臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫系統

:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
第 1 筆 / 總合 1 筆   第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁
/1頁
題名：參選人競選支出效果及其外部性：單記非讓渡投票制下之黨內競爭性分析
書刊名：人文及社會科學集刊
作者：王鼎銘 引用關係
作者(外文)：Wang, Ding-ming
出版日期：2011
卷期：23:3
頁次：頁341-370
主題關鍵詞：單記非讓渡投票制；黨內競爭；競選支出；外部性；負面 競選；Single nontransferable vote；SNTV；Intraparty competition；Campaign spending；Externality；Negative campaigning
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(1) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:312
  • 點閱點閱:237
參選人競選開支除了會影響自己的得票率，同時會對對手產生負面外部效 果，這在過去歐美學界已頗具研究成果。本文擴充競選支出的相關理論到台灣 單記非讓渡投票制（SNTV）的國會選舉，檢視學理上SNTV 低當選門檻及同 黨相爭的特性下，同選區同黨對手競選支出的負面效果，是否確實比他黨競爭 者的影響來得大。2004 年立法委員選舉是台灣唯一一次受「政治獻金法」規 範下，採SNTV 選制的國會選舉，本文利用從監察院及中選會蒐集的相關資 料，以兩階段最小平方法（2SLS）分析參選人競選支出對得票率的影響。主 要結論可歸納以下幾點：一、非現任的挑戰者競選支出會對選票增長產生正面 幫助，而現任者支出對選票影響的邊際效果不僅遠低於挑戰者，反而對本身選 票有負面的影響，此一發現吻合Jacobson（1978）所代表的傳統競選支出理 論。二、來自黨外競爭對手支出的負面作用並不顯著，僅對現任者的選票產生 一些影響，對原本票源就不充足的挑戰者而言更毫無作用。三、同黨競爭對手 的支出會對同黨同志的選票產生顯著的負面影響，而且這種黨內互鬥的本質對 擁有票源優勢現任者的直接影響較大，若與黨外對手支出的作用相較，更可發 現跨黨之間的票源競爭性確實較黨內競爭性來得低。四、當同黨參選人數越 多，同黨對手支出影響挑戰者的負面力道又會越強，顯示在這種協調機制較困 難的情況下，同黨相爭對挑戰者的影響越嚴重。
Previous studies have shown that campaign spending not only plays an important role of attracting votes for the candidates, but also imposes a negative externality to their competitors. This paper expands the traditional campaign spending theory to Taiwan Legislative elections where the Single Nontransferable Vote (SNTV) is employed. Since SNTV endorses the characteristics of low electoral threshold and intraparty competition, we distinguish two kinds of opponents’ spending, spending of the same party and other parties, to capture their different influences. The data was collected from the Control Yuan for the 2004 Taiwan Legislative election, which is the only case with SNTV where the political contribution and campaign expenditures data are available. A two-stage least squares (2SLS) model is used to analyze the relationship between candidates’s spending and vote ratio. The findings can be summarized as follows. First, challenger’s spending has a positive effect on their electoral outcome, while the incumbents doesn’t. Second, the interparty competition is not severe, due to the insignificant influence of opponent’s spending from other parties. Third, the spending of same-party competitors has a significant negative externality on the electoral result, especially for the incumbent’s votes. Forth, the negative externality becomes more severe in the large districts. It indicates that the intraparty competition is more brutal when the coordination mechanism fails to function corresponding to larger district magnitude.
期刊論文
1.Nathan, Andrew.(1993)。The Legislative Yuan Election in Taiwan: Consequences of the Electoral System。Asian Survey，33(4)，424-438。  new window
2.王鼎銘(20071100)。臺灣政治獻金法及參選人政治獻金資料之實證研究。選舉研究，14(2)，121-144。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Richardson, Bradley M.(198809)。Constituency Candidates versus Parties in Japanese Voting Behavior。American Political Science Review，82(3)，695-718。  new window
4.Cox, Gary W.、Rosenbluth, Frances McCall(1996)。Factional Competition for the Party Endorsement。British Journal of Political Science，26(2)，259-269。  new window
5.Cox, Gary W.、Thies, Michael F.(199806)。The Cost of Intraparty Competition: The Single Nontranferable Vote and Money Politics in Japan。Comparative Political Studies，31(3)，267-291。  new window
6.Lau, Richard R.、Pomper, Gerald M.、Pomper, G.(2002)。Effectiveness of Negative Campaigning in U.S. Senate Elections。American Journal of Political Science，46(1)，47-66。  new window
7.Cox, Gary W.、Niou, Emerson M. S.(1994)。Seat Bonuses Under the Single Nontransferable Vote System: Evidence From Japan and Taiwan。Comparative Politics，26(2)，221-236。  new window
8.Cox, Gary W.、Rosenbluth, Frances(1994)。Reducing Nomination Errors: Factional Competition and Party Strategy in Japan。Electoral Studies，13(1)，4-16。  new window
9.Sakamoto, Takayuki(1999)。Explaining Electoral Reform: Japan versus Italy and New Zealand。Party Politics，5(4)，419-438。  new window
10.Abramowitz, Alan I.(1988)。Explaining Senate Election Outcomes。American Political Science Review，82(2)，385-403。  new window
11.Cox, Gary W.、Rosenbluth, Frances McCall(1993)。The Electoral Fortunes of Legislative Factions in Japan。American Political Science Review，87(3)，577-589。  new window
12.王中天(20080500)。SNTV的政黨失誤類型之探討、測量與運用：以臺灣立法院選舉為例(1992-2004)。選舉研究，15(1)，51-72。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.吳重禮(20020500)。SNTV的省思--弊端肇因或是代罪羔羊？。問題與研究，41(3)，45-60。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.王鼎銘(20030300)。策略投票及其影響之檢測：二○○一年縣市長及立委選舉結果的探討。東吳政治學報，16，95-123。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.李冠成、劉從葦(20080500)。「M+1」法則與有效候選人數的實證分析：以1989年至2004年臺灣地區立法委員選舉為例。選舉研究，15(1)，73-107。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.王鼎銘(20030500)。政策認同下的投票效用與選擇：空間投票理論在不同選舉制度間的比較。選舉研究，10(1)，171-206。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.王業立(19950500)。單記非讓渡投票制的政治影響：我國民意代表選舉制度的探討。選舉研究，2(1)，147-167。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.王鼎銘(20050300)。負面競選對2002年高雄市選情影響的探討。東吳政治學報，20，83-114。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.黃秀端(20010900)。單一選區與複數選區相對多數制下的選民策略投票。東吳政治學報，13，37-75。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.Green, Donald Philip、Krasno, Jonathan S.(1990)。Rebuttal to Jacobson’s ‘New Evidence for Old Arguments’。American Journal of Political Science，34(2)，363-372。  new window
21.Abramowitz, Alan I.(1991)。Incumbency, Campaign Spending, and the Decline of Competition in U.S. House Elections。American Political Science Review，53(1)，34-56。  new window
22.Ansolabehere, Stephen、Gerber, Alan.(1994)。The Mismeasure of Campaign Spending: Evidence from the 1990 U.S. House Elections。The Journal of Politics，56(4)，1106-1118。  new window
23.Bardwell, Kedron.(2002)。Money and Challenger Emergence in Gubernatorial Primaries。Political Research Quarterly，55(3)，653 -667。  new window
24.Bardwell, Kedron.(2005)。Reevaluating Spending in Gubernatorial Races: Job Approval as a Baseline for Spending Effects。Political Research Quarterly，58(1)，97-105。  new window
25.Bartels, Larry.(1985)。Alternative Misspecifications in Simultaneous-Equation Models。Political Methodology，11，181-199。  new window
26.Bartels, Larry.(1991)。Instrumental and Quasi-Instrumental Variables。American Journal of Political Science，35(3)，777-800。  new window
27.Beyle, Thad L.(1996)。The Cost of Winning。State Government News，39，10-14。  new window
28.Coates, Dennis(1998)。Additional Incumbent Spending Really Can Harm (at Least Some) Incumbents: An Analysis of Vote Share Maximization。Public Choice，95(1/2)，63-87。  new window
29.Coleman, John J.、Paul F. Manna.(2000)。Congressional Campaign Spending and the Quality of Democracy。The Journal of Politics，62(3)，757-789。  new window
30.Welch, William.(1976)。The Effectiveness of Expenditures in State Legislative Races。American Politics Quarterly，4，336-356。  new window
31.Gerber, Alan.(1998)。Estimating the Effect of Campaign Spending on Senate Election Outcomes Using Instrumental Variables。American Political Science Review，92(2)，401-411。  new window
32.Gierzynski, Anthony、Breaux, David.(1991)。Money and Votes in State Legislative Elections。Legislative Studies Quarterly，16(2)，203-217。  new window
33.Green, Donald Philip、Krasno, Jonathan S.(1988)。Salvation for the Spendthrift Incumbent: Reestimating the Effects of Campaign Spending in House Elections。American Journal of Political Science，32(4)，884-907。  new window
34.Howell, Susan E.(1982)。Campaign Activities and State Election Outcomes。Political Behavior，4(4)，401-417。  new window
35.Jacobson, Gary C.(1978)。The Effects of Campaign Spending in Congressional Elections。American Political Science Review，72(2)，469-491。  new window
36.Jacobson, Gary C.(1990)。The Effects of Campaign Spending in House Elections: New Evidence for Old Arguments。American Journal of Political Science，34(2)，334-362。  new window
37.Breaux, David A.、Gierzynski, Anthony.(1991)。It’s Money that Matters: Campaign Expenditures and State Legislative Primaries。Legislative Studies Quarterly，16(3)，429-442。  new window
38.Calderira, Gregory、Patterson, Samuel.(1982)。Bringing Home the Votes: Electoral Outcomes in State Legislative Races。Political Behavior，4(1)，33-67。  new window
39.Lau, Richard R.(1982)。Negativity in Political Perceptions。Political Behavior，4(4)，353- 378。  new window
40.Lau, Richard R.(1985)。Two Explanations for Negativity Effects in Political Behaviors。American Journal of Political Science，29(1)，119-138。  new window
41.Mueller, Dennis C.、Stratmann, Thomas.(1994)。Informative and Persuasive Campaigning。Public Choice，81(1/2)，55-77。  new window
42.Thomas, Scott.(1989)。Do Incumbent Campaign Expenditures Matter。The Journal of Politics，51(4)，965-976。  new window
43.Trucker, Harvey、Weber, Ronald.(1987)。State Legislative Election Outcomes: Contextual Effects and Legislative Performance Effects。Legislative Studies Quarterly，12(4)，537-553。  new window
圖書
1.Gujarati, Damodar N.(2003)。Basic Econometrics。Boston, MA：McGraw-Hill。  new window
2.Cox, Gary W.(1997)。Making Votes Count。Cambridge。  new window
3.Farrell, David M.(2001)。Electoral Systems: A Comparative Introduction。New York：Palgrave。  new window
4.Katz, Richard S.(1980)。A Theory of Parties and Electoral Systems。Baltimore, Maryland：The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
5.Greene, William H.(2003)。Econometric analysis。Prentice Education。  new window
6.Mackie, Thomas T.、Rose, Richard(1991)。The International Almanac of Electoral History。Washington, D. C.：Congressional Quarterly。  new window
7.Jacobson, Gary C.(2000)。The Politics of Congressional Elections。New York：Longman。  new window
8.Lijphart, Arend(1984)。Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries。Yale University Press。  new window
9.王業立(2008)。比較選舉制度。五南。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Kennedy, Peter.(1985)。A Guide 10 Econometrics。Oxford。  new window
11.Ferguson, Thomas.(1995)。Golden Rule: The Investment Theory of Party Competition and the Logic of Money-Driven Political Systems。Chicago。  new window
12.Fomby, Thomas、Carter Hill、Stanley Johnson.(1984)。Advanced Economtric Methods。New York。  new window
其他
1.監察院(2004)。第六屆立委選舉政治獻金會計報告書，台北。  延伸查詢new window
2.中央選舉委員會(2004)。第06屆立法委員選舉區域候選人得票概況，選舉資料庫，http://117.56.211.222， 20090131。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Lijphart, Arend、Pintor, Rafael Lopez、Sone, Yasunori(1986)。The Limited Vote and the Single Nontransferable Vote: Lessons from the Japanese and Spanish Examples。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York：Agathon Press, Inc.。  new window
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
QR Code
QRCODE

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

目前上線人數：688（臺灣：679，外國：9） ／ 本年度總使用人次：1348743 ／ 訪客人次（自102年09月）：67156405
國家圖書館著作權聲明 Copyright © 2013 All rights reserved.
本館地址: 100201臺北市中山南路20號． 本館地圖及交通資訊．
總機：(02)23619132．最佳瀏覽解析度為1024x768以上