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題名：建構一個以基模為本的新聞專業知識支援系統
書刊名：新聞學研究
作者：張寶芳 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chang, Christine P.
出版日期：2005
卷期：84
頁次：頁41-78
主題關鍵詞：超文本；知識基模；新聞專業教育；知識支援系統；Hypertext；Journalism education；Knowledge support system；Schema of knowledge representation
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:107
  • 點閱點閱:21
本研究以專家知識之認知基模為基礎，結合超文本、資料庫與網路科技，試圖建構一個新聞專業知識支援系統。本研究首先根據新聞採寫問題解決歷程的面向，觀察15位新聞系學生在實際製作一份報紙的問題解決歷程中所面臨的知識缺口；其次，我們據此深度訪談10位資深新聞工作者，捕捉其經驗、價值判定、人際互動、情境與策略等知識，並針對訪談內容進行知識分類及建立其關係架構。本研究繼而經由以下設計步驟完成系統的建構：（一）依知識架構將訪談內容分割歸類，以XML語言，標誌資訊內容與組織結構關係；（二）將標誌過的資訊單元及其層次架構關係儲存於資訊庫；以及（三）設計使用者檢索及資訊呈現介面，以連結後端資料庫。學習者在新聞採寫的問題解決歷程中，可透過此系統隨時取得專家知識與相關案例的支援，以促進有效學習。本研究期望為網路時代的新聞編採教育，提供可能的創新教學模式。
Based on a schema representation of expert knowledge, hypertext, and web technologies, this study aims to build a journalistic knowledge support system on the web.The study first observes for three days the entire problem-solving process of fifteen journalism students working on a daily newspaper and analyzes the knowledge needed. Second, we interview ten senior reporters (editors) who have been directly involved in reporting and editing. The interviewees were asked a set of questions referring to their problem-solving processes and experiences, including planning, information collecting, writing, and editing. The study then (1) decomposes the contents and builds the relationships based on the journalistic knowledge structure; (2) designs the system’s internal converting mechanism using XML; and (3) devises a web-based interface. This system serves as an expandable knowledge repository for storing more experts’ experiences and reporting cases in the future. The system also provides timely cognitive support by allowing novices to search and to access knowledge upon their needs and preferences.
期刊論文
1.陳韜文(19990400)。傳播教育的知識結構問題：思考分析與實務技術訓練之間的張力。新聞學研究，59，137-141。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.須文蔚、陳世敏(19960700)。傳播學發展現況。新聞學研究，53，9-37。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Lawless, K.、Brown, S.(1997)。Multimedia learning environments: Issues of learner control and navigation。Instructional Science，25(2)，117-131。  new window
4.吳思華(2001)。知識經濟、知識資本與知識管理。台灣產業研究，4，78-90。  延伸查詢new window
5.臧國仁(20001000)。關於傳播學如何教的一些想法--以「基礎新聞採寫」課為例。新聞學研究，65，19-56。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.潘家慶、羅文輝、臧國仁(19960700)。傳播教育核心課程規劃。新聞學研究，53，85-106。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Nonaka, Ikujiro、Konno, Noboru(1998)。The Concept of 'Ba': Building a Foundation for Knowledge Creation。California Management Review，40(3)，40-54。  new window
8.Bush, Vannevar(1945)。As we may think。Atlantic Monthly，176(1)，101-108。  new window
9.Brown, John Seely、Collins, Allan、Duguid, Paul(1989)。Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning。Educational Researcher，18(1)，32-42。  new window
10.鍾蔚文、臧國仁、陳百齡(19960700)。傳播教育應該教些什麼？--幾個極端的想法。新聞學研究，53，107-130。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.Petre, Marian(1995)。Why Looking Isn't Always Seeing: Readership Skills and Graphical Programming。Communications of the ACM，38(6)，33-44。  new window
12.Ramarapu, Narender K.、Frolick, Mark N.、Wilkes, Ronald B.、Wetherbe, James C.(1997)。The Emergence of Hypertext and Problem Solving: An Experimental Investigation of Accessing and Using Information from Linear versus Nonlinear Systems。Decision Sciences，28(4)，825-849。  new window
13.Blackler, Frank(1995)。Knowledge, Knowledge Work and Organization: An Overview and Interpretation。Organization Studies，16(6)，1021-1046。  new window
14.Hannafin, Michael J.、Park, Innwoo(1993)。Empirically-based Guidelines for the Design of Interactive Multimedia。Educational Technology Research & Development，41(3)，63-85。  new window
15.Fredin, Eric S.(1997)。Rethinking the News Story for the Internet: Hyperstory Prototypes and a Model of the User。Journalism & Mass Communication Monographs，163，1-47。  new window
16.Gillingham, Mark G.(1993)。Effects of Question Complexity and Reader Strategies on Adults' Hypertext Comprehension。Journal of Research on Computing in Education，26(1)，1-16。  new window
17.Gupta, Atul、McDaniel, Jason(2002)。Creating Competitive Advantage by Effectively Managing Knowledge: A Framework for Knowledge Management。Journal of Knowledge Management Practice，3(2)，40-49。  new window
18.Militello, Laura G.、Hutton, Robert J. B.(1998)。Applied Cognitive Task Analysis: A Practitioner's Toolkit for Understanding Cognitive Task Demands。Ergonomics，41(11)，1618-1641。  new window
19.Villeneuve, Alain O.、Fedorowicz, Jane(1997)。Understanding Expertise in Information Systems Design。Decision Support Systems，21(2)，111-131。  new window
會議論文
1.鍾蔚文、臧國仁、陳百齡、陳順孝(1997)。探討記者工作的知識基礎：建立分析架構。中華傳播學會1997年學術研討會。台北：中華傳播學會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Ricardo, Francisco J.(2001)。Hypertext and Knowledge Management。New York, NY。217-226。  new window
3.Marshall, Catherine C.、Halasz, Frank J.、Rogers, Russell A.、Janssen, William C., Jr.(1991)。Aquanet: A Hypertext Tool to Hold Your Knowledge in Place。New York, NY。261-275。  new window
圖書
1.Lanson, Jerry、Fought, Barbara Croll(1999)。News in a New Century: Reporting in an Age of Converging Media。News in a New Century: Reporting in an Age of Converging Media。Thousand Oaks, CA：Pine Forge Press。  new window
2.Blundell, William E.(1988)。The Art and Craft of Feature Writing: Based on the Wall Street Journal Guide。The Art and Craft of Feature Writing: Based on the Wall Street Journal Guide。New York, NY：New American Library。  new window
3.Schank, Roger C.、Abelson, Robert P.(1977)。Scripts, Plans, Goals, and Understanding: An Inquiry into Human Knowledge Structures。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
4.Newell, Allen、Simon, Herbert Alexander(1972)。Human Problem Solving。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
5.陳順孝(2003)。新聞控制與反控制：「記實避禍」的報導策略。臺北市：五南。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.Chi, M. T. H.、Glaser, R.、Farr, M. J.(1988)。The nature of expertise。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
7.Anderson, John R.(1983)。The Architecture of Cognition。Hillsdale, New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
8.Gagne, Ellen D.、Yekovich, Frank R.、Yekovich, Carol Walker(1993)。The Cognitive Psychology of School Learning。New York, NY：Harper Collins College Publishers。  new window
9.Rumbaugh, James R.、Blaha, Michael R.、Premerlani, William、Eddy, Frederick、Lorensen, William(1991)。Object-oriented Modeling and Design。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice-Hall Publising Company。  new window
10.Kellogg, R. T.(1994)。The psychology of writing。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
11.Bolter, Jay David(1991)。Writing space: the computer, hypertext, and the history of writing。Lawrence Erlbaum Association。  new window
12.Van Dijk, Teun Adrianus、曾慶香(2003)。作為話語的新聞。北京：華夏。  延伸查詢new window
13.Rowe, Peter G.(1987)。Design thinking。MIT Press。  new window
14.Jonassen, David H.、Tessmer, Martin、Hannum, Wallace H.(1999)。Task Analysis Methods for Instructional Design。New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
15.Biolsi, Kevin J.、Olson, Judith Reitman(1991)。Techniques for Representing Expert Knowledge。Toward a General Theory of Expertise。Cambridge, UK。  new window
16.(2000)。Cognitive Task Analysis。Cognitive Task Analysis。London, UK/ Mahwah, NJ。  new window
17.陸鏗(2004)。大記者三章：記者的精神與作為。網路與書。  延伸查詢new window
18.Anderson, John R.(1995)。Cognitive Psychology and its Implications。Cognitive Psychology and its Implications。New York, NY。  new window
19.Anderson, John R.(1988)。The Expert Module。Foundations of Intelligent Tutoring Systems。Hillsdale, NJ。  new window
20.Conklin, Jeffrey E.(1993)。Capturing Organizational Memory。Reading in Groupware and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work。San Mateo, CA。  new window
21.Cunningham, Donald J.、Duffy, Thomas M.、Knuth, Randy A.(1993)。The Textbook of the Future。Hypertext: A Psychological Perspective。New York, NY。  new window
22.Engelbart, Douglas C.(1991)。Knowledge-domain Interoperability and an Open Hyperdocument System。Hypertext/ Hypermedia Handbook。New York, NY。  new window
23.Metzler, Ken(1997)。Creative Interviewing: The Writer's Guide to Gathering Information by Asking Questions。Creative Interviewing: The Writer's Guide to Gathering Information by Asking Questions。Boston, MA。  new window
24.Minsky, Marvin(1986)。Society of Minds。Society of Minds。New York, NY。  new window
25.Spoehr, Kathryn T.(1994)。Enhancing the Acquisition of Conceptual Structures Through Hypermedia。Classroom Lessons: Integrating Cognitive Theory and Classroom Practice。Cambridge, MA。  new window
其他
1.殷允芃(1995)。給編輯的話，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Rumelhart, David E.、Norman, Donald A.(1988)。Representation in Memory。Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology: Vol. 2. Learning and cognition。New York：John Wiley & Sons。  new window
2.Rumelhart, D. E.(1980)。Schemata: The Building Block of Cognition。Theoretical issues in reading comprehension。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
3.鍾蔚文、臧國仁(1994)。如何由生手到專家。新聞學與術的對話。台北：國立政治大學新聞研究所。  延伸查詢new window
4.Rumelhart, D. E.、Norman, D. A.(1978)。Accretion, tuning, and restructuring: Three modes of learning。Semantic factors in cogni-tion。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
5.Hayes, J. R.、Flower, L. S.(1980)。Identifying the organization of writing processes。Cognitive processes in writing。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.。  new window
6.Rosch, Eleanor H.(1978)。Principles of categorization。Cognition and Categorization。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
7.Jonassen, David H.(1993)。Effects of Semantically Structured Hypertext Knowledge Bases on Users' Knowledge Structures。Hypertext: A Psychological Perspective。Ellis Horwood。  new window
 
 
 
 
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