捷克及斯洛伐克二個民族於一次大戰後共同建立國家，經過75年的相處（1918-93），二個民族和平分裂。分裂之後的捷克及斯洛伐克分別選擇不同路徑建構新的國家認同，斯洛伐克以「歐洲認同」做為國家認同的建構框架，捷克則比較強調「歐洲懷疑」。捷克及斯洛伐克的年輕世代在新的國家認同架構下，傳承並建構了不同的歷史記憶。因此，新世代雖面對共同的「過去」，卻有不同的解讀。另外，在彼此間缺少地緣衝突及重大歷史爭議的情況下，捷克及斯洛伐克新世代並未因國家認同及記憶的差異化而將對方視為敵國。

Czech and Slovakia nations established a common country after the First World War, but peacefully divided after 75 years of coexistence (1918-1993). Afterward, Czech and Slovakia republics chose different paths to construct new national identities. Slovakia took “European identity” as the construction framework of national identity, while Czech stressed the “European suspicion.” The younger generations of Czech Republic and Slovakia acquire different historical memories under the new national identities. Therefore, although the new generations face the “common past,” they already have different interpretation. In addition, due to the lack of geopolitical conflict and no major historical disputes, the new generations of Czech and Slovakia republics do not treat each other as the unfriendly countries under the divergence of national identity and memory.