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題名：幸福之路：雙重自我建構的分流與匯合
書刊名：中華心理學刊
作者：簡晉龍 引用關係／李美枝／黃囇莉 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chien, Chin-lung／Li, Mei-chih／Huang, Li-li
出版日期：2009
卷期：51:4
頁次：頁453-470
主題關鍵詞：主觀幸福感；自尊；和諧；結構方程模式；雙文化自我；Bicultural self；Harmony；Self-esteem；Structural equation modeling；Subjective well-being
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(26) 博士論文(4) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:23
  • 共同引用共同引用:416
  • 點閱點閱:582
根據文化比較的觀點，兩種自我建構分別經由不同的中介因子獲得幸福感，獨立自我透過提升自尊而達幸福感，相依自我則藉由相融和諧產生幸福感。本研究論證，當相依自我與重要他人有相融和諧關係時，也可提升自我價值（自尊），進而產生幸福感；但相依自我因過度自我批評而對自尊有負面效果，進而損及主觀幸福感。綜合這些論述，本研究提出「自我建構與幸福感之多重路徑模式」，且以實徵資料進行檢驗。本研究以台灣民眾為對象，以問卷調查法蒐集資料，共回收有效問卷401份。測量的變項包括：獨立自我、相依自我、整體自尊、相融和諧、主觀幸福感（包括生活滿意、正向情緒、負向情緒）。研究結果顯示：台灣民眾在相依自我與獨立自我的分數均有偏高趨勢，且相依自我強度高於獨立自我強度。結構方程模式的分析顯示：「多重路徑模式」為一適配模式，且路徑係數皆符合預期。相依自我與獨立自我在追求幸福的路上並非全然分流，「整體自尊」是兩者的「匯合」之處；不同自我建構在達到幸福感的過程中，呈現出既分且合的多重路徑之面貌。最後，討論本研究之限制，研究結果之啟發及未來研究方向。
This study aimed to explore and verify the multiple paths from the double self-construals (independent self and interdependent self) to subjective well-being (SWB). From the cross-cultural viewpoint, independent self was proposed to be the predictor of SWB, acting through the mediating variable "global self-esteem"; whereas interdependent self was the predictor of SWB, acting through "fitting-harmony". Besides the two selves' divergent ways toward SWB, a way converging on self-esteem was proposed in this study. That is, fitting-harmony was hypothesized to be an important domain on which self-esteem is contingent; therefore, self-esteem might also be a mediator for the interdependent self to SWB. However, interdependent self might have a negative direct effect on self-esteem, which could cause damage to SWB. As mentioned above, the "multiple causal pathway model" (MCPM) was constructed for empirical investigation. A survey was conducted to a Taiwanese sample, and 401 valid questionnaires were collected and used for this study. Participants completed the items of measurement scales for independent self, interdependent self, self-esteem, fitting-harmony, and SWB. The results indicated that the strengths of both selves were high in the Taiwanese sample, and the strength of interdependent self was even higher than that of independent self. Most importantly, it was verified that MCPM tested by structural equation modeling was theoretically acceptable, and the multiple (divergent and convergent) paths from two self-construals to SWB were supported. Finally, the limitations, implications, and future research directions were discussed.
期刊論文
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4.施建彬(20060100)。大學生休閑活動參與對幸福感的影響--以大葉大學為例。研究與動態，13，131-144。  延伸查詢new window
5.Markus, Hazel Rose、Kitayama, Shinobu(1991)。Cultural and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation。Psychological Review，98(2)，224-253。  new window
6.吳宗祐(20080600)。由不當督導到情緒耗竭：部屬正義知覺與情緒勞動的中介效果。中華心理學刊，50(2)，201-221。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Suh, E.、Diener, E.、Fujita, F.(1996)。Events and subjective well-being: Only recent events matter。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，70(5)，1091-1102。  new window
8.Kwan, V. S. Y.、Bond, M. H.、Singelis, T. M.(1997)。Pancultural explanations for life satisfaction: Adding relationship harmony to self-esteem。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，73(5)，1038-1051。  new window
9.曾文志(20070600)。大學生對美好生活的常識概念與主觀幸福感之研究。教育心理學報，38(4)，417-441。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Diener, Ed、Oishi, Shigehiro、Lucas, Richard E.(2003)。Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life。Annual Review of Psychology，54(1)，403-425。  new window
11.Singelis, Theodore M.(1994)。The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，20(5)，580-591。  new window
12.Anderson, James C.、Gerbing, David W.(1988)。Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach。Psychological Bulletin，103(3)，411-423。  new window
13.Diener, Edward D.、Emmons, Robert A.、Larsen, Randy J.、Griffin, Sharon(1985)。The satisfaction with life scale。Journal of Personality Assessment，49(1)，71-75。  new window
14.Ryff, C. D.、Keyes, C. L. M.(1995)。The structure of psychological well-being revisited。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，69(4)，719-727。  new window
15.韓貴香(20031200)。自我概念差異、不同生活向度滿足與正、負向情感感受之關係--以臺灣女性幼教老師為例。中華心理衛生學刊，16(4)，1-22。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Lu, Luo、Yang, Kuo-Shu(2006)。Emergence and composition of the traditional-modern bicultural self of people in contemporary Taiwanese societies。Asian Journal of Social Psychology，9(3)，167-175。  new window
17.陸洛(19980100)。中國人幸福感之內涵、測量及相關因素探討。國家科學委員會研究彙刊. 人文及社會科學，8(1)，115-137。  延伸查詢new window
18.Diener, Edward、Suh, Eunkook M.、Lucas, Richard E.、Smith, Heidi L.(1999)。Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress。Psychological Bulletin，125(2)，276-302。  new window
19.Little, Todd D.、Cunningham, William A.、Shahar, Golan、Widaman, Keith F.(2002)。To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits。Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal，9(2)，151-173。  new window
20.黃光國(20041200)。儒家社會中的生活目標與角色義務。本土心理學研究，22，121-193。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.楊國樞(20041200)。華人自我的理論分析與實徵研究：社會取向與個人取向的觀點。本土心理學研究，22，11-80。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.Pavot, W.、Diener, E.(1993)。Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale。Psychological Assessment，5(2)，164-172。  new window
23.Hong, Ying Yi、Morris, Michael W.、Chiu, Chi Yue、Benet-Martínez, Verónica(2000)。Multicultural minds: A dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition。American Psychologist，55(7)，709-720。  new window
24.Campbell, Angus(1976)。Subjective measures of well-being。American psychologist，31(2)，117-124。  new window
25.Diener, Edward(2000)。Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index。American Psychologist，55(1)，34-43。  new window
26.Fredrickson, Barbara L.(2001)。The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions。American Psychologist，56(3)，218-226。  new window
27.Hu, Li-tze、Bentler, Peter M.(1998)。Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification。Psychological Methods，3(4)，424-453。  new window
28.Buss, David M.(2000)。The Evolution of Happiness。American Psychologist，55(1)，15-23。  new window
29.Bushman, B. J.、Baumeister, R. F.。Threatened Egotism, Narcissism, Self-esteem, and Direct and Displaced Aggression: Self-love or Self-hate Lead to Violence?。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，75，219-229。  new window
30.Cheng, H.、Furnham, A.。Personality, Selfesteem, and Demographic Predictions of Happiness and Depression。Personality and Individual Differences，34，921-942。  new window
31.Crocker, J.、Wolfe, C. T.。Contingencies of Selfworth。Psychological Review，108，593-623。  new window
32.Diener, E.、Smith, H.、Fujita, F.。The Personality Structure of Affect。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，69，130-141。  new window
33.Hannover, B.、Pöhlmann, C.、Springer, A.、Roeder, U.。Implications of Independent Versus Interdependent Self-knowledge for Motivated Social Cognition: The Semantic Procedural Interface Model of the Self。Self and Identity，4，159-175。  new window
34.Heine, S. J.、Kitayama, S.、Lehman, D. R.、Takata, T.、Ide, E.、Leung, C.。Divergent Consequences of Success and Failure in Japan and North America: An Investigation of Self-improvement Motivations and Malleable Selves。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，81，599-615。  new window
35.Kitayama, S.、Markus, H. R.、Matsumoto, H.、Norasakkunkit, V.。Individual and Collective Processes in the Construction of the Self: Selfenhancement in the United States and Self-criticism in Japan。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，72，1245-1267。  new window
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37.Sedikides, C.、Gaertner, L.、Toguchi, Y.。Pancultural Self-enhancement。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，84，60-79。  new window
38.Singelis, T. M.、Bond, M. H.、Sharkey, W. F.、Lai, C. S. Y.。Unpackaging Cultural Influence on Self-esteem and Embarrassability: The Role of Selfconstruals。Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology，30，315-341。  new window
39.Triandis, H. C.。Cross-cultural Psychology。Asian Journal of Social Psychology，2，127-143。  new window
40.Uleman, J. S.、Rhee, E.、Bardoliwalla, N.、Semin, G.、Toyama, M.。The Relational Self: Closeness to Ingroups Depends on Who they Are, Culture, and the Type of Closeness。Asian Journal of Social Psychology，3，1-17。  new window
會議論文
1.李美枝。集體文化中嬰幼兒的睡眠安排與相依我特質之初始發展的關係。宜蘭。  延伸查詢new window
2.翁嘉英、楊國樞。社會取向與個人取向的自尊：概念分析與實徵測。宜蘭。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.黃光國(2005)。論華人的關係主義 : 理論的建構與方法論的考量。儒家關係主義 : 文化反思與典範重建。臺北：國立臺灣大學出版中心。  延伸查詢new window
2.邱皓政(2006)。結構方程式模式：LISREL 的理論、技術與應用。台北：雙葉。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃囇莉(19990000)。人際和諧與衝突：本土化的理論與研究。臺北市：桂冠。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Hair, Joseph F. Jr.、Black, William C.、Babin, Barry J.、Anderson, Rolph E.、Tatham, Ronald L.(2006)。Multivariate data analysis。Pearson Prentice Hall。  new window
5.潘君鳳、楊國樞、許功餘。華人特質自尊與狀態自尊的關係：社會取向與個人取向的觀點。中國人的自我：心理學的分析。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
6.羅勃．歐恩斯坦、大衛．索伯。愈快樂，愈健康。愈快樂，愈健康。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
7.Blascovich, J.、Tomaka, J.。Measures of Selfesteem。Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes。New York, NY。  new window
8.Yang, K. S.。Beyond Maslow's Culture-bound Linear Theory: A Preliminary Statement of the Double-Y Model of Basic Human Needs。Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Vol. 49: Cross-cultural Differences in the Perspectives on the Self。Lincoln, NE。  new window
圖書論文
1.Kitayama, S.、Markus, H. R.(2000)。The pursuit of happiness and the realization of sympathy: Cultural patterns of self, social relations, and well-being。Culture and subjective well-being。MIT Press。  new window
2.翁嘉英、許燕、楊國樞(2008)。華人多元自尊的概念分析與量表建構：本土化觀點。中國人的自我：心理學的分析。臺北：台大出版中心。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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