本文旨在探討非營利機構協助部落產業發展和創造就業機會的可能與限制。為達此研究目的，本文採用訪談法針對阿里山部落四位原住民農民以及二間非營利機構社工人員進行質性資料的蒐集及分析。研究發現，現今原住民部落文化產業面臨青壯人口流失、自然環境遭破壞及政策支持不足等因素影響而難有發展。近年來非營利機構深入原鄉部落，運用社會工作模式提供服務，相對能瞭解在地居民的需求及提供適切的服務，只是機構服務方案有其時限而影響部落文化產業的推動。依此，本研究建議，未來政府理應與非營利組織長期緊密合作，透過非營利組織長期蹲點、深耕部落，並運用社會企業模式促進部落生機、創造在地就業機會和吸引年輕族人回鄉就業，終而克服部落人口結構空洞化和產業經濟空洞化的危機。

The objective of this study is to explore ways in which non-profit organizations can assist the development of tribal industries and the possibilities and limits of job creation. For this purpose, the researcher collected and analyzed qualitative data acquired through interviews with four indigenous farmers and social workers from two NPOs. The study tells us that cultural industries of today’s indigenous tribes face development difficulties due to factors such as young population outflow, environmental damage, and insufficient policy support. In recent years, non-profit organizations have gained relative understanding of tribal needs and offered appropriate services through social work methods and intensive outreach of indigenous tribes. However, the programs of the organizations have time limits that impact the promotion of tribal culture industries. Thus, the researcher proposes long-term, close cooperation between the government and NPOS in the future by using the NPOs’ intensive outreach of indigenous tribes, applying social enterprise methods to tribal industries, and creating local employment to prompt the return of young tribesmen, in overcoming the hollowing-out of tribal population structures and industries.