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題名：臺灣高等教育性別區隔現象與碩士畢業生進修理由之探討
書刊名：高等教育
作者：黃秋華 引用關係／陸偉明 引用關係
出版日期：2008
卷期：3:2
頁次：頁63-88
主題關鍵詞：Kanter性別角色增強假說；臺灣高等教育資料庫；博士學位；傳統男性科系；Kanter's sex-role reinforcement hypothesis；Integrated higher education database system in taiwan；Pursuing doctor’s degree；Male-dominated fields
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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台灣高等教育的擴張，是否促進兩性均衡投入高等教育，學界有不同看法。本文同時考量橫軸面（各科系學門）與縱軸面（不同教育階段）的性別區隔現象，以完整補捉其變化情形。主要以Kanter提出的性別角色增強假說探討兩個研究問題，問題一：大學部、碩士班、博士班三個教育階段的性別區隔情形有何變化，並根據問題一的結果進一步探討問題二：各學門中不同性別之碩士畢業生繼續深造的主觀考量為何。結果發現，Kanter強調性別比例形成的優勢，僅能支持傳統男性科系的性別區隔演變情形，並無法在傳統女性科系中獲得支持。進修博士班的主觀理由發現，各學門女性皆以「純粹追求自我成長」為首要理由；男性主要以「為未來升遷或更好發展」為進修理由。本文認為，Kanter的理論單以性別優勢比例來解釋性別區隔並不足以解釋女性學生追求高等教育的一些現象。
With the expansion of Taiwan’s higher education, there are many different opinions about whether it will indeed promote the equality of two genders or not. This study discusses sex segregation from two aspects: fields and education level. Based on Kanter’s sex-role reinforcement hypothesis, two questions are explored: 1. The evolvement of sex segregation of fields as revealed by the data collected by the Ministry of Education. 2. The subjective reasons for graduates of different genders with a master degree to pursue further studies. The results are as follow: What Kanter emphasizes on sex ratio is only supported in male-dominated fields, not in female-dominated fields. This phenomenon is especially obvious in doctor’s degree. The observation indicates that female’s first reason to go for further study mainly lies on“the self-achievement for individual only”in all fields. On the other hand, male’s reasons for pursuing advanced degree may differ from each field. Therefore, it is suggested that Kanter’s theory of sex-role reinforcement hypothesis should consider the influence of culture to student’s education opportunity.
期刊論文
1.Peng, S. S.、Jaffe, J.(1979)。Women Who Enter Male-Dominated Fields of Study in Higher Education。American Educational Research Journal，16(3)，285-293。  new window
2.陳建州(20061200)。性別間的教育競爭型態分析。教育研究集刊，52(4)，71-105。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Sax, L. J.(2001)。Undergraduate science majors: Gender differences in who goes to graduate school。Review of Higher Education，24，153-172。  new window
4.Wilson, P. M.、Wilson, J. R.(1992)。Environmental Influences on Adolescent Educational Aspirations。Youth & Society，24，52-70。  new window
5.Trusty, J.(1998)。Family influences on educational expectations of late adolescents。Journal of Educational Research，91(5)，260-271。  new window
6.Halpern, D. F.、Benbow, C. P.、Geary, D. C.、Gur, R.、Hyde, J. S.、Gemsbacher, M. A.(2007)。The science of sex differences in science and mathematics。Psychological Science in the Public Interest，8(1)，1-51。  new window
7.Jacobs, Jerry A.(1986)。The sex-segregation of fields of study: Trends during the college years。Journal of Higher Education，57(2)，134-154。  new window
8.Polachek, Solomon William(1978)。Sex Differences in College Major。Industrial and Labor Relations Review，31(4)，498-508。  new window
9.劉正、陳建州(20071200)。臺灣高等教育學習領域之性別區隔與變遷：1972-2003。教育與心理研究，30(4)，1-25。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Garg, R.、Kauppi, C.、Lewko, J.、Urajnik, D.(2002)。A Structural Model of Educational Aspirations。Journal of Career Development，29(2)，87-108。  new window
11.黃毅志(1995)。臺灣地區教育機會不平等性之變遷。中國社會學刊，18，243-273。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.蔡淑鈴、瞿海源(19881200)。性別與成就抱負--以臺大學生為例。中國社會學刊，12，135-168。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.謝小芩(19980400)。性別與教育期望。婦女與兩性學刊，9，205-231。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Kanter, Rosabeth Moss(1977)。Some Effects of Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women。The American Journal of Sociology，82(5)，965-990。  new window
15.徐宗國(2001)。兩性教育機會均等性的探討與展望。學校行政雙月刊，18，66-74。  延伸查詢new window
16.Baber, K. M.,、Monaghan, P.(1988)。College women’s career and motherhood expectations: New options, old dilemmas。Sex Role，19，189-203。  new window
17.Bridges, J. S.(1987)。College females’ perceptions of adult roles and occupational fields for women。Sex Role，16，591-604。  new window
18.Brown, J.,、Kanter, R.(1982)。Empowerment: Key to effectiveness。Hospital Forum，25，6-10。  new window
19.Ethington, C. A., Smart, J. C.,、Pascarella, E. T.(1988)。Influences on women’s entry into male-dominated occupations。Higher Education，17，545-562。  new window
20.Farmer, H. S.(1985)。Models of career and achievement motivation for women and men。Journal of Counseling Psychology，32，363-390。  new window
21.Fortner, M.(1970)。Vocational choices of high school girls: Can they be predicted?。Vocational Guidance Quarterly，19，203-205。  new window
22.Kanter, R. M.(1976)。The impact of hierarchical structures on the work behavior or women and men。Social Problems，23，415-430。  new window
23.Khallad, Y.(2000)。Education and career aspirations of palestinian and U.S. youth。The Journal of Social Psychology，140，789-791。  new window
24.Li, J.,、Lavely, W.(2003)。Village context, women’s status, and son preference among rural Chinese women。Rural Sociology，68，87-106。  new window
25.Lyson, T. A.(1981)。The changing sex composition of college curricula: A shift share approach。American Educational Research Journal，18，503-511。  new window
26.Marini, M. M.,、Greenberger, E.(1978)。Sex differences in educational aspirations and expectations。American Educational Research Journal，15，67-79。  new window
27.Marjoribanks, K.(1985)。Ecological correlates of a dolescents’ aspirations: Gender-related differences。Contemporary Education Psychology，10，329-341。  new window
28.Murrell, A.,、Frieze, I. H.(1991)。Aspiration to careers in male-and female-dominated professions。Psychology of Women Quarterly，15，103-126。  new window
29.Ott, M. D.(1978)。Retention of men and women engineering students。Research in Higher Education，9，137-150。  new window
30.Porter, S. R.,、Umbach, P. D.(2006)。College major choice: An analysis of person-environment。Research in Higher Education，47，429-449。  new window
31.St. John, E. P., Hu, S., Simmons, A., Cart er, D. F.、Weber, J.(2004)。What difference does a major make? The influence of college major field on persistence by African American and white students。Research in Higher Education，45，209-232。  new window
32.Younger, M.,、Warrington, M.(1996)。Differential achievement of girls and boys at GCSE: Some observations from the perspective of one school。British Journal of Sociology of Education，17，299-314。  new window
會議論文
1.Storen, L. A.、Arnesen, C. A.(200309)。Sex segregation in upper secondary and higher education in Norway。The European Research Network on Transitions in Youth 2003 Meeting。Funchal, Madeira。  new window
2.謝小芩(2005)。誰唸非傳統性別科系？大學生性別與科系選擇的探討。台北。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Bobbi, S.(1995)。Hidden rules, secret agendas: Challenges facing contemporary women doctoral students，Columbia Canada。  new window
2.Hite, L. M.(1985)。A study of doctoral students compared by gender and type of field of study on factors of role congruence and perceived support form peers，West Lafayette。  new window
圖書
1.財團法人婦女權益促進發展基金會(2007)。台灣婦女年鑑。台北：財團法人婦女權益促進發展基金會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Brown, R. M.(2002)。Biology at work: Rethinking sexual equality。New Brunswick, NJ：Rutgers University Press。  new window
3.Kanter, R. M.(1993)。Men and women of the corporation。New York：Basic Books。  new window
圖書論文
1.謝小芩(1995)。台灣婦女處境白皮書。教育：從父權的複製到女性的解放。台北：時報。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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