放任自由主義思想中之正義議題：以自主性為例__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	放任自由主義思想中之正義議題：以自主性為例
作者：	何子祿
作者(外文)：	Edward Tze-lu Ho
校院名稱：	淡江大學
系所名稱：	美國研究所
指導教授：	Dr. Anthony G. Trimarchi
學位類別：	博士
出版日期：	2003
主題關鍵詞：	自主性；放任自由主義；正義；矯正措施；自我所有權；平等；傷害原則；私有財產；Autonomy；Libertarianism；Justice；Affirmative Action；Self-Ownership；Equality；Harm Principle；Private Property
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:64

關於自主性概念之正確意義由於存在著分歧的理解方式，結果不僅導致放任自由主義思想中之正義觀時常遭受曲解，而且也經常使得放任自由主義的本質即使未被斷然否定也遭到嚴厲的批評。雖然如此，本篇論文認為放任自由主義思想中之正義觀和自主性概念是值得加以辯護的。本篇論文證明了個人自主性與放任自由主義之正義觀的關聯性是建立在一項事實上：放任自由主義對於尊重並且維護個人自主權利的承諾是檢驗放任自由主義之正義觀的標準。具體而論，本篇論文也證明了放任自由主義之自主性概念確實能被加以運用來解決牽涉到正義議題的爭議，例如密西根大學法學院因為招生政策採取矯正措施所引起的憲法案件。
關於放任自由主義之自主性概念，本篇論文證明了它包含五個主要的組成部分：自我所有權、私有財產權、傷害原則、責任以及權利的平等。此外，對上述五個主要組成部分所進行的嚴謹分析結果也證實，自我所有權是其他四個主要組成部分的基礎。至於放任自由主義之正義觀，本篇論文認為它是一個前設規範原則，因為它唯一的任務在於防止人們相互侵犯由他們同樣擁有的基本消極權利所界定出的自主領域。
最後，筆者將本篇論文中研究分析所得的結果，應用至美國聯邦最高法院在涉及正義議題的密西根大學法學院招生歧視案中所作出的劃時代判決，並且得到下列結論：放任自由主義者認為多元化也許是一個值得追求的目標，而且他們毫無疑問的也會認為國家及社會毫無理由阻止個人在私領域中努力實現此一目標。然而，放任自由主義者堅定的認為，多元化此一目標不應經由政府的種族優待措施來加以達成，因為那種作法違背了建立在個人而非團體權利基礎之上的基本憲法原則。

以文找文

Even though the fact that there are diverse understandings regarding the very meaning of autonomy has, more often than not, led to a skewing or misunderstanding of the issue of justice inherent within libertarian political thought, frequently leading to sharp criticism, if not outright rejection, of libertarianism itself, this dissertation has argued that libertarian conceptions of justice and autonomy are defensible. This dissertation has shown that the relevance of individual autonomy in libertarian justice lies in the fact that the norm for examining libertarian justice is the libertarian commitment to respecting and protecting the right of individual autonomy. Specifically, it has shown that libertarian autonomy can be employed in settling disputes involving issues of justice, as the University of Michigan Law School affirmative action case (Grutter v. Bollinger, 2003) has demonstrated.
With regard to the libertarian conception of autonomy, this dissertation has shown that libertarian autonomy is composed of five major components, i.e., self-ownership, private property, the harm principle, responsibility, and equality of rights. Further, a proper analysis of these components has established that the libertarian right of self-ownership actually implies the other components; hence, it has been suitably regarded as the very foundation of all rights and duties. With respect to libertarian justice, this dissertation has argued that it is a metanormative principle in the sense that its sole function is to prevent individuals from infringing upon one another’s spheres of autonomy delimited by the basic negative rights they equally possess.
Finally, by applying the conclusions drawn from the analyses carried out in this research to the landmark Grutter case which involves the issue of justice, this dissertation concludes that diversity may be a desirable goal and, if it were to be obtained in private settings, libertarians would undoubtedly claim that society and the state have no legitimate grounds for preventing an individual from achieving it. However, libertarians strenuously insist that the goal of diversity should not be carried out through government practices of racial or ethnic preferential treatment because it contravenes the fundamental constitutional principle which hinges on individual, rather than group, rights.

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CHINESE PART
A. BOOKS
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江宜樺 [Yi-huah Jiang] ，《自由民主的理路》 [The Road to Liberal Democracy] 。台北：聯經出版事業公司，民國九十年 [Taipei: Linking Publishing Company, 2001] 。 new window

許國賢[Gossens Kuo-hsien Hsu]，〈民主與個人自主性〉 [“Democracy and Individual Autonomy”]，收錄於張福建、蘇文流主編 [Frank Chang and Run-new Su, eds.]，《民主理論：古典與現代》[Democratic Theory: Ancient and Modern ]。台北：中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所，民國八十四年六月[Taipei: Sun Yat-sen Institute for Social Sciences and Philosophy, Academia Sinica, June 1995]。
ENGLISH PART
A. PUBLIC DOCUMENTS
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White House, “President Applauds Supreme Court for Recognizing Value of Diversity.” June 23, 2003. Retrieved 24 June 2003 on the World Wide Web:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/06/20030623.html
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