本文旨在「系統」與「他者」兩條思路的交織之下，重訪朱熹思想。 朱熹是一大體系的建造者，就建構體系是思想家負責任的表現而言，朱熹對於後現代思潮應該有所啟示。另一方面，「他者」是人生與存在的重要向度，在後現代思潮中特別加以強調，以替代近代以來過度膨脹的主體，與「他者」的關係有助於我們更深入理解朱熹本文所用「感謝」一詞，可以視為表謝意的複合動詞，也可以拆為二字：「感」者，有所受於他者；「謝」者，對所受於他者表示感激。人之所以能成長，乃至構成圓融的人格或體系，所受之他者甚眾。對他者有正面的接受，固然喜悅；能對所受有所感，且能還報以感激之情，則更增益喜悅。知道感恩者，內心常存喜悅，而且是雙重的喜悅。 就某種意義言，本文也可以說是在探問：對他者的感與謝，是否也是朱熹建構其哲學體系的源頭活水。有感於他者，並向他者致謝，既是心靈雙重喜悅的來源，則人格與思想成熟如朱熹者，或也應有所體會，使此一雙重喜悅成為其道德實踐與思想創造的來源。本文分別從倫理關係中的他者、義理中的他者(含心性論、 方法論、與終極他者)，和成德之方與我他圓融等方面分別隊朱熹思想加以評析。

This paper takes the contrasting dialectics between “System” and “the other” as a guideline for the re-interpretation of Chu Hsi's philosophy. Generally, Chu Hsi is recognized as a great system builder in the history of Chinese philosophy. We look on the effort of constructing a coherent system as a sign of a responsible thinker. In this respect Chu Hsi must have something to say for the postmodern philosophy characterized by deconstruction and anti-system. On the other hand, “the other”, essential to human existence and reality as a whole, is cherished by postmodern philosophy against the domination of modern subjectivity. The concept of “the other” could offer us a new perspective for re-reading Chu-Hsi's philosophy produced in the pre-modern era. In some sense, the problematic of this paper is to ask whether “generosity of the other” and “gratitude to the other” were also an inspiring source for Chu Hsi's philosophy. We will proceed to answer this question and to re-evaluate Chu Hsi's philosophy first from “the other” in ethical relationship, then “the other” in Chu Hsi's philosophical system, such as his theory of human mind/heart, his methodological discussion of “investigation of things” and finally the Ultimate Other in his system. We will also try to analyze the role of the other in his theory of self-cultivation.