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題名：「後」現代李爾王
書刊名：社會政策與社會工作學刊
作者：張英陣 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chang, Ying-chen
出版日期：2014
卷期：18:1
頁次：頁45-88
主題關鍵詞：珍．亞當斯；社會工作；職場抗拒；新自由主義；Jane Addams；Social work；Workplace resistance；Neoliberalism
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:123
  • 點閱點閱:185
1894年5月美國芝加哥爆發了影響往後全球勞工運動甚深的普爾曼罷工事件。社會工作先驅珍．亞當斯曾參與這次罷工事件的仲裁工作，事後她於1896年引用莎士比亞的著名悲劇《李爾王》中的情節來比喻該事件，寫了一篇評論名之為〈現代李爾王〉。她這篇文章內容與表達形式具有爭議性，直到1912年年底才正式出版。該篇文章最主要的目的是從社會倫理的角度討論工業化社會中的勞資關係。亞當斯所批評的李爾王和罷工事件中的資本家普爾曼，都帶有濃厚個人主義與家長式作風，著重追求自己的權力與商業利益，而不尊重女兒與員工的想法。而亞當斯所強調的社會倫理是以同情的理解與社會民主促成社會全面性的進步。本文從亞當斯的社會倫理哲學出發，檢視當今社會工作受到新自由主義與新管理主義的影響，以市場導向與預算導向為原則，而使得社會工作逐漸忘卻其追求社會改革的使命。雖然社會工作者也曾發動有組織性的抗拒，但平時仍舊是採取低咖啡因的抗拒居多。以低咖啡因的抗拒來面對新自由主義，顯然它的社會轉型效果不彰。固然採用阿Q精神與什維克主義是有些無奈，但畢竟還是比較安全的方式。雖然社會工作所處的環境是一個市場化與商品化的社會，它的價值與社會工作的使命有明顯的對立衝突。當前社會工作的工作條件仍是工時長、負荷高、薪資不合理，但是社會工作者所要爭取的不只是社工員的權益，更重要的是弱勢族群的福祉與社會工作使命的實踐。我們也願意相信，以現況而言能阻止進一步的新自由主義化都是值得慶賀的發展。社會工作面對新自由主義的戰鬥是一場理念、道德與政治的戰爭，明知這是難以致勝的戰爭，但社會工作仍值得我們再奮戰。雖然新自由主義一再灌輸我們，市場「是一條別無選擇的道路」。由於社會工作保有古典的悲劇情愫，我們堅信除了新自由主義之外的「另一個世界是可能的，也是必須的」。
The Pullman Strike of 1894, possibly the most famous strike in American labour history, influenced the global labour movement afterward. Jane Addams was involved in negotiation between the employer and employees of Pullman Company but failed. Addams wrote a critique on the Pullman Strike titled 'A Modern Lear' in 1886. The controversial message of 'A Modern Lear' finally published until 1912. The most developed part of her analysis compared George Pullman with Shakespeare's King Lear. At the heart of that comparison laid her belief that both Lear and Pullman held individualistic and patriarchal mentality. They both used power on their own but could not acknowledge that his daughters and his workers were capable of assessing their needs and making right decisions. Addams makes a clear statement about the connections between sympathetic understanding and social democracy. Under the influence of Neoliberalism and New Public Management, social work practice was driven by the free market and strict budget control. Social work has lost its mission on social reform. Even though social workers have initiated organized resistance in every part most social workers usually adopt routine resistance in their workplaces. Routine and covert resistance is kind of decaf resistance. Decaf, because it threatens nobody and changes very little. Such forms of resistance serve a therapeutic rather than transformative function. Svejkism is not open protest, its style ironical and cynical. It is a weapon of the oppressed, but does not necessarily to change the status quo. The radical changes in social work were marked by the encapsulation of marketisation and commodification which contradict the very essence of social work value. Under hegemonic Neoliberalism, social workers still fight not for their benefits only, but for the well-being of the disadvantages and for mission of social justice. In the current context, even just checking further neoliberalisation would be a welcome development. Fighting Neoliberalism is a holy war for ideals, morality and democracy. The defenders of Neoliberalism always remind us that ' there in no alternatives'. However, with the pathos of classical tragedy in social work, we assuredly believe that 'another world is possible and necessary.'
期刊論文
1.黃義銓、蔡昌言、林昌平(20121200)。日本勞動派遣社會政策之探討：由勞工保護的觀點分析勞動派遣事業的角色與影響。社會政策與社會工作學刊，16(2)，141-190。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.王志輝(20060700)。黑格爾之悲劇理論：希臘悲劇作為一「主體性的經驗」。國立政治大學哲學學報，16，61-105。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.汪淑媛(20130600)。影響家暴防治社工身心安全之風險因素分析。社會政策與社會工作學刊，17(1)，175-215。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.萬心蕊、劉蓉台(20111200)。後現代思潮中精神醫療社會工作發展的另類可能。社區發展季刊，136，232-250。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Acker, G. M.、Lawrence, D.(2009)。Social Work and Managed Care: Measuring Competence, Bumout, and Role Stress of Workers Providing Mental Health Services in a Managed Care Era。Journal of Social Work，9(3)，269-283。  new window
6.Alvesson, M.、Willmott, H.(1992)。On the idea of emancipation in management and organization studies。The Academy of Management Review，17(3)，432-464。  new window
7.Boyer, George R.(1998)。The Historical Background of the Communist Manifesto。The Journal of Economic Perspectives，12(4)，151-174。  new window
8.Braye, S.、Preston-Shoot, M.(2006)。Broadening the Vision: Law Teaching, Social Work and Civil Society。International Social Work，49(3)，376-389。  new window
9.Cahill, D.(2011)。Beyond Neoliberalism? Crisis and the Prospects for Progressive Altematives。New Political Science，33(4)，479-492。  new window
10.Carey, M.(2003)。Anatomy of a Care Manager。Work, Employment and Society，17(1)，121-135。  new window
11.Carey, M.(2007)。White-Collar Proletariat?: Braverman, the Deskilling/Upskilling of Social Work and Paradoxical Life of the Agency Care Manager。Journal ofSocial Work，7(1)，93-114。  new window
12.Carey, M.(2008)。The Quasi-Market Revolution in the Head: Ideology, Discourse, Care Management。Journal of Social Work，8(4)，341-362。  new window
13.Carter, H. W.(2010)。Scab Ministers, Striking Saints: Christianity and Class Conflict in 1894 Chicago。American Nineteenth Century History，11(3)，321-349。  new window
14.Contu, A.(2008)。Decaf Resistance: On Misbehavior, Cynicism, and Desire in Liberal Workplaces。Management Communication Quarterly，21(3)，364-379。  new window
15.Dustin, D.(2006)。Skills and Knowledge Needed to Practice as A Care Manager: Continuity and Change。Journal of Social Work，6(3)，293-313。  new window
16.Ely, R. T.(1885)。Pullman: A Social Study。Harper's Magazine，70，452-466。  new window
17.Ferguson, I.、Lavalette, M.(2006)。Globalization and Global justice: Towards a Social Work of Resistance。International Social Work，49(3)，309-318。  new window
18.Fleming, P.(2005)。Metaphors of Resistance。Management Communication Quarterly，19(1)，45-66。  new window
19.Fleming, P.、Sewell, G.(2002)。Looking for the Good Soldier, Švejk: Alternative Modalities of Resistance in the Contemporary Workplace。Sociology，36(4)，857-873。  new window
20.Garrett, P. M.(2009)。Marx and "Modernization": Reading Capital as Social Critique and Inspiration for Social Work Resistance to Neoliberalism。Journal of Social Work，9(2)，199-221。  new window
21.Harlow, E.、Berg, E.、Barry, J.、Chandler, J.(2013)。Neoliberalism, Managerialism and the Reconfiguring of Social Work in Sweden and the United Kingdom。Organization，20(4)，534-550。  new window
22.Hassard, J.、Hogan, J.、Rowlinson, M.(2001)。From Labor Process Theory to Critical Management Studies。Administrative Theory Praxis，23(3)，339-362。  new window
23.Hollander, J. A.、Einwohner, R. L.(2004)。Conceptualizing esistance。Sociological Forum，19(4)，533-554。  new window
24.Jones, M.(2000)。Hope and Despair at the Front Line: Observations on Integrity and Change in the Human Services。International Social Work，43(3)，365-380。  new window
25.Knight, L. W.(1997)。Biography's Window on Social Change: Benevolence and Justice in Jane Addams's "A Modern Lear"。Journal of Women's History，9(1)，111-138。  new window
26.Lindsey, A.(1939)。Patemalism and the Pullman Strike。The American Historical Review，44(2)，272-328。  new window
27.McMillan, G.(2002)。Keeping the Conversation Going: Jane Addams' Rhetorical Strategies in "A Modern Lear"。Rhetoric Society Quarterly，32(3)，61-75。  new window
28.Montgomery, D.(1999)。Epilogue: The Pullman Boycott and the Making ofModem America。The Pullman Strike αnd the Crisis of the 1890s: Essays on Labor and Politics，234-249。  new window
29.Noble, C.(2004)。Postmodern Thinking: Where is it Taking Social Work。Journal of Social Work，4(3)，289-304。  new window
30.Reisch, M.(2013)。What is the Future of Social Work?。Critical and Radical Social Work，1(1)，67-85。  new window
31.Roche, M. W.(2006)。Introduction to Hegel' s Theory of Tragedy。PhaenEx，1(2)，11-20。  new window
32.Schmidt, V. A.、Thatcher, M.(2013)。Why Are Neo-Liberalism Ideas So Resilient?。Social Europe Journal。  new window
33.Solas, J.(2002)。The Poverty of Postmodern Human Services。Australian Social Work，55(2)，128-135。  new window
34.Staniforth, B.、Fouché, C.、O'Brien, M.(2011)。Stil1 Doing What We Do: Defining Social Work in the 21st Century。Journal of Social Work，11(2)，191-208。  new window
35.Thomas, R.、Davies, A.(2005)。What Have the Feminists Done for Us? Feminist Theory and Organizational Resistance。Organization，12(5)，711-740。  new window
36.Wallace, J.、Pease, B.(2011)。Neoliberalism and Australian Social Work: Accommodation or Resistance?。Journal of Social Work，11(2)，132-142。  new window
37.嚴祥鸞(20100300)。保護性業務社工人力與合理之工作條件。社區發展季刊，129，153-165。new window  延伸查詢new window
38.Jones, C.(2001)。Voice From the Front Line: State Social Workers and New Labour。British Journal of Social Work，31(4)，547-562。  new window
39.林萬億(20101200)。我國社會工作教育的發展：後專業主義的課題。臺大社會工作學刊，22，153-196。new window  延伸查詢new window
40.黃源協(20071200)。專業主義、新管理主義與最佳價值--社會工作專業教育的挑戰與回應。社區發展季刊，120，85-105。new window  延伸查詢new window
41.王增勇(20030900)。照顧與控制之間--以「個案管理」在社工場域的論述實踐為例。臺灣社會研究季刊，51，143-183。new window  延伸查詢new window
42.張如杏(20090100)。臺灣精神醫療社會工作專業發展與危機。臺灣社會工作學刊，6，119+121-145。new window  延伸查詢new window
43.Ferguson, I.、Lavalette, M.(2004)。Beyond Power Discourse: Alienation and Social Work。British Journal of Social Work，34(3)，297-312。  new window
會議論文
1.鐘文鎮、鄭怡世(2011)。社工很「悶」！以接受臺灣聯勸補助之組織的社工員勞動現況為例。「社會工作社會發展：行動與展望」，國際社會福利協會中華民國總會，台灣社會工作教育學會，東吳大學社會工作學系［主辦］ 。臺北：東吳大學城區部。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.臺灣社會工作專業人員協會(2012)。臺灣社會工作人員勞動權益研究報告。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.林歆恩(2013)。新自由主義下的社工自不自由？(碩士論文)。國立暨南國際大學，埔里。  延伸查詢new window
2.侯建州(2012)。管理主義下醫務社會工作專業之研究(博士論文)。國立暨南國際大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Ferguson, I.(2008)。Reclaiming Social Work: Challenging Neo-liberalism and Promoting Social Justice。Los Angeles。  new window
2.Addams, Jane(1912)。A New Conscience and an Ancient Evil。Urbana：Champaign, IL：Univ. of Illinois Press：Book Jungle。  new window
3.Hašek, J.、范文美(2010)。好兵帥克。臺北：志文。  延伸查詢new window
4.香港天主教正義和平委員會(2006)。正義道中尋：天主教社會訓導文獻簡易本。香港：香港天主教正義和平委員會。  延伸查詢new window
5.Shakespeare, W.、孫大雨(1999)。李爾王。臺北：聯經。  延伸查詢new window
6.Addams, J.(1961)。Twenty Years at Hull-House。New York：Signet Classic。  new window
7.Amin, S.(2004)。The Liberal Virus: Permanent War and the Americanization of the World。New York：Monthly Review Press。  new window
8.Attlee, C. R.(1920)。The Social Worker。London：G. Bell and Sons。  new window
9.Bourdieu, P.(1998)。A cts of Resistance: Against the Tyranny of the Market。New York：The New Press。  new window
10.Dustin, D.(2007)。The McDonalization of Social Work。Hampshire：Ashgate。  new window
11.Ferguson, I.、Lavalette, M.、Whitrnore, E.(2005)。Globalisation, Global Justice and Social Work。London：Routledge。  new window
12.Pope Francis(2013)。Evangelii Gaudium (The Joy of Gospel)。Rome：Vatican Press。  new window
13.Taylor, G.(2007)。Ideology and Welfare。New York：Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
14.Thompson, N.(2010)。Theorizing Social Work Practice。Palgrave MacMillan。  new window
15.Addams, J.(2002)。Democracy and Social Ethics。Urbana。  new window
16.Fischer, M.(2004)。On Addams。Tronto：Wadsworth。  new window
17.Pease, B.、Fook, J.(1999)。Transforming Social Work Practice: Postmodern Critical Perspectives。London。  new window
18.Spectht, H.、Courtney, M. E.(1994)。Unfaithful Angels: How Social Work Has Abandoned Its Mission。New York, NY：The Free Press。  new window
19.Braverman, Harry(1974)。Labor and monopoly capital: The degradation of work in the twentieth century。Monthly Review Press。  new window
20.Harris, J.(2003)。The Social Work Business。Routledge。  new window
21.張晉芬(20130000)。勞動社會學。臺北：政大出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.Healy, K.(2005)。Social Work Theories in Context: Creating frameworks for practice。Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
23.Harvey, David(2005)。A Brief History of Neoliberalism。Oxford University Press。  new window
24.Biestek, Felix P.(1957)。The Casework Relationship。Loyola University Press。  new window
25.Fives, A.(2008)。Political and Philosophical Debates in welfare。New York：Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
26.Reisch, M.、Andrews, J.(2001)。The Road not Taken: A History of Radical Social Work in the United States。Bunner-Routledge。  new window
27.Hamington, M.(2009)。The Social Philosophy of Jane Addams。Urbana：University of Illinois Press。  new window
其他
1.Marcu, D. B.(2011)。Social Worker Strike in Israel Brings to Fore Systemic Issues in Social Service Sector，http://eiewishohilanthroov.comlsocial-worker-strike-in-israel-brings-to-fore-svstemic-issues-in-social-service-sector/， 2011/05/11。  new window
圖書論文
1.魯迅(1989)。阿Q正傳。吶喊．徬徨。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.Addams, J.(1912)。A Modem Lear。The Jane Addams Reader。New York：Basic Books。  new window
3.Brown, V.(1999)。Advocate for Democracy: Jane Addams and the Pullman Strike。The Pullman Strike and the Crisis of the 1890s: Essays on Labor and Politics。Urbana：Chicago：University of Illinois Press：University of Illinois Press。  new window
4.Howe, D.(1996)。Surface and Depth in Social Work Practice。Social Theory, Social Change and Social Work。Routledge。  new window
5.Jones, C.(2005)。The Neo-liberal Assault: Voice from the Front Line of British State Social Worker。Globalisation, Global Justice and Social Work。London：Routledge。  new window
6.Langan, M.(2011)。Rediscovering Radicalism and Humanity in Social Work。Radical Social Work: Social Work at the Crossroads。Bristol：The Policy Press。  new window
7.Lavalette, M.(2007)。Social Work Today: A Profession Worth Fighting For?。New Labour/Hard Labour? Restructuring and Resistance inside the Welfare Industry。Bristol：The Policy Press。  new window
8.Lymbery, M.(2000)。The Retreat from Professionalism: From Social Worker to Care Manager。Professionalism, Boundaries, and the Workplace。London：Routledge。  new window
9.Mooney, G.、Law, A.(2007)。New Labour, "Modernisation" and Welfare Worker Resistance。New Labour/Hard Labour? Restructuring and Resistance inside the Welfare Industry。Bristol：The Policy Press。  new window
10.Murtola, A-M.(2012)。Materialist Theology and Anti-Capitalism Resistance, or, "What Would Jesus Buy?"。Organization。  new window
11.Reiff, J. L.(1999)。A Modem Lear and His Daughters: Gender in the Model Town of Pullman。The Pullman Strike and the Crisis of the 1890s: Essays on Labor and Politics。Urbana：Chicago：University of Illinois Press：University of Illinois Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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