北京政府在「五四運動」中的舉措，往往被視為鎮壓學生運動、箝制輿論。對於這個問題，學界尚無單篇論文進行探討，而被視為定論。本篇論文以北京政府的角度切入，研究徐世昌政府當時的態度及舉措，發現北京政府所以對學生探取鎮壓手段，目的在於維護公安，而非藉壓抑社會意見，自行其事；其外交政策亦經過深思熟慮，不可僅僅以賣國視之。本文並指出政治鬥爭對「五四運動」扮演著指導作用，「研究系」以政府外交失敗做鬥爭工具，為運動發生、擴大的推手。本文亦描繪出運動發起者在「六三運動」中如何醜化政府舉措，使北京政府禍國殃民形象深植人心，直至今日。

The action of Peking government in May Fourth Movement is often considered as suppressing student movement and strangulating public opinion. To this question, the academic circles do not have single paper that carry on the discussion yet, but considered the hypothesis before as the final conclusion. This paper stands in the ground of Peking government and studies Xu Shichung government's attitude and action at that time, finds out that the government of Peking adopts the means of suppressing students, the purpose lies in safeguarding public security, but not make use of inhibiting the social suggestion to fulfill its benefit, Its foreign policy also passes careful consideration, can't only survey it by betraying nation. This paper also points out that the political struggle plays crucial role in May Fourth Movement. 'Yan No clique' takes the failure of diplomatic policy of government as means to conflict, is the dynamics of Movement takes place and augments. How the movement promoters to uglify government's action in June Third Movement this paper also depicts. The image of Peking government brings disaster to the country and its people at that time plants into the heart of generations deeply, until today.