This study mainly applies the census record from Japanese colonial period as basic data and combines historical research, literature review, and field research as study methods. This study surveys the census record from the years between 1905 (the 38^th year of Meiji period) and 1945 (the 20^th year of Shouwa period) to find out the object of registers job title as carpenter. Furthermore, this study finds out the carpenters' group, records the migration tread, analyzes the population structure and ancestral hometown of study objects from the data. Then, this study indicates how city background and industrial development brought impact to migration of carpenters' group and their working content. Next, this study constructs the tread of traditional carpenters in Taiwan during the Japanese colonial period and groups of carpenter as conclusion. In addition, after analyzing the carpenters' original hometown, migration times, and lodge members' data in the household registered book, the conclusion reveals that the carpenters are from Fuzhou: Changle and Minhou; Quanzhou: Huian; Zhejiang: Wenchou; and Guangdong: Chaozhou in Mainland China. Especially, there are big amount of people from Fuzhou with the family name of Lin, Cheng, Chen and from Quanzbou with family name of Wan. These people inherit from father and family-of-origin. Moreover, due to the living transition influenced by social economy change, the carpenters' group changes from teamwork to singular lodge. The carpenters' group of Japanese colonial period migrates more in the Taisho period and it is influenced by the forestry. Finally, this study analyzes the big group of carpenter's migration times, grouping, ancestral hometown and occupation in the research area to obtain the conclusions.