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題名：學童選手運動表現害怕失敗評估量表發展之研究
書刊名：教育學刊
作者：卓國雄 引用關係／盧俊宏 引用關係
作者(外文)：Cho, Kuo-hsiung／Lu, Frank Jing-horng
出版日期：2008
卷期：30
頁次：頁167-192
主題關鍵詞：學童選手；害怕失敗；結構方程模式；Elementary school athlete；Fear of failure；Structural equation modeling
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:90
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本研究目的在檢驗以質化研究結果為架構所編製的學童選手運動表現害怕失敗評估量表的信效度。研究分二個階段，第一階段以340位10～12歲男女國小運動代表隊員為受試對象進行探索性因素分析；第二階段為驗證性因素分析，受試對象為二批不同10～12歲的男女選手各400位，合計800位。研究結果顯示，學童選手運動表現害怕失敗評估量表為二階單因素的測量模式，一階因素有「害怕辜負重要他人期望」、「害怕遭重要他人離棄」、「害怕顯現低能及缺乏控制力」、「害怕丟臉」、「害怕喪失表現機會」和「害怕遭到責罰」等六個害怕失敗的評估物，二階因素則為害怕失敗。其次，經結構方程模式檢定顯示，二階單因素模式具有理想的建構信效度和良好的模式穩定性與預測效度，適合作為評估臺灣學童選手運動表現之害怕失敗的測量工具。本研究目的在檢驗以質化研究結果為架構所編製的學童選手運動表現害怕失敗評估量表的信效度。研究分二個階段，第一階段以340位10～12歲男女國小運動代表隊員為受試對象進行探索性因素分析；第二階段為驗證性因素分析，受試對象為二批不同10～12歲的男女選手各400位，合計800位。研究結果顯示，學童選手運動表現害怕失敗評估量表為二階單因素的測量模式，一階因素有「害怕辜負重要他人期望」、「害怕遭重要他人離棄」、「害怕顯現低能及缺乏控制力」、「害怕丟臉」、「害怕喪失表現機會」和「害怕遭到責罰」等六個害怕失敗的評估物，二階因素則為害怕失敗。其次，經結構方程模式檢定顯示，二階單因素模式具有理想的建構信效度和良好的模式穩定性與預測效度，適合作為評估臺灣學童選手運動表現之害怕失敗的測量工具。
The purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity of the Children Athletic Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (CAPFAI) based on the results of qualitative study. The first study sampled 340 elementary school athletes who completed CAPFAI. The second study sampled 800 elementary school athletes who were divided into two independent sample sets and administered with CAPFAI. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that CAPFAI was a second-order factor model and had six first-order factorial constructs, which included (a) fear of falling short of important others’ expectations, (b) fear of separating from important others, (c) fear of inability and low control, (d) fear of losing face, (e) fear of losing the opportunity of performance, and (f) fear of experiencing blame and punishment. Then a series of competing models were established and evaluated by the second sample set using confirmatory factor analysis procedure. Results indicated that a second-order factor model was the most efficient one. The internal-component evaluation found that latent variables had good reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. The cross-validity was tested by the third sample set for the model. The model’s stability and predictive power were confirmed. The confirmatory factor analysis by using structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that the CAPFAI had ideal structural validity and reliability. Furthermore, CAPFAI was applicable to assess fear of failure of children athletes in Taiwan.The purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity of the Children Athletic Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (CAPFAI) based on the results of qualitative study. The first study sampled 340 elementary school athletes who completed CAPFAI. The second study sampled 800 elementary school athletes who were divided into two independent sample sets and administered with CAPFAI. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that CAPFAI was a second-order factor model and had six first-order factorial constructs, which included (a) fear of falling short of important others’ expectations, (b) fear of separating from important others, (c) fear of inability and low control, (d) fear of losing face, (e) fear of losing the opportunity of performance, and (f) fear of experiencing blame and punishment. Then a series of competing models were established and evaluated by the second sample set using confirmatory factor analysis procedure. Results indicated that a second-order factor model was the most efficient one. The internal-component evaluation found that latent variables had good reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. The cross-validity was tested by the third sample set for the model. The model’s stability and predictive power were confirmed. The confirmatory factor analysis by using structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that the CAPFAI had ideal structural validity and reliability. Furthermore, CAPFAI was applicable to assess fear of failure of children athletes in Taiwan.
期刊論文
1.Conroy, D. E.(2001)。Progress in the Development of a Multidimensional Measure of Fear of Failure: The Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI)。Anxiety, Stress, and Coping，14，431-452。  new window
2.Conroy, D. E.、Willow, J. P.、Metzler, J. N.(2002)。Multidimensional fear of failure measurement: The performance failure Appraisal inventory。Journal of Applied Sport Psychology，14，76-90。  new window
3.Lazarus, R. S.(1991)。Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion。American Psychologist，46(8)，819-834。  new window
4.Marsh, H. W.、Hau, Kit-Tai、Balla, J. R.、Grayson, D.(1998)。Is More Ever too Much? The Number of Indicators per Factor in Confirmatory Factor Analysis。Multivariate Behavioral Research，33(2)，181-220。  new window
5.Kaiser, Henry F.(1974)。An index of factorial simplicity。Psychometrika，39(1)，31-36。  new window
6.Elliot, A. J.、McGregor, H. A.(2001)。A 2×2 achievement goal framework。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，80(3)，501-519。  new window
7.Rubio, Doris McGartland、Berg-Weger, Maria、Tebb, Susan S.(2001)。Using structural equation modeling to test for multidimensionality。Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal，8(4)，613-626。  new window
8.Fornell, Claes、Larcker, David F.(1981)。Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error。Journal of Marketing Research，18(1)，39-50。  new window
9.Elliot, A. J.、Church, M. A.(1997)。A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，72(1)，218-232。  new window
10.Elliot, A. J.、McGregor, H. A.(1999)。Test Anxiety and the Hierarchical Model of Approach and Avoidance Achievement Motivation。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，76(4)，628-644。  new window
11.黃芳銘、楊金寶、許福生(20051000)。在學青少年生活痛苦指標發展之研究。師大學報．教育類，50(2)，97-119。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.Schmalt, H. D.(1982)。Two Concepts of Fear of Failure Motivation。Advances in Test Anxiety Research，1，45-52。  new window
13.Conroy, D.、Poczwardowski, A.、Henschen, K. P.(2001)。Evaluative Criteria and Consequences Associated with Failure and Success for Elite Athletes and Performing Artists。Journal of Applied Sport Psychology，13，300-322。  new window
14.Smith, S. J.(1991)。Where is the Child in Physical Education Research?。Quest，43，37-54。  new window
15.Schwarz, N.(1999)。Self-reports: How the Questions Shape the Answers。American Psychologist，54，93-105。  new window
16.Elliot, A. J.、Sheldon, K. M.(1997)。Avoidance Achievement Motivation: A Personal Goals Analysis。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，73，171-185。  new window
圖書
1.Lazarus, R. S.(1999)。Stress and emotion: A new synthesis。New York, NY：Springer。  new window
2.Bollen, Kenneth A.(1989)。Structural Equation with Latent Variables。New York, NY：John Wiley & Sons, Inc。  new window
3.Kenny, D. A.(1979)。Correlation and causality。New York：Wiley。  new window
4.黃芳銘(2004)。社會科學統計方法學：結構方程模式。臺北市：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
5.Birney, R. C.、Burdick, H.、Teevan, R. C.(1969)。Fear of failure。Van Nostrand Reinhold。  new window
6.McClelland, D. C.、Atkinson, J. W.、Clark, R. A.、Lowell, E. L.(1953)。The Achievement motive。Appleton-Century-Crofts。  new window
7.Diamantopoulos, Adamantios、Siguaw, Judy A.(2000)。Introducing LISREL: A Guide for the Uninitiated。Sage。  new window
8.Joreskog, K. G.、Sorbom, D.(1993)。LISREL 8: User's Reference Guide。Chicago：Scientific Software。  new window
9.Murray, H. A.(1938)。Exploration in Personality: A Clinical and Experimental Study of Fifty Men of College Age。Exploration in Personality: A Clinical and Experimental Study of Fifty Men of College Age。New York, NY。  new window
10.Atkinson, J. W.(1958)。Motivational Determinants of Risk-taking Behavior。Motives in Fantasy, Action, and Society。Princeton, NJ。  new window
圖書論文
1.Smith, C. A.、Lazarus, R. S.(1990)。Emotion and adaptation。Handbook of personality: theory and research。New York：The Guilford Press。  new window
2.Atkinson, J. W.(1966)。Motivational determinants of risk taking behavior。A theory of achievement motivation。New York：Wiley。  new window
 
 
 
 
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