日據時代的臺灣新文學，在光復之後，由於政治上的禁忌，不再被人提起，逐漸被 人所遺忘。七十年代鄉土文學興起；鄉土文學反對光復以來國民黨在文化上的全盤西化政策， 提出“回歸鄉土”的口號。日據時代的新文學因此被當作具有中國民族主義傾向的作品而重 新被發現。但到了八十年代，臺灣的本土政治勢力逐漸興起，臺獨思想盛行，臺灣文學又被 當作臺灣人在文化、文學上追求“自主性”的一種證明。這時的論述是以“臺灣文學”來對 抗“中國文學”，迥異於七十年代。本文追溯七、八十年代這一過程的變遷，並說明這整個 階段日據時代臺灣新文學被發現、被詮釋的整體狀況。

　　　　　After 1945, when Taiwan was returned to China, the "Taiwanese New Literature" of the Japanese occupation period was no longer talked about and gradually forgotten, largely because of political taboo. In the 1970s, the rise of "home-land" literature was set against Nationalist regime's cultural westernization policy and hence proposed the "returning to home-land" as its central logan. Under such condition, the "Taiwanese new literature" of the Japanese occupation period was rediscovered as literary work with Chinese nationalist tendency. But, in the 1980s when Taiwanese nativist political power was on the rise and the idea of Taiwan Independence prevailed, Taiwanese literature was then seen as an evidence for the Taiwanese search for "autonomy" on the cultural and literary planes. From this moment on, different from the 1970s, the discursive shift has been to use "Taiwanese literature" against "Chinese literature". This essay traces the processes of the shifts from the 1970s to the 1980s, and analyzes the overall conditions from which "Taiwanese new literature" was rediscovered and reinterpreted.