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題名：臺灣社會資本的分佈及其民主效果
書刊名：東吳政治學報
作者：林聰吉 引用關係／楊湘齡
作者(外文)：Lin, Tsong-jyi／Yang, Xing-ling
出版日期：2008
卷期：26:2
頁次：頁39-81
主題關鍵詞：社會資本；社會網絡；社會信任；民主政治；Social capitals；Social networks；Social trust；Democracy
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(2) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:7
  • 共同引用共同引用:69
  • 點閱點閱:110
做為社會資本理論的核心概念，社會網絡與社會信任二者是否能對民主政治產生正面的影響？已成為近年學界所爭論的焦點。本文利用「東亞民主動態調查」實證資料，主要研究問題有二：一、社會資本在我國分佈的情形為何？二、社會資本對民主政治會產生何種影響？就第一個問題而言，研究發現，參與正式與非正式網絡的受訪者約各占三成與三成七。其次，網絡類型以社會宗教團體與閒話家常所占比例最高，政治團體以及在商業或金錢來往類型居末。另外，在社會信任部分，證據也顯示，台灣人民對一般大眾持不信任與信任的比例，分別約為六成以及四成。至於第二個問題，有關社會資本對於民主政治的影響則不一。社會網絡數量對內在效能感、政治知識、政治參與具正相關；社會網絡類型則對民主支持度、內在效能感、政治參與呈現統計上的顯著效果。最後，社會信任無論在納入網絡數量或類型的模型中，皆對提昇民主支持度、外在政治效能感有正面助益。
How social capital shapes democracy has become a core issue in recent years. This study attempts to answer two questions: (1) how much social capital does Taiwan have and (2) how does social capital influence Taiwan's democracy? There are several findings. First, merely 30% and 37% of the population participate in formal and informal civil society groups respectively. Second, the rates of social trust and distrust are around 40% and 60% respectively. Third, social capital shows varying effects on independent variables. The number of social networks is positively correlated with internal political efficiency, political knowledge, and political participation. The type of social network on the other hand is related to support for democracy, internal political efficiency, and political participation. Finally, social trust significantly increases people's support for democracy and increases external political efficiency. In conclusion, we find that social capital is beneficial to democracy in Taiwan. This study suggests that variables concerning social capital should be added into national surveys. By doing so, political scientists will have more opportunities to explore issues of social capital and quantitative methods can be more fruitfully applied in this area.
期刊論文
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2.Rapport, Ronald B.(1982)。Sex Difference in Attitude Expression: A Generational Explanation。Public Opinion Quarterly，46，86-96。  new window
3.Shapiro, Robert Y.、Mahajan, Harpreet(1986)。Gender Differences in Policy Preferences: A Summary of Trends from the 1960s to the 1980s。Public Opinion Quarterly，50(1)，42-61。  new window
4.Foley, M. W.、Edwards, B.(1998)。Beyond Tocqueville: Civil-Society and Social Capital in Comparative Perspective - Editors' Introduction。American Behavioral Scientist，42(1)，5-20。  new window
5.Levi, M.(1996)。Social and Unsocial Capital: A Review Essay of Robert Putnam's Making Democracy Work。Politics & Society，24，45-55。  new window
6.Stolle, Dietlind、Rochon, Thomas R.(1998)。Are All Associations Alike? Member Diversity, Associational Type, and the Creation of Social Capital。American Behavioral Scientist，42(1)，47-65。  new window
7.Booth, John A.、Richard, Patricia Bayer(1998)。Civil Society, Political Capital, and Democratization in Central America。The Journal of Politics，60(3)，780-800。  new window
8.Cohen, Joshua、Rogers, Joel(1992)。Secondary Associations and Democratic Governance。Politics and Society，20(4)，393-472。  new window
9.Dowley, Kathleen M.、Silver, Brian D.(2002)。Social Capital, Ethnicity and Support for Democracy in the Post-Communist States。Europe-Asia Studies，54(4)，505-527。  new window
10.Erickson, Bonnie H.、Nosanchuk, T. A.(1990)。How an Apolitical Association Politicizes。Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology，27(2)，206-219。  new window
11.Olsen, Marvin. E.(1972)。Social Participation and Voting Turnout: A Multivariate Analysis。American Sociological Review，37(3)，317-333。  new window
12.Balch, George I.(1974)。Multiple Indicators in Survey Research: The Concept "Sense of Political Efficacy"。Political Methodology，1(2)，1-43。  new window
13.Lin, N.(1982)。Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology。Annual Review of Sociology，24(1)，1-24。  new window
14.Knack, Stephen、Keefer, Philip(1997)。Does Social Capital Have An Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation。The Quarterly Journal of Economics，112(4)，1251-1288。  new window
15.Newton, Kenneth(2001)。Trust, Social Capital, Civil Society, and Democracy。International Political Science Review，22(2)，201-214。  new window
16.Niemi, Richard G.、Craig, Stephen C.、Mattei, Franco(1991)。Measuring Internal Political Efficacy in the 1988 National Election study。American Political Science Review，85(4)，1407-1413。  new window
17.Brehm, J.、Rahn, W. M.(1997)。Individual-level evidence for the causes and consequences of social capital。American Journal of Political Science，41(3)，999-1023。  new window
18.Yamagishi, Toshio、Yamagishi, Midori(1994)。Trust and Commitment in the United States and Japan。Motivation and Emotion，18(2)，129-166。  new window
19.Verba, Sidney、Burns, Nancy、Schlozman, Kay Lehman(1997)。Knowing and Caring about Politics: Gender and Political Engagement。The Journal of Politics，59(4)，1051-1072。  new window
20.林聰吉、王淑華(20070900)。臺灣民眾政治知識的變遷與來源。東吳政治學報，25(3)，93-129。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.Paxton, Pamela(2002)。Social Capital and Democracy: An Interdependent Relationship。American Sociological Review，67(2)，254-277。  new window
22.Putnam, Robert D.(1995)。Bowling Alone: American's Declining Social Capital。Journal of Democracy，6(1)，65-78。  new window
23.Coleman, James S.(1988)。Social capital in the creation of human capital。American Journal of Sociology，94(suppl.)，S95-S120。  new window
24.Semetko, Holli A.、Valkenburg, Patti M.(1998)。The Impact of Attentiveness of Political Efficacy: Evidence from a Three-year German Panel Study。International Journal of Public Opinion Research，10(3)，195-210。  new window
25.Paxton, Pamela(1999)。Social Capital Declining in the United States: A Multiple Indicator Assessment。American Journal of Sociology，105(1)，88-127。  new window
會議論文
1.王中天(2002)。社會資本及其政治效應初探：以臺灣為例。臺灣政治學年會暨「全球化與臺灣政治」學術研討會。嘉義：國立中正大學。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.Ken'ich, Ikeda、Yauso, Yamada、Masaru, Kohno、Ikeda, Ken'ich(2003)。Influence of Social Capital on Political Participation in Asian Cultural Context。Taipei。  new window
2.東亞民主研究計畫(2007)。「東亞民主化與價值變遷：比較調查」研究計畫。0。  延伸查詢new window
3.Krishna, Anirudh、Uphoff, Norman(1999)。Mapping and Measuring Social Capital: A Conceptual and Empirical Study of Collective Action for Conserving and Developing Watersheds in Rajasthan, India。Washington, DC：World Bank。  new window
學位論文
1.陳欽春(2004)。民主治理與社會資本：台灣地區公民信任實證研究(博士論文)。國立臺北大學，台北。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Muller, Edward N.(1979)。Aggressive Political Participation。Princeton, N.J.：Princeton University Press。  new window
2.Tocqueville, A.、Lawrence, George、Mayer, J.P.(1969)。Democracy in America。Garden City, NY：Doubleday & Company。  new window
3.Barber, Bernard(1983)。The Logic and Limits of Trust。New Brunswick, New Jersey：Rutgers University Press。  new window
4.Fukuyama, F.(1995)。Trust: The Social Values and the Creation of Prosperity。New York：Free Press。  new window
5.Putnam, Robert D.(2002)。Democracies in Flux: The Evolution of Social Capital in Contemporary Sociey。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
6.Diamond, Larry Jay(1999)。Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation。The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
7.Milbrath, Lester W.、Goel, Madan L.(1977)。Political participation: How and why people get involved in politics?。Chicago：Rand McNally College Pub. Co.。  new window
8.Rosenstone, Steven J.、Hansen, John Mark(1993)。Mobilization, Participation, and Democracy in America。Longman。  new window
9.Almond, Gabriel A.、Verba, Sidney(1963)。The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations。Princeton, New Jersey：Princeton University Press。  new window
10.Verba, Sidney、Schlozman, Kay Lehman、Brady, Henry E.(1995)。Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics。Harvard University Press。  new window
11.Parry, Geraint、Moyser, George、Day, Neil(1992)。Political Participation and Democracy in Britain。Cambridge University Press。  new window
12.Oberschall, Anthony(1993)。Social Movements: Ideologies, Interests, and Identities。New Brunswick, NJ：Transaction Publishers。  new window
13.Fukuyama, Francis(1999)。The Great Disruption: Human Nature and Reconstitution of Social Order。New York：Free Press。  new window
14.Olson, Mancur Jr.(1982)。The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation, and Social Rigidities。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
15.Delli Carpini, Michael X.、Keeter, Scott(1996)。What Americans Know about Politics and Why It Matters。Yale University Press。  new window
16.Putnam, Robert D.、Leonardi, Robert、Nanetti, Raffaella Y.(1993)。Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy。Princeton University Press。  new window
17.Putnam, Robert D.(2000)。Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community。Simon & Schuster。  new window
18.Coleman, James Samuel(1990)。Foundations of social Theory。Belknap Press of Harvard University Press。  new window
19.Norris, Pippa(2002)。Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political Activism。Cambridge University Press。  new window
20.Verba, Sidney、Nie, Norman H.(1972)。Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equality。New York：Harper & Row。  new window
21.Newton, Kenneth(1999)。Social Capital and European Democracy in Modern Europe。Social Capital and European Democracy。London, UK。  new window
22.Patterson, Orlando(1999)。Liberty against the Democratic State。Democracy and Trust。Cambridge。  new window
23.Uphoff, Norman T.(1996)。Learning from Gal Oya: Possibilities for Participatory Development and Post-Newtonian Social Science。Learning from Gal Oya: Possibilities for Participatory Development and Post-Newtonian Social Science。London, UK。  new window
其他
1.內政部警政署(2007)。警政統計重要參考指標，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.吳乃德(20040000)。搜尋民主公民--社團參與的理論與實際。公共領域在台灣：困境與契機。臺北：桂冠。new window  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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