以往的監獄暴行相關研究中發現，監獄管理對暴行有重大的影響，為印証此一論述，本研究採用互動論的概念，受刑人的暴行是受到個人特質與環境的互動所產生，因此本研究採用階層線性模式，將資料分為受刑人階層(個人特性)與監獄階層號(環境特性)進行分析。 本研究以男性受刑人為研究對象，研究結果發現:各監獄的平均監獄暴行有顯著差異，此外監獄暴行的總變異量41.83%是由監獄所造成的。受刑人階層而言，年齡、社經地位、監獄化未達顯著水準，服刑經驗、已服刑時間、衝動性、保持冷靜、感受到管理壓力與生活壓力、機會等變項的預測達顯著水準，惟其解釋量為7.45%。最後在監獄階層上，各監獄的囚情不良對監獄暴行的預測達顯著，監獄擁擠、管理不良與教化則未達顯著，解釋量達75.18%，若各監獄的囚情不良上的差異，將會影響生活壓力與監獄暴行的差異。因此受刑人若具有危險因子，再加上監獄環境的囚情不良，監獄暴行將是無可避免。

This study examines the effectiveness of individual and prison level variables in explaining prison violence based on interactionist approach to human behavior. The study used random sampling with 1549 subjects from Taiwan prison (and 20prisons on level 2). Results from our hierarchical linear models showed individual-level and prison-level variables can affect prison violence. Prison experience, time-served, aggression, managed stress and opportunity and security variables were positively associated with prison violence and life stress variables were significant and negatively related to prison violence at the individual-level. Administration breakdown as a variable was significant and negatively related to prison violence at the prison-level. But prison-level explanations were better than individual-level. The interactionist model was supported in the study. If inmates who display risk factors interact with prison environments that exhibit administration breakdown, then prison violence will be more likely to occur.