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題名:檔案館使用者資訊行為及其情境脈絡之探索
作者:王麗蕉
作者(外文):Li-Chiao Wang
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:圖書資訊學研究所
指導教授:林珊如
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2014
主題關鍵詞:檔案館使用者資訊行為個人在情境脈絡研究取向意義建構理論資訊使用環境檔案智能archives userinformation behaviorperson in context oriented approapchsense-making theoryinformation use enviornmentarchival intelligence
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檔案館是保存人類活動原始紀錄的文化保存機構,也是開放公眾取用歷史資源的知識傳播機構。然而,檔案學研究長期偏重在內容與技術導向,缺乏使用者研究。本研究是以臺灣的檔案館環境為情境脈絡,主要目的在於探索檔案館使用者資訊需求、尋求與使用等行為特性,及其影響因素,期望透過理解使用者與檔案館所提供的檔案資源與資訊服務互動歷程,作為檔案館的館藏發展、系統設計與服務規劃的實務參考。再者,是以使用者在檔案館尋求檔案資源的真實經驗,期望經由不同於圖書館環境之實徵研究,能更完整的解釋資訊行為的情境脈絡、處境概念及其相互關係。
本研究是以圖書資訊學領域所發展的「個人在情境脈絡為中心」之研究取向,綜合分析Dervin意義建構理論、Taylor資訊使用環境、以及Chang &; Lee主張情境脈絡與資訊行為是多元互動關係等理論性概念,重新提出「個人在情境脈絡與資訊互動」的初步理論性框架。在研究方法上,本研究是以質性研究取向,兼採實地觀察與深度訪談二種資料蒐集方法,選擇檔案管理局、國史館、和中研院臺史所檔案館各10位到館使用者,合計30位研究對象。資料分析採取紮根理論面向分析歸納方法,逐一分析資訊行為動態歷程和影響因素構成面向,以及檢視資訊行為與情境脈絡的關係。
研究結果歸納分析有以下三項:
一、 檔案館使用者資訊行為是涵蓋自資訊需求產生、資訊尋求過程、資訊使用過程、和行為結果評估等整體動態歷程。本研究在資訊行為歷程的研究結果,呼應意義建構理論強調資訊行為是歷程導向,以及修正與補實資訊使用環境未處理的資訊尋求與使用行為。
二、 檔案館使用者的情境脈絡是由使用者個人、社會網絡、資訊資源、和實體環境等四個面向所構成的影響因素。本研究在影響因素的分析結果,呼應Dervin和Taylor主張需兼具個人與社會層次,所歸納四個情境脈絡面向,更能連結檔案館的實務營運。
三、 使用者資訊行為與情境脈絡是多元交互作用的關係。使用者資訊行為是在檔案館情境脈絡之中,追尋與建構歷史真實的尋根旅程。資訊行為過程中受到各個情境脈絡因素的交互作用所影響,行為結果改變了使用者個人資訊行為處境及其情境脈絡。本研究結果證實Chang &; Lee的主張,即資訊行為是面對情境脈絡的概念,情境脈絡與資訊行為是多元交互作用的關係。
經由研究結果分析,與綜合比較相關研究文獻與理論模式,本研究重新建構「個人在情境脈絡與資訊互動理論性框架」和三項研究假定,以作為資訊行為研究的分析框架。透過本研究的發現,在檔案館實務方面,分別針對檔案徵集政策、檔案專業知識、檔案開放取用、檔案查檢工具、以及檔案文化創意與日常生活應用等提出改善建議。在圖書資訊學與檔案學研究方面,提出包括開設檔案專業知識訓練課程,檔案館使用者研究的深化發展,和持續運用圖書資訊學研究成果與理論方法於檔案館相關議題研究等建議。
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