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題名:集團企業組織文化、決策模式與經營策略之研究:中美日德主要集團企業運作模式之實證分析
書刊名:交大管理學報
作者:吳萬益 引用關係陳淑惠
作者(外文):Wu, Wann-yihChen, Shu-hui
出版日期:1999
卷期:19:2
頁次:頁131-179
主題關鍵詞:集團企業組織文化決策模式經營策略經營績效ConglomerateOrganizational cultureDecisiona making styleManagement strategyManagement performance
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:5
  • 共同引用共同引用:126
  • 點閱點閱:61
     多年來,企業基於國際化全球策略運作之考慮,常常進行策略聯盟或購併,以保持其競爭力,因而集團企業之型態於焉形成。隨著區域性經濟體的產生,國家總體競爭力的課題日益受重視,而企業集團在一國經濟體系舉足輕重的地位更加浮現。世界上主要企業集團的運作模式有美國Conglomerate、日本Keiretsu、德國Konzern、韓國Chaebol與墨西哥Gmpos等;過去有關集團企業之研究中,曾針對以上國家之企業集團的特性加以比較,但其研究之架構比較片面性,未能涵蓋較多變數,而且多半是由U.S﹒Conglomerate之角度去比較具與日德韓墨集團企業在組織運作之差異性。 本研究因此認為有必要就中美日德等國集團企業之運作特性進行一系列的探討,並進一步研究這些企業在組織文化、決策模式與經營策略等方面之運作特性及互動關係。本研究之主要目的在於探討:(l)中美日德等國集團企業之形成過程及其與該國文化傳統與歷史背景之關係;(2)以上四個不同國家之集團企業其組織文化,決策模式與經營策略等構面因素之運作特性;(3)企業集團其組織文化、決策模式與經營策略等構面因素間的互動關係。 研究之結果顯示,就整體而言,集團企業之組織運作特性傾向採取比較Bottom-up directing的方式來運作整個集團,領導與決策的型態比較傾向分權自主,強調非正式化的溝通網路。就個別國家集團企業之運作特性而言,臺灣集團企業較重視冒險創新、生產效率及永續與穩定的經營。日本集團企業最傾向共識型(consensus)之領導模式,強調群體和諧與群體責任的決策模式。美國集團企業最強調個人能力,企業家精神及任務達成之成就感。德國集團企業則最重視協調與組織,忠誠與傳統及成長與新資源的掌控。
     Recently, firms have been pursuing the strategic alliances or mergers and acquisitions based on the global operations to keep their competitive advantages. And as the regional economic systems being increasingly developed, the overall competitiveness for the nation has gained more and more emphases. Therefore, the conglomerate business operation has played its critical role for the specific national economic development. Previous researches on the existing patterns of conglomerate businesses including U.S. conglomerate, Japanese Keiretsu, Korean Chaebol, and German Konzern have all focused on the comparison of their organizational characteristics. Yet their research frameworks have been less integrated and have been more based on the viewpoint of the U.S. conglomerates' operations. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the operational characteristics of these conglomerate businesses and compare the differences and interactions of their organizational culture, decision making styles, and management strategies. And the purposes of this study are to explore: (1) the formation and evolution process of the five patterns of conglomerate businesses, and the relationships between their national traditions and historic contexts; (2) the differences and interactions of the organizational culture, decision making styles, and management strategies of these conglomerate businesses. The study results show that the conglomerate businesses are more bottom-up directing oriented and more autonomous, by emphasizing informal communication. The results also show that Taiwanese Family Clan tends to emphasize the importance of innovation, efficiency and stability. Japanese Keiretsu is more oriented toward consensus decision making style and emphasizes group harmony and formalization structure. The U.S. conglomerate tends to emphasize individual capability entrapreuership and the achievements of mission fulfillment. Finally, German Konzern is more inclined to emphasize the importance of growth, tradition and coordination.
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