85。 | 37. | Roberts, J.、Kelly, N.(1985)。The Keyword method: An alternative vocabulary strategy for developmental college readers。Reading World,24,34-39。 | 38. | Rowher, W. D. Jr.(1971)。Prime time for education: Early childhood or adolescence?。Harvard Educational Review,41(3),316-341。 | 39. | Schunk, D. H.、Cox, P. D.(1986)。Strategy training and attributional feedback with learning disable students。Journal of Eductional Psychology,78,201-209。 | 40. | Stein, B. S.、Bransford, J. D.、Franks, J. J.、Owings, R. A.、Vye, N. J.、McGraw, W.(1982)。Differences in the precision of self-generated elaborations。Journal of Experimental Psychology: General,111,399-405。 | 41. | Switzky, H. N.、Haywood, H. C.(1974)。Motivational orientation and the relative efficacy of self-monitored and externally imposed reinforcement system in children。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,30(3),360-366。 | 42. | Thorndyke, P. W.、Stasz, C.(1980)。Individual differences in procedures for knowledges acquisition from maps。Cognitive Psychology,12,137-175。 | 43. | Wang, A. Y.(1983)。Individual differences in learning speed。Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,9,300-311。 | 44. | Wilson, T. D.、Linville, P. W.(1985)。Improving the performance of college freshman with attributional techniques。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,49,287-293。 | 45. | Wong, B. Y. L.(1985)。Self-questioning instructional research: A review。Review of Educational Research,55(2),227-268。 | 46. | 張新仁(1989)。國民中學有效教學問題與研究--從資訊處理談有效的學習策略。師院院刊,28,24-39。 延伸查詢 | 47. | Brown, Ann L.、Campione, Joseph C.、Day, Jeanne D.(1981)。Learning to learn: On training students to learn from texts。Educational Researcher,10(2),14-21。 | 48. | Miller, George A.(1956)。The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information。The Psychological Review,63(2),81-97。 | 49. | 張春興(19880600)。知之歷程與教之歷程: 認知心理學的發展及其在教育上的應用。教育心理學報,21,17-38。 延伸查詢 | 50. | Uguroglu, M. E.、Walberg, H. J.(1979)。Motivation and Achievement: A Quantitative Synthesis。American Educational Research Journal,16,375-389。 | 會議論文1. | Haywood, H. C.(1988)。The role of intrinsic motivation in learning, behavior effectiveness, and cognitive development。The 1988 international symposium on special education。Taipei:Special Education Association of the Republic of China。155-171。 | 2. | 鄭昭明(1988)。認知與教學。七十六學年度兒童發展與輔導學術研討會。台灣區省立師範學院。126-147。 延伸查詢 | 研究報告1. | Armbruster, B. B.(1988)。Why some children have trouble reading content area textbooks。Champaign:University of Illinois, Center for the Study of Reading。 | 2. | Armbruster, B. B.、Echols, C. H.、Brown, A. L.(1983)。The role of metacognition in reading to learn: A developmental perspective。Urbana, IL:University of Illinois, Center for the Study of Reading。 | 3. | Pearson, P. D.(1985)。The comprehension revolution: A twenty-year history of process and practice related to reading comprehension。Champaign:University of Illinois, The Center for the Study of Reading。 | 4. | Tierney, R. J.、Cunningham, J. W.(1980)。Research on teaching reading comprehension。University of Illinois, Center for the Study of Reading。 | 學位論文1. | 陳莉莉(1990)。智優學生與普通學生記憶策略之比較研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。 延伸查詢 | 2. | 胥彥華(1989)。學習策略對國小六年級學生閱讀效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。 延伸查詢 | 3. | Ribich, F. D.(1977)。Memory for a lecture: Effects of an advance organizer and levels of processing on semantic and episodic memory(博士論文)。Southern Illinois University。 | 4. | Armbruster, B. B.(1979)。An investigation of the effectiveness of "mapping" text as a studying strategies for middle school students(博士論文)。University of Illinois,Champaign。 | 5. | Bartlett, B.(1978)。Top-level structure as an organizational strategy for recall of classroom test(博士論文)。Arizona State University。 | 6. | Skrypa, A.(1979)。Effects of mathematical vocabulary training on problem solving ability of third and fourth graders(博士論文)。Rutgers University。 | 圖書1. | Robinson, F. P.(1946)。Effective study。New York:Harper and Brothers。 | 2. | Sternberg, R. 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K.(1988)。Cognition: Theory and applications。Pacific Grove, California:Brooks/Cole。 | 12. | Blankenship, C. S.、Lilly, M. S.(1981)。Mainstreaming students with learning and behavior problems: Techniques for the classroom teacher。New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston。 | 13. | Mayer, Richard E.(1987)。Educational Psychology: A cognitive approach。Boston, Massachusetts:Little, Brown and Company。 | 14. | Maltin, M. W.(1983)。Cognition。New York:CBL College Publishing。 | 15. | McNeil, J. D.(1984)。Reading comprehension: New directions for classroom pratice。Glenview, IL:Scott, Foresman and Company。 | 16. | Novak, J. D.、Gowin, D. B.(1985)。Learning to learn。New York:Harcourt Jovanovich, Inc.。 | 17. | Rippa, S. A.(1980)。Education in a free society。New York:Longman。 | 18. | Tierney, R. J.、LaZansky, J.、Schallert, D.(1982)。Secondary students' use of social studies and biology text。Champaign:University of Illinois。 | 19. | Neisser, U.(1967)。Cognitive psychology。New York:Appleton-Century-Crofts。 | 20. | Gagné, R. M.(1974)。Essentials of learning for instruction。The Dryden Press。 | 21. | Weiner, Bernard(1986)。An attributional theory of motivation and emotion。New York:Springer-Verlag。 | 22. | Glass, A. L.、Holyoak, K. 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A.(1985)。Representation of knowledge。Issues in cognitive modeling。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | 3. | Jones, B. F.、Palincsar, A. S.、Ogle, D. S.、Carr, E. G.(1987)。Learning and thinking。Strategic teaching and learning: Cognitive instruction in the content areas。Alexandria, VA:Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development。 | 4. | Resnick, L. B.(1984)。Cognitive science as educational research: Why we need it now。Improving education: Perspectives on educational research。Pittsburgh:University of Pittsburgh, Learning Research and Development Center。 | 5. | Weinstein, C. E.、Underwood, V. L.(1985)。Learning strategies: The how of learning。Relating instruction to research。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。 | 6. | Zeaman, D.、House, B. J.(1963)。The Role of attention in retardate discrimination learning。Handbook of mental deficiency。New York:McGraw-Hill。 | 7. | Brown, A. L.、Bransford, J. D.、Ferrara, R. A.、Campione, J. C.(1983)。Learning, remembering, and understanding。Carmichael's manual of child psychology。New York:Wiley。 | 8. | Meyer, B. J. F.(1981)。Basic research on prose comprehension: A critical review。Comprehension and the competent reader: Interspaciality Perspectives。N. Y.:Praeger。 | 9. | Krupski, A.(1986)。Attention problems in youngsters with learning handicaps。Psychological and educational perspectives on learning disabilities。New York:Academic Press。 | 10. | Short, E. J.、Weissberg-Benchell, J. A.(1989)。The triple alliance for learning: Cognition, metacognition, and motivation。Cognitive strategy research: From basic research to educational applications。New York:Springer-Verlay。 | 11. | Dansereau, D. F.(1985)。Learning strategies research。Thinking and learning skills: Vol. 1. Relating instruction to research。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erbaum Associates。 | 12. | Belmont, J. M.、Butterfleld, E. C.(1977)。The instructional approach to developmental cognitive research。Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | 13. | Flavell, J. H.、Wellman, H. M.(1977)。Metamemory。Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | 14. | Brown, A. L.(1980)。Metacognitive development and reading。Theoretical Issues in Reading Comprehension: Perspectives from Cognitive Psychology, Linguistics, Artificial Intelligence and Education。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | 15. | Reynolds, R. E.、Wade, S. E.、Trathen, W.、Lapan, R.(1989)。The selective attention strategy and prose learning。Cognitive strategy research: From basic research to educational application。New York:Springer-Verlag。 | 16. | Anderson, T. H.、Armbruster, B. B.(1984)。Studying。Handbook of reading research。New York:Longman。 | 17. | Anderson, T. H.(1980)。Studying strategies and adjunct aids。Theoretical issues in reading comprehension: Prespectives from cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, and education。Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum。 | 18. | Chipman, S. F.、Segal, J. W.(1985)。Higher cognitive goals for education: An introduction。Thinking and learning skills。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | 19. | Collins, A.、Brow, J. S.、Newman, S.(1987)。Cognitive apprenticeship: Teaching students the craft of reading, writing and mathematics。Cognition and instruction: Issues and agendas。Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum。 | 20. | Covington, M. V.(1987)。Achievement motivation, self-attributes and exceptionality。Intelligence and exceptionality: New directions for theory, assessment, and instructional practices。Norwood, NJ:Ablex。 | 21. | Gross, A. M.、Drabman, R. S.(1982)。Teaching self-recording, self-evaluating, and self-reward to nonclinic children and adolescents。Self management and behavior change。New York:Pergamon Press。 | 22. | Hallahan, D. P.、Reeve, R. E.(1980)。Selective attention and distractibility。Advances in special education。Greenwich, CN:JAI Press。 | 23. | Levin, J. R.(1976)。What have we learned about maximizing what children learn?。Cognitive learning in children: Theories and strategies。New York:Academic Press。 | 24. | Posner, M. I.、Keele, S. W.(1972)。Skill learning。Handbook of research on teaching。Chicago, IL:Rand McNally College Publishing Company。 | 25. | Rigney, J. W.(1978)。Learning strategies: A theoretical perspective。Learning strategies。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | 26. | Scott, M. E.(1988)。Learning strategies can help。Teaching Exceptional Children。 | 27. | Weinstein, C. E.、Underwood, V. L.、Wicker, F. W.、Cubberly, W. E.(1979)。Cognitive learning strategies: Verbal and imaginal elaboration。Cognitive and affective learning strategies。New York:Academic Press。 | 28. | Brown, A. L.(1978)。Knowing when, where, and how to remember: A problem of metacognition。Advances in instructional psychology。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。 | |