台灣近來自於天災不斷，爲了使國土得以永續發展，政府近來積極規劃「國土復育條例」，其行動策略中，提出提振高山地區生態旅遊產業作爲配套措施，由於國土復育條例一旦通過，將對許多地區居民生活產生影響，因此居民態度便成爲政策推動成敗之重要關鍵。本研究主要爲了瞭解居民對於生態旅遊及國土復育政策所抱持之態度，以位於國土復育條例中，高海拔山區的梨山地區居民爲研究對象，使用問卷調查方式針對梨山地區居民調查。研究有效問卷共220份，受訪者以男性、45-54歲、高中／高職、農林漁牧礦業、收入10000元以下、原住民居多；受訪者對於生態旅遊普遍抱持正向支持態度，其中情感層面最高、認知及行爲意向層面平均值則相同，而對於國土復育政策則顯現認知不足及低認同之態度，但仍具正向之行爲意向，而受訪者生態旅遊及對於國土復育政策態度內部認知、情感及行爲意向有顯著相關性，兩者態度間也呈現部份相關。針對研究分析結果，本研究提出建議如下：一、政府部門：具體說明立法依據、審慎檢視條文內容、加強政令宣導、擬定相關配措施、持續推動生態旅遊相關活動、落實生態旅遊相關機制、與地方社團良性互動。二、地區居民：積極準備產業轉型、主動參與公共事務、強化社團功能、加強女性參與之機會。

In recent years, the natural disasters such as 921 earthquake and many stormy typhoons happened frequently in Taiwan, resulting in huge damage, losses and even tragedies. In order for the permanently sustainable development of national land, the government is recently planning "the provisions of National Land Recovery." Among the action strategies, the program for the ecotourism industry of higher mountain area has been produced as the coupled approach of promotion. Once the provisions of National Land Recovery passes, many residents' life will be instantly affected. Hence, the attitudes of the residents become the critical factors for whether the movement of the policy can succeed or not. This study mainly aims to understand the attitudes of the residents living in higher mountain area toward the ecotourism industry and the policy of National Land Recovery. Under the provisions of National Land Recovery, the targets investigated are the residents in Lishan mountain area. The survey is completed by the questionnaire. The effective responses of questionnaires are 220 copies, where the attributes of the interviewees are mostly male, aged from 45 to 54, high school or high vocational school educated, industrial of agriculture, forest, fish, and mining, of NT$10,000 less, and of aborigines. Most of the interviewees held positively supportive attitudes toward the ecotourism industry. Among them, the level of feeling is the most with equal mean values of recognition and of behavior tendencies, and the policy of National Land Recovery, though still with positive behavior tendencies, reveals insufficient recognition and low-level identification. On the other hand, there exists significant relationship between the ecotourism industry and the policy of National Land Recovery with respect to inner recognition, feeling and behavior tendencies, and the attitudes in-between them also are indicated partially related. Accordingly, we propose suggestions as follows. 1. The Government: specific identification based on law, scrupulous review of law contents, strengthening the propagation of policy rules and codes, write-up related measures, continual promotion of related ecotourism activities, mechanisms done with related ecotourism, and good interactions with local communities. 2. The Residents: progressive preparation of industry transformation, active participation with public affairs, enforcement of society function, strengthening opportunity for women participation.