The characteristic of tales usually reflects citizens' condition. Therefore, this paper attempts to expound the connection between 'The belief of Ten Kings in the underworld' in Song Dynasty and its social forms, folkways, and values with these non-religious scriptures, novel. I shall start with disscussing 'The belief of Ten Kings in the underworld' in Song tales based on Buddhism and Daoism. Then I will explain the development of 'Ten Kings' is related to the belief of 'Three Kings' to 'Ten Kings'. The fact that few regional people still believed in Three Kings' system can provide an explanation about Song people's attempts to describe of Ten Kings. Besides, according to 'One King', it shows that ten kings' stories express the admonition of being virtuous and punish evils, the expiation for departed spirits, and the publicity of religion etc. Furthermore, the respect of justice and filial piety results in these beliefs and values: 'Being filial so being immortal', 'Being righteous then become the lord of death'. In the dynasty of Nan Song (1127-1279), people integrated gradually the 'belief of Ten Kings in the underworle' and 'Burning Joss paper' to accumulate virtue. At last, this paper points out that the situation between the belief of Ten Kings in the underworld and the great mass favor of Dao ritual, Zhaijiao (齋醮), not only complemented each other at that time, but also affects the belief of the underworld later in Chinese society.