本研究主要探討我國義務教育實施公辦民營制度之可行性，研究目的包括：一、探討義務教育公辦民營模式之相關理論背景；二、瞭解美國與我國義務教育公辦民營的型態及實施成效；三、透過量化調查與質化訪談方法，瞭解我國義務教育公辦民營的實施條件及可行之型式，並提出相關建議。 本研究以台灣地區國民中小學校長、主任、教師以及家長、教育行政機關人員為調查對象，並自編「我國義務教育公辦民營可行性之研究意見調查問卷」進行研究。在學校方面抽出45所學校，併同教育部（廳）、北高兩市教育局、二十一縣市教育局等教育行政機關共計發出1000份問卷，回收問卷共678份，有效問卷為628份。研究者將量化調查部分的結果加以整理分析，接著進行質化深度訪談，以更深入瞭解事實。 研究結果發現特許學校的公辦民營模式被認為最適合在台灣實施。然而現今的環境並不適合全面辦理公辦民營，而應先鼓勵民間參與小規模且實驗性質之公辦民營學校或實驗計畫，待成效良好後再擴大全面辦理。

This study examined the feasibility of private management of public schools at the level of compulsory education in Taiwan. Theories and models of private management of public school were first reviewed followed by the understanding of the application differences between America and Taiwan. Finally, the prerequisites and processes of implementing private management of public schools were explored by questionnaire and follow-up interviews. Subjects of this study included educational and school administrators, teachers, and parents. A questionnaire related to the feasibility and implementation of private management of public schools was developed and sent to forty-five schools. Valid data from 628 subjects were analyzed together with the information collected by the follow-up interviews. Results showed that the charter school model is deemed to be the best one to implement in Taiwan. Small-scale pilot studies are suggested to be implemented first before the policy of private management of public schools is adopted fully.