參考文獻
中文部分
文崇一（1991）。台灣的工業化與家庭關係的轉變。載於喬健編，中國家庭及其變遷（頁171-184）。香港：中文大學社會科學院暨亞太研究所。
內政部統計處（1996）。老人狀況調查報告。台北：內政部統計處。
行政院主計處（1996）。台灣地區人口老人狀況調查報告。台北：行政院主計處。
內政部戶政司（2010）。各縣市人口數按性別及單一年齡分。線上檢索日期：2010年4月30日。網址：http://www.ris.gov.tw/version96/stpeqr_01_02.html
王麗容（1996）。老年期的社會發展。載於沙依仁、江亮演、王麗容編著，人類行為與社會環境（頁217-225）。台北：國立空中大學。
李美枝（1998）。中國人親子關係的內涵與功能：以大學生為例。本土心理學研究，9，3-52。
李小玫、林惠生（1993）。台灣老人生前財產移轉：誰分？載於王國羽編，社會安全問題之研究（頁243-264）。嘉義：中正大學社會福利研究所。
李茂能（2006）。結構方程模式軟體Amos之簡介及其在測驗編製上之應用：Graphics &; Basic。台北：心理。
李茂能（2008）。SEM適配指標的潛藏問題：最佳模式難求。測驗統計年刊，1（2），17-20。李茂能（2009）。圖解Amos 在學術研究之運用。台北:五南。
邱怡玟（2004）。家庭變遷下老年人之長期照護何去何從。社區發展季刊，106，176-185。
余德慧（1992a）。中國人心底的故事。載於余德慧等著，中國人的父母經-黏結與親情（頁1-14）。台北：張老師出版社。
余德慧（1992b）。現代中國人孝養之道。載於余德慧等著，中國人的父母經-黏結與親情（頁25-31）。台北：張老師出版社。
余德慧（1995）。「中國人的心理」系列出版緣起。載於余德慧、林麗雲等著，中國人的新孝觀-親恩與回報（頁1-2）。台北：張老師出版社。
余德慧、古碧玲（1994）。中國人的情面焦慮。載於莊慧秋等著，中國人的面具性格（頁63-107）。台北：張老師出版社。
余德慧、顧瑜君（2000）。父母眼中的離合處境與現代倫理意涵。應用心理研究，6，173-211。利翠珊（1999）。已婚女性家庭系統的交會：親情與角色的兩難。中華心理衛生學刊，12（3），1-21。利翠珊（2000）。已婚女性代間情感糾結的經驗與內涵。中華心理衛生學刊，13（4），77-107。
利翠珊（2007）。華人已婚女性代間矛盾情感之特色與測量。中華心理衛生學刊，20（4），357-386。吳明隆（2007）。結構方程模式－AMOS的操作與運用。台北：五南。
吳淑瓊、莊坤洋（2001）。在地老化：台灣二十一世紀長期照護的政策方向。台灣衛誌，20（3），192-201。
吳嘉瑜（2002）。代間矛盾經驗分析：成人子女婚後與父母之關係研究。未出版之博士論文，國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商研究所，彰化。吳嘉瑜、趙淑珠（2004）。以多重觀點建構代間矛盾經驗之新嘗試。中華心理衛生學刊，17（1），75-111。宋鎮照（1997）。社會學。台北：五南。
林如萍（1998）。農家老人與其成人子女代間連帶之研究-從老人的觀點分析。未出版之博士論文，國立台灣大學農業推廣學研究所，台北。
林益厚（1989）。人口變遷與家戶組成之關係：台灣地區之模擬分析。未出版之碩士論文，私立東海大學社會學研究所論文，台中。邱皓政（2002）。量化研究與統計分析：SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。台北：五南。
邱皓政（ 2005）。結構方程模式：LISREL 的理論技術與應用（初版四刷）。台北：雙葉。
金耀基（1992）。關係和網路的建構：一個社會學的詮釋。二十一世紀，12，143-157。胡幼慧（1995）。三代同堂--迷思與陷阱。台北：巨流。施欲教、萬育維、沈淑芳、吳明儒（1994）。建立退休公務人員養老制度之研究。台北：行政院研考會。
孫得雄（1991）。社會變遷中的中國家庭：以台灣為例。載於喬健編，中國家庭及其變遷（頁33-51）。香港：香港中文大學社會科院暨亞太研究所。
梁漱溟（1963）。中國文化要義。台北：正中書局。莊英章（1972）。台灣農村家族對現代化的適應：一個田野工作的實例分析。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，34，85-98。
許圭芳（2006）。孝道觀念與子女居住決策之台灣實證。未出版之碩士論文，私立輔仁大學經濟學研究所，台北。
許承德（2007）。中年世代之代間支持、代間規範、代間矛盾與老年居住安排期望。未出版之碩士論文，國立台灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系研究所，台北。
許秉翔（2002）。當前台灣住宅的代間移轉：財富承繼的社會經濟學探討。未出版之博士論文，國立台灣大學建築與城鄉研究所，台北。
連賢明（1994）。台灣老人的居住選擇。未出版之碩士論文，國立台灣大學經濟學研究所，台北。
陳若琳（2011）。老人與家庭。載於李青松、林歐貴英、陳若琳、潘榮吉編著，親子關係（頁121-149）。台北：國立空中大學。
陳肇男（1993）。居住安排與老人奉養。台北：中央研究院經濟研究所。
陳寬政、楊靜利（1999）。子女數量、同居傾向與老年人居住安排。家庭、社會政策及財物策略國際學術研討會，台北。
高淑貴、周欣宜（2008）。推動在地老化之研究-以「建立社區照顧關懷據點計劃」為例。農業推廣文彙，53，35-48。
章英華（1994）。變遷社會中的家戶組成與奉養態度--台灣的例子。國立台灣大學社會學刊，23，1-34。黃芳銘（2007）。結構方程模式理論與應用（ 五版一刷）。台北：五南。
黃光國（1995）。儒家價值觀的現代與轉化：理論分析與實徵研究。本土心理學研究，3，276-338。黃光國（2001）。儒家關係主義的理論建構及其方法論基礎。教育與社會研究，2，1-34。費孝通（1948）。鄉土中國。香港：鳳凰出版社。
曾瀝儀、張金鶚、陳淑美（1996）。老人居住安排選擇—代間關係之探討。住宅學報，15（2），45-64。楊中芳、彭泗清（2005）。人際交往中的人情與關係：構念化與研究方向。載於楊國樞、黃光國、楊中芳主編，華人本土心理學研究（下）（頁483-519）。台北：遠流。楊國樞（1988）。中國人的蛻變。台北：桂冠。楊國樞（1992a）。中國人的社會取向：社會互動的觀點。載於楊國樞、黃光國（主編），中國人的心理與行為：理念與方法篇。台北：桂冠。楊國樞（1992b）。國人的孝道概念分析。載於楊國樞著，中國人的蛻變（頁31-64）。台北：桂冠出版社。楊國樞、李本華（1971）。557個中文人格形容詞之好惡度、意義度及熟悉度。國立台灣大學心理學系研究報告，13，36-57。
楊國樞、葉光輝、黃囇莉（1988）。孝道的社會態度與行為：理論與測量。中研院民族學研究所集刊，65，171-227。楊懋春（1988）。中國的家族主義與國民性格。載於李亦園、楊國樞主編，中國人的性格（頁133-167）。台北：桂冠。
葉光輝（1995）。孝道困境的消解模式及其相關因素。中研院民族學研究所集刊，79，87-118。
葉光輝（1996a）。親子互動的困境與衝突及其因應方式--孝道觀點的探討。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，82，65-114。
葉光輝（1996b）。年老父母的居住安排與孝道觀念：空巢自主時代的來臨。論文發表於中央研究院民族所主辦「老人居住安排：傳統vs.現代」小型研討會，台北。
葉光輝（1997a）。年老父母居住安排的心理學研究：孝道觀點的探討。中研院民族學研究所集刊，83，121-168。
葉光輝（1997b）。台灣民眾之孝道觀念變遷情形。載於瞿海源、張苙雲主編，九0年代的台灣社會變遷基本調查研究系列二（下）（頁171-214）。台北：中央研究院社會學研究所籌備處專書。
葉光輝（1998）。孝道概念的心理學探討--雙層次孝道認知特徵的發展歷程。本土心理學研究，9，53-117。葉光輝（2002）。「關係主義」：論華人人際互動關係的要素、來源和變化歷程。載於葉啟政編，從現代到本土（頁229-255）。台北：遠流出版社。
葉光輝、楊國樞（1988）。孝道的認知結構與發展：概念與衡鑑。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，65，131-169。
葉光輝、楊國樞（1994）。孝道認知結構組型之分析。載於楊國樞、黃光國主編，中國人的心理與行為（頁95-134）。台北：桂冠出版社。葉啟政（1982）。「傳統」概念的社會學分析。載於葉啟政編，社會、文化、和知識份子（頁58-88）。台北：東大圖書。
陸洛、陳欣宏（2002）。台灣變遷社會中老人的家庭角色調適及代間關係初探。應用心理學研究，14，221-249。劉一龍、王德睦（2005）。台灣地區總生育率的分析：完成生育率與生育步調之變化。人口學刊，30，97-123。劉凱甲（1991）。拒絕長大的龍族。載於謝麗玉等著，中國人的養育觀-付出與期待（頁3-24）。台北：張老師出版社。
鄭清霞（2004）。我國家戶型態變遷之探討--1976年至2004年。「建立台灣永續發展的家庭、人口、健康、社區與勞動保障體系：公民權利契約觀點」學術研討會。檢索於2009年3月1日，自台灣社會福利學會線上資料庫。網址：http://swat.sw.ccu.edu.tw.
瞿海源（1991）。台灣地區社會變遷調查計畫：第二期第一、二次調查計畫執行報告。台北：中央研究院民族學研究所。
魏君玫（2004）。台灣家庭的親子關係模式：以代間居住安排與代間財富流動為例。未出版之碩士論文，國立台北大學社會學系，台北。
簡 媜（2013）。誰在銀閃閃的地方，等你：老年書寫與凋零幻想。台北；印刻。
蘇麗瓊、梁浙西（1987）。美國與旗子女互動關係—有距離的親密感。社會建設，63，45-52。
關華山、齊力、陳格理、陳覺惠（1992）。台灣老人居住安排與居住問題研究—兼論三代同堂。內政部：建築研究所籌備處研究計劃報告。
Blau, Z. S.(1988). 變遷社會與老年（朱岑樓譯）。台北：巨流。（原著出版於1922）。
Boss, P. (1994). 家庭壓力管理（周月清譯）。台北：桂冠。（原著出版於1988）。
Brubaker, T. H. (1997). 老年家庭（劉秀娟譯）。台北：揚智。（原著出版於1985）。
外文部分
Aldous, J. (1987). New views of the family life of the elderly and the near elderly. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49, 227-234.
Aldous, J., &; Klein, D. M. (1991). Sentiment and service. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 595-608
Aldous, J. (1995). New views of grandparents in intergenerational context. Journal of Family Issues, 16, 104-22.
Becker, G. C. (1974). A theory of Social interaction. Journal of Political Economy, 82, 1063-1093.
Bengtson, V. L. (1993). Is the ‘‘contract across generations ’’ changing? Effects of population aging on obligations and expectations across age groups. In V. L. Bengtson &; W. A. Achenbaum (Eds.), The changing contract across generations (pp.3-21). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Bengtson, V. L. (2001). Beyond the nuclear family: The increasing importance of multigenerational bonds. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 63(1), 1-16.
Bengtson, V. L., Olander, E. B., &; Haddad, A. A. (1976). The generation gap and aging family member: Toward a conceptual model. In J. E. Gubrium (Eds.) , Time, roles, and self in old age (pp.237-263). New York: Human Science Press.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Allen, K. (1993). The life course perspective applied to families over time. In P. Boss, W. Doherty, R. LaRossa, W. Schumm &; S. Steinmetz (Eds.), Sourcebook of family theories and methods: A contextual approach (pp.469-498). New York: Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Press.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Harootyan, R. A. (1994). Intergenerational linkages: Hidden connections in American society. New York: Springer.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Roberts, R. (1991). Intergenerational solidarity in aging families: An example of formal theory construction. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 856-870.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Schrader, S. (1982). Parent-child relations. In D. Mangen &; W. A. Peterson (Eds.), Research instruments in social gerontology (Vol. 2). (pp.115-186). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Dennefer, D. (1987). Families, work and aging: Implication of disordered cohort flow for the 21st century. In R.A. Ward &; S. S. Tobin (Eds.), Health in Aging: Sociological issues and policy direction (pp.256-289). New York: Springer.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Mangen, D. J. (1989). Generations, families, and interaction. solidarity. In D. J. Mangen, V. L. Bengtson &; P. H. Jr. Landry (Eds.), Measurement of intergenerational relations (pp.10-14). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Bengtson, V. L., Giarrusso, R., Mabry, J. B., &; Silverstein, M. (2002). Solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence: Complementary or competing perspectives on intergenerational relationships? Journal of Marriage and the Family, 64, 568-576.
Blieszner, R., &; Mancini, J. A. (1987). Enduring ties: Older adults' parental role and responsibilities. Family Relations, 36, 176-180.
Blumstein, P., &; Kollock, P. (1988). Personal relationships. Annual Review of Sociology, 14, 467-490.
Braiker, H. B., &; Kelley, H. H. (1979). Conflict in the development of close relationships. In R. L. Burgess &; T. L. Huston (Eds.), Social exchange in developing relationships (pp.135-168). New York: Academic Press.
Browberg, E. M. (1983). Mother-daughter relationship in later life: The effect of quality of relationship upon mutual aid. Journal of Gerontological Social Work. 6(1), 75-92.
Brubaker, T. H. (1990). Families in later life: A burgeoning research area. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 959-981.
Burgess, E., &; Locke, H. (1945). The family: From institution to companionship. New York: American Book.
Cantor, M., &; Little, V. (1985). Aging and social care. In R. H. Binstock &; E. Shanas
(Eds.), Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences (pp.745-781.). New York:
Van Nostrand-Reinhold.
Carpenter, B.D. (2001). Attachement bonds between adult daughters and their old mothers associations with contemporary caregiving. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Science, 56, 257-266.
Cherlin, A. J. (1978). Remarriage as an incomplete institution. American Journal of Sociology, 84, 634-650.
Cicirelli, V. (1984). Adult children's helping behavior to elderly parents: The influence of divorce. Journal of Family Issues, 5, 419-440.
Clemens, A. W., &; Axelson, L. J. (1985). The not-so-empty-nest: the return of the fledgling adult. Family Relations, 34, 259-264.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.).Hillsdale, NJ: Eribaum.
Cohler, B. J., &; Altergott, K. (1996). The family of the second of life: Connecting theories and finding. In R. Blieszner &; V. H. Bedford (Eds.), Aging and the family theory and Research (pp.59-94). London: Greenwood Press.
Cohler, B. J., &; Grunebaum, H. (1981). Mothers, grandmothers and daughters: Personality and childcare in three-generation family. New York: Wiley.
Connidis, I. A., &; McMullin, J. A. (2002). Sociological ambivalence and family ties: A critical perspective. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 558-567.
Cooney, T. M., &; Uhlenberg, P. (1990). The role of divorce in men’s relations with their adult children after mid-life. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 677-688.
Cooney, T.M., &; Uhlenberg, P. (1992). Support from parents over the life course: The adult child’s perspective. Social Forces, 71, 63-84.
Dowd, J. J. (1984). Beneficence and the aged. Journal of gerontology, 39(1), 102–108.
Eggebeen, D. J., &; Hogan, P. D. (1990). Giving between the generations in American families. Human Nature, 1 , 211-232.
Elder, G. H. Jr., Johnson, M. K., &; Johnson, R. (2003). The emergence and development of life course theory. In J. T. Mortimer &; M. J. Shanahan (Eds.), Handbook of the life course (pp.3-19). New York: Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Press.
Finch, J., &; Groves, D. (1983). Caring: A Labor of Love. In J. Finch &; G. Dulice (Eds.), A Labor of Love: Women, work, and caring (pp.13-30). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Finley, N. J., Robert, M. D., &; Banahan, B. F. (1988). Motivators and inhibitors of attitudes of filial obligation toward aging parents. The Gerontologist, 28, 78-78.
Fischer, L. R. (1985). Elderly Parents and the care giving role: An asymmetrical transition. In W.A. Peterson &; J. Quadagno (Eds.), Social bonds in later life (pp.105-114). Beverly Hills , CA: Sage.
Fisher, V. R. (1981). Transitions in the mother-daughter relationship. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 43, 613-622.
Giarrusso, R., Silverstein, M., Gans, D., &; Dattland, S. O. (2005). Aging parents and adult children: New Perspectives on intergenerational relational. In M. L. Johnson, V. L. Bengtson, P. G. Colman &; T. B. Kirkwood (Eds.), Age and aging (pp.413-421). New York: Cambridge.
Giarrusso, R., Stallings, M., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1995). The “Intergenerational Stake” hypothesis revisited: Parent-child difference in Perceptions of relationship 20 years later. In V. L. Bengtson, K. W. Schaie, &; M. L. Burton (Eds.), Adult intergenerational relations effects of societal change (pp.227-263). New York: Springer.
Goodman, N. (1992). Introduction to Sociology. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
Hair, J . F., Anderson, R. L., Tatham, R. L., &; Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall International.
Hareven, T. K. (1996). Historical Perspectives on the Family and Aging. In R. Blieszner &; V. H. Bedford (Eds.), Aging and the family theory and research (pp.59-94). London: Greenwood Press.
Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
Hess, B. B., &; Waring, J. M. (1978). Parent and child in later life: Rethinking the relationship. In R. M. Lerner &; G. B. Spanier (Eds.), Child influences on marital and family interaction: A life-span perspective (pp.241-273). New York: Academic Press.
Hogan, D. P., Eggebeen, D. J., &; Clogg, C. C. (1993). The structure of intergenerational exchanges in American families. American Journal of Sociology, 98, 1428-1458.
Holder, A. (1975). Theoretical and clinical aspects of ambivalence. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 30, 197-220.
Homans, G. C. (1950).The human group. New York: Harcourt Brace &; World.
Homans, G. C. (1961). Social behavior: Its elementary forms. New York: Harcourt Brace &; World.
Huston, T. L., &; Robins, E. (1982). Conceptual and methodological issues in studying close relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 44, 901-925.
Johnson, N. (1981). Role expectations and role realities of Italian mothers and their daughters. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 14, 271-276.
Kane, R. L., &; Kane, R. A. (1990). Health care for older people: Organizational and policy Issues. In R. H. Binstock &; L. K. George (Eds.), Handbook of aging and the social sciences (3rd ed.). (pp.415-437). New York: Academic Press.
Katz, R., Lowenstein, A., Phillips, J., &; Daatland, S. O. (2005). Theorizing intergenerational family relations-Solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence in cross-national context. In V. L. Bengtson, A. C. Acock, K. R. Allen, P. Dilworth-Anderson &; D. M. Klein (Eds.), Sourcebook of family theory and research (pp.393-407). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Klein, D. M., &; White, J. M. (1996). Family theories: An introduction. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Kuczynski, L. (2003). Beyond bidirectionality: Bilateral conceptual framework for understanding dynamics in parent-child relations. In L. Kuczynski (Ed.), Handbook of dynamics in parent-child relations (pp.3-24). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Lawton, L., Silverstein, M., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1994a). Solidarity between generations in families. In V. L. Bengtson &; R. A. Harootyan (Eds.), Intergenerational linkages-hidden connections in American society (pp.19-42). New York: Springer.
Lawton. L., Silverstein, M., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1994b). Affection, social contact, and geographic distance between adult children and their parents. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56(1), 57-68.
Lee, Mei-Lin., Lin, Hui-Seng., &; Chang, Ming-Cheng. (1995). Living arrangements of the elderly in Taiwan: Qualitative evidence. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 10, 53-78.
Litwak, E. (1985). Helping the elderly. New York: The Guilford Press.
Lowenstein, A. (2005). Global aging and challenges to families. In M. L. Johnson, V. L. Bengtson, P. G. Colman &; T. B. Kirkwood (Eds.), Age and aging (pp.403-411). New York: Cambridge.
Luescher, K. (2002). Intergenerational ambivalence: Further steps in theory and research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 64, 585-593.
Luescher, K., &; Pillemer, K. (1998). Intergenerational ambivalence: A new approach to study of parent-child relation in later life. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60, 413-425.
Lye, D, N., Klepinger, D., Hyle, P. D., &; Nelson, A. (1995). Childhood living arrangements and adult children's relations with their parents. Demography, 32, 261-280
Lye, D. N. (1996). Adult child-parent relationships. Annual Sociogical Review, 22, 79-102.
Mancini, J. A., &; Blieszner, R. (1989). Aging parents and adult children: Research themes in intergenerational relations. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 51, 275-290.
Mancini, J. A. (1979). Family relationships and morale among people 65 years of age and older. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 49(2), 292-300.
Mancini, J. A. (1989). Family gerontology and the study of parent-child relationships. In J. A. Mancini (Ed.), Aging parents and adult children (pp.3-13). Lexington, MA: Lexington.
Mangen, D. J., &; Westbrook, J. G. (1988). Measuring intergenerational norms. In D. J. Mangen, V. L. Bengtson, &; P. H. Jr. Landry (Eds.), Measurement of intergenerational relations (pp.187-206). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Marshall, V. W., Matthews, S. H., &; Rosenthal, C. J. (1993). Elusiveness of family life: A challenge for the sociology of aging. In G. L. Maddox &; M. P. Lawton (Eds.), Annual review of gerontology and geriatrics: Focus on kinship, aging and social change. New York: Springer.
Mattews, S. H., &; Rosner, T. T. (1988). Shared filial responsibility: The family as the primary caregiver. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 185-195.
Mutran, E., &; Reitzes, C. D. (1984). Intergenerational support activities and well-being among the elderly: A convergence of exchange and symbolic interaction perspectives. American Sociological Review, 49, 117-130.
Nye, F. I., &; Rushing, W. (1969). Toward family measurement research. In J. Hadden &; E. Borgatta (Eds.), Marriage and Family (pp.133-140). Itasca, IL: Peacock.
Peterson, E. T. (1989). Elderly parents and their offspring. In S.J. Bahr, &; E. T. Peterson (Eds.), Aging and Family ( pp.175-192). Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books.
Parrott, T. M., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1999). The effects of earlier intergenerational affection, normative expectations, and family conflict on contemporary exchanges of help and support. Research on Aging, 21, 73-105.
Parsons, T. (1943). The kinship system of contemporary United States. American Anthropologist, 45, 22-38.
Pillemer, K. (1985). The dangerous of dependency: New findings on domestic violence against the elderly. Social Problems, 33, 146-158.
Pillemer, K. (1993). 'The abused offspring are not dependent. In R. Gelles &; D. Loseke (Eds.), Controversies in family violence ( pp.237-249). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Pillemer, K., &; Luescher, K. (Eds.). (2004). Intergenerational Ambivalences: New Perspectives on Parent-Child Relations in Later Life. Oxford: Elsevier Science.
Pillemer, K., &; Suitor, J. J. (2002). Explaining mothers' ambivalence toward their adult children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 64, 602–613.
Pillemer, K., &; Suitor, J. J. (2002). Intergenerational relations. In E. F. Borgatta &; M. L. Borgatta (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Sociology (pp.949-962.). New York: Macmillan.
Qureshi, H., &; Walker, A. (1989). The caring relationship-Elderly people and their Families. London: Macmillan.
Roberts, R. E. L., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1990). Is Intergenerational solidarity a undimensional construct? A second test of a formal model. The Journal of Gerontology, 45, 12-20.
Roberts, R. E. L., Richards, L. N., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1991). Intergenerational solidarity in families: Untangling the ties that bind. Marriage and Family Review, 16, 11–46.
Rossi, A. S., &; Rossi, P. H. (1990). Of human bonding: Parent-child relations across the life course. New York: Aldine de Gruvter.
Seelbach, W. C. (1984). Filial responsibility and the care of aging family members. In W. H. Quinn &; G. A. Hughston (Eds.), Independent aging: Family and social system perspectives (pp.92-105). Rockville, MD: Aspen System.
Seelbach, W. C., &; Sauer, J. W. (1977). Filial responsibility expectations and morale among aged parents. The Gerontologist, 17(6), 492-499.
Shanas, E. (1979). Social myth as hypothesis: The case of family relations of old people. The Gerontologist, 19, 3-9.
Shanas, E. (1980). Older people and their families: The new pioneers. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 42, 9-15.
Silverstein, M., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1997). Intergenerational solidarity and the structure of adult-child parent relationships in American families. American Journal Sociology, 38, 429-460.
Silverstein, M., Parrott, M. T., &; Bengtson, V. L. (1995). Factors that predispose middle-aged sons and daughters to provide social support to older parents. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 57,465-475.
Smyer, M. A., &; Hofland, B. F. (1982). Divorce and family support in later life: emerging concerns . Journal of Family Issues, 3, 61-77.
Spitze, G., &; Logan, J. (1992). Helping as a component of parent-adult child relations. Research on Aging, 14, 291-312.
Spitze, G., &; Logan, J. (1990). Son, daughters, and intergenerational social support. Journal of Marriage and Family, 52, 420-430.
Spitze, G., &; Logan, J. R. (1989). Gender differences in family support: Is there a payoff. Gerontologist, 29, 108-113.
Spitze, G., &; Logan, J. (1991a). Sibling structure and intergenerational relations. Journal of Marriage and Family, 53, 871- 884.
Spitze, G., &; Logan, J. R. (1991b). Employment and filial relations: Is there a conflict. Sociological Forum, 6, 681-697.
Spitze, G., Logan, J. R., Deane, G., &; Zerger, S. (1994). Adult children’s divorce and intergenerational relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56, 279-293.
Steinbach, A. (2008). Intergenerational solidarity and ambivalence: Type of relationships in German Families. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 39(1), 115-127.
Stoller, E. P. (1985). Exchange patterns in the informal networks of the elderly: The impact on morale. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 47, 335-342.
Suitor, J. J., &; Pillemer, K. (1987). The presence of adult children: A source of stress for elderly couples’ marriage. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49, 717-25.
Thompson, M. M., &; Homles, J. G. (1996). Ambivalence in close relationship: Conflict cognitions as a catalyst for change. In R. M. Sorrentin &; E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition: The interpersonal context (Vol. 3, pp.497-530). Houston, Tx: The Guilford Press.
Troll, L. E. (1971). The family of later life: A decade review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 33, 263-290.
Troll, L. E., &; Miller, J. S., &; Atchley, C. R. (1979). Families in later life. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Umberson, D. (1992). Relationships between adult children and their parents: Psychological consequences for both generations. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 54, 664-674.
Walker, A. J., Pratt, C. C., Shin, H.y., &; Jones, L. L. (1989). Why daughters care:
Perspectives of mothers and daughter in a caregiving situation. In J. A. Mancini (Eds.), Aging Parents and Adult Children, 199-212. MA: Lexington.
White, L., &; Peterson, D. (1995). The retreat from marriage: Its effect on unmarried children’s exchange with parents. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 57, 428-34.
Wolf, R. S., &; Pillemer, K. (1989). Helping elderly victims: The reality of elder abuser. New York: Columbia University Press.