Social work is a profession that assists individuals, groups, and communities to solve problems, empower their social function and strengthen social adjustment. Especially, the child protection social workers in the enforcement of tasks and roles are more complex. Not because children and adolescents in a developmental stage that their rights and abilities of decision making both need to be protected. And the real situation makes many variables in a process which the characteristics of the social work professional practices, social environment, policies and laws, rules and institutions, interact with children's growth.Child protective Social workers who own the public authority by law, must both provide intervention, and carry out arbitration, judgment and domination to children and adolescents who need be assisted and protected. It means that social workers in children protection treatment, are not only partners of solving problems, but also referees. The relationship between social workers and clients who are children and adolescents protected and their families or caregivers, seems to have become the role mapping of "mandarin and civilian".From the way of getting an overview of domestic practical implementation, related literatures and researches at present, the purpose of this paper attempts to think and exam how can child protection social workers be a 'mandarin' in the perspective of Chinese culture? And whether child protection social workers have enough competence to be the "official" or not? Then brings up introspection of the roles about child protective social workers in treatment process, and discusses the issues which needs to be clarified. Finally, result and suggestions of this paper could be a reference to practice agencies and members in child protection field for thinking about intervention, and formulating social work professional education program in the future.