在探討職業階層與價值觀、心理態度、行為方式的關連性之社會學研究中，Kohn 等人多年來所作的研究可說最具代表性。他們的研究從美國開始，隨後並擴大成跨國比較 研究，不論是在研究方法或理論的延伸上，都有著累積性的發展o固然Kohn 的理論早已引 起各國社會學家的廣汎注意與檢證，然而在臺灣針對這項理論作有系統地嚴格檢證之研究 ，還不是作得很充份o本研究則運用了「臺灣地區社會變遷調查」全國性大樣本資料，來 檢證Kohn的理論中有關社會階層變項，如職業，對於子女管教所強調的價值觀，以及子女 管教方式之影響的假設。研究發現顯示，臺灣地區民眾對於子女之管教，正如Kohn 的理 論所說的，與勞動工人 (工人階級 ) 相較， 中產階級 (白領職業工作者 )，對於子女管教 比較重視獨立、負責的價值，當子女做錯事時，比較少採用屬於體罰的外在控制；即使要處 罰子女，也要視他們犯錯的意圖而定，當子女表現特別好的時候，並傾向採用口頭稱讚的內 在控。反之，勞動工人比較重視服從的價值，處罰子女視犯錯的結果而定，並傾向採用體罰 ，當子女表現特別好時，較少口頭稱讚。不過又根據本研究所作的進一步分析，在控制教育 之後，中產階級與勞動工人在上述許多子女管教價值、方式上的差別，於大樣本的情況下， 仍然大都變得不顯著。中產階級與勞動工人子女管教價值、方式上的差別，主要是兩者的教 育不同所致， 而不能歸因於職業經驗或工作狀況之不同，Kohn 的理論並不能用來解釋臺灣 地區不同職業者所具有的不同子女管教價值、方式。在臺灣地區，隨著在學校接受教育的年 數增加，教育程度提高，而越加強調獨立、負責，以及內在控制，越不強調服從與外在控制 ，而中產階級的教育程度又比勞動工人高，中產階級與勞動工人的子女管教價值、方式上也 就有了差別。

　　　　　In the sociological studies of exploring the relationships between occupation, values, psychological attitudes and behavior modes. Kohn's etc. years studies could be the most representative ones. Their studies started from the U.S.A,and then enlarged to be the cross-nationalcomparisions, no matter the research methods of theheoretical extension, are both accumulative developments. Though Kohn's theory has been noticed and inspected wildly by the sociologists in other countries. However, we haven't done the systematic, critical test to this theory well in Taiwan. In this study, we use the national large sample data of "Social Change in Taiwan", to test Kohn's theory. According to the study, the parental values and behavior modesin Taiwan appear the same as Kohn's theory, compare with blue-colar workers(working class),the middle clas (white-colar workers) pay more attention to the values of independence and responsibility. When their children make mistakes, they take less physical punishment which belongs to the external control, even if they want to punish their children, it should depends on the intention. When children behave themselves specially, the parents tend to take the internal control of oral praise. On the contray, the blue-colar workers pay more attention to the intention. When children behave themselves specially, the parents tend to take the internal control of oral praise. On the contray, the blue-colar workers pay more attention to the values of obedience, punishing their children depends on the results of mistakes that children made, and tend to physical punishment, when their children are well-behaved,there is less oral praise. Furthermore, according to the futher study and analysis after we control the education, the difference on the parental values and behavior modes between the middle class and blue-colar workers in large samples, are not so significant. The main reasons of the differences between these two groups are just because of the education, we can't be used to explain the different parental values and behavior modes of the different occupational workers by different job conditions which Kohn emphasized. In Taiwan, accord with the increasing of the study years at school, and the raising of the education, to emphasize the independence, responsibility and internal control, but not to emphasize the obedience and external control. The education of th emiddle class is higher than blue-colar workers, the parental values and behavior modes would would be different between the middle class and blue-colar workers.