Learning and quality of life are correlated. The goal of learning basic competency is to enrich elders' day to day living and improve quality of life, which are the foundation to a successful aging process and a preparation to advanced learning. The purpose of this exploratory study was to identify the need to learn basic competency for the elders and the association between basic competency and quality of life. The subjects were 57 participants in a university affiliated learning unit for seniors called "Senior University". The study tools include two questionnaires: 12 Basic Competencies of the Elderly and WHOQOL-BREF: Taiwan Version. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The goals, curricula design, and instructional contents should be different between the Senior University and other senior learning centers. 2) The curricula and materials for elder's learning basic competencies of could be derived from the Theory of Maslow's Needs. 3) All 12 basic competencies should be included in the core curricula. 4) The Self-Actualization/Transcending needs have the most impact on improving quality of life, followed by the Survive Needs. 5) Educators should stress on Self-Actualization/Transcending Needs in program design and implementation. 6)For learn clearer pictures of the elder's learning basic competencies and quality of life, the researchers should increase the research subjects in the future studies.