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題名：政府體制、選舉制度與政黨體系：一個配套論的分析
書刊名：選舉研究
作者：林繼文 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lin, Jih-wen
出版日期：2006
卷期：13:2
頁次：頁1-35
主題關鍵詞：憲政選擇；選舉制度；政黨體系；選舉時程；政府效能；Constitutional choice；Electoral system；Party system；Electoral cycle；Government efficiency
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(14) 博士論文(3) 專書(1) 專書論文(2)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:14
  • 共同引用共同引用:313
  • 點閱點閱:141
不同的制度往往彼此鑲嵌，難以切割觀察。對於此問題，相關文獻常以「加總法」來探究制度配套的課題。本論文認為，採用此法可能會忽略制度配套對原有制度性質的改變。以中央政府體制和政黨體系的搭配為例，多黨制在內閣制之下可能縮短政府的壽命，但在總統制之下卻能助長行政部門的優勢。本論文根據既有制度論的研究發現，推演出幾項關於制度配套和政治效能的命題，指出兩黨制可能因內閣制或總統制而產生迥異的後果，而行政部門與立法部門的選舉時程，對於總統主導下的府會關係則有關鍵的影響。對於經歷2005年修憲的台灣而言，正可運用這些命題來探討未來憲政運作的可能後果。由於此次修憲案設下了極高的修憲複決門檻，在可見的未來台灣將以半總統制和傾向單一選區制的選舉制度為主軸。此種搭配可能因為一致政府而享有高效能，也可能因為分立政府而導致嚴重的朝野對抗。行政與立法的改選時程，因而成為影響未來政局的關鍵因素。
Institutions are usually embedded in each other and can hardly be anal-yzed independently. Existing studies, by aggregating the effect of individual institutions to assess their overall influence, could underestimate the impact at the systematic level when the institutions are considered together. Multi-partism, for instance, may shorten government duration under the parlia-mentary system, but enhance the administrative power if presidentialism is used. In line with existing institutional studies, this paper derives several propositions regarding the impact of institutional configuration on political stability. Bipartism can result to diverse outcomes when it is used under par-liamentarism or presidential ism, and electoral cycle plays a crucial role in determining political stability when a president is in charge. These proposi-tions are then applied to forecast Taiwan's constitutional future. The latest constitutional revision set up a high threshold for further amendment to be reconsidered by the people, making semi-presidential ism and a single-member- district biased electoral system the defining features of Taiwan's constitutional structure. Since this combination could lead to the greatest and the lowest stability, electoral cycle will be critically influencing Ta-iwan's constitutional prospect.
期刊論文
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5.Fukuyama, Francis、Dressel, Björn、Chang, Boo-Seung(2005)。Facing the Perils of Presidentialism?。Journal of Democracy，16(2)，102-116。  new window
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7.Shugart, Matthew S.(199506)。The Electoral Cycle and Institutional Sources of Divided Presidential Government。American Political Science Review，89(2)，327-343。  new window
8.Mainwaring, Scott(1993)。Presidentialism, Multipartism, and Democracy: The Difficult Combination。Comparative Political Studies，26(2)，198-228。  new window
9.Horowitz, Donald L.(1990)。Comparing Democratic Systems。Journal of Democracy，1(4)，73-79。  new window
10.廖達琪、洪澄琳(20041200)。反對黨獨大下的分立政府：高雄縣府會關係的個案研究（1985-2003）。臺灣政治學刊，8(2)，5-50。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.王業立(20010900)。總統直選與憲政運作。理論與政策，15(3)=59，1-17。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.吳重禮、楊樹源(20010900)。臺灣地區縣市層級「分立政府」與「一致政府」之比較：以新竹縣市與嘉義縣市為例。人文及社會科學集刊，13(3)，251-304。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.吳重禮、黃紀、張壹智(20030300)。臺灣地區「分立政府」與「一致政府」之研究：以1986年至2001年地方府會關係為例。人文及社會科學集刊，15(1)，145-184。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Duverger, Maurice(1980)。A New Political System Model: Semi-Presidential Government。European Journal of Political Research，8(2)，165-187。  new window
15.吳重禮、王宏忠(20030500)。我國選民「分立政府」心理認知與投票穩定度：以2000年總統選舉與2001年立法委員選舉為例。選舉研究，10(1)，81-114。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.盛杏湲(20031200)。立法機關與行政機關在立法過程中的影響力：一致政府與分立政府的比較。臺灣政治學刊，7(2)，51-105。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.黃紀、吳重禮(20001200)。臺灣地區縣市層級「分立政府」影響之初探。臺灣政治學刊，4，105-147。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.盧瑞鍾(19950500)。總統制與內閣制優缺點之比較。政治科學論叢，6，1-32。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.黃秀端(20031200)。少數政府在國會的困境。臺灣政治學刊，7(2)，3-49。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.吳重禮(20000300)。美國「分立性政府」研究文獻之評析：兼論臺灣地區的政治發展。問題與研究，39(3)，75-101。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.吳重禮(20010900)。分立政府--肇因、影響、改革。中國行政評論，10(4)，1-22。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.王業立(19950500)。單記非讓渡投票制的政治影響：我國民意代表選舉制度的探討。選舉研究，2(1)，147-167。new window  延伸查詢new window
23.吳重禮、徐英豪、李世宏(20040900)。選民分立政府心理認知與投票行為：以2002年北高市長暨議員選舉為例。政治科學論叢，21，75-115。new window  延伸查詢new window
24.Tsebelis, George(1995)。Decision Making in Political Systems: Veto Players in Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, Multicameralism and Multipartism。British Journal of Political Science，25(3)，289-325。  new window
25.Carter, John R.、Schap, David(1987)。Executive Veto, Legislative Override, and Structure Induced Equilibria。Public Choice，52，227-244。  new window
26.Dearden, James A.、Husted, Thomas A.(1990)。Executive Budget Proposal, Executive Veto, Legislative Override, and Uncertainty: A Comparative Analysis of the Budgetary Process。Public Choice，65，1-19。  new window
27.Hicken, Allen、Kasuya, Yuko(2003)。A Guide to the Constitutional Structures and Electoral Systems of East, South and Southeast Asia。Electoral Studies，22(1)，121-151。  new window
28.Rogers, James R.(2005)。The Impact of Divided Government on Legislative Production。Public Choice，123，217-233。  new window
29.Shields, Todd G.、黃紀(1995)。Presidential Vetoes: An Event Count Model。Political Research Quarterly，48(3)，559-572。  new window
圖書
1.Fiorina, Morris(1996)。Divided Government。New York：Macmillan。  new window
2.Jones, Mark P.(1995)。Electoral Laws and the Survival of Presidential Democracies。Notre Dame：University of Notre Dame Press。  new window
3.Müller, Wolfgang C.、Strøm, Kaare(2000)。Coalition Governments in Western Europe。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Cox, Gary W.(1997)。Making Votes Count。Cambridge。  new window
5.Tsebelis, George(2002)。Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work。New York：Russell Sage Foundation Press。  new window
6.Mainwaring, Scott、Shugart, Matthew S.(1997)。Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin American。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Lijphart, Arend(1999)。Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Thirty-six Countries。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
8.Shugart, Matthew S.、Carey, John M.(1992)。Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamic。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Mayhew, David R.(1991)。Divided We Govern: Party Control, Lawmaking, and Investigations, 1946-1990。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
10.Krehbiel, Keith(1998)。Pivotal Politics: A Theory of U.S. Lawmaking。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。  new window
11.Duverger, Maurice(1969)。Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State。London：Methuen Robert North。  new window
12.Sartori, Giovanni(1997)。Comparative Constitutional Engineering: An Inquiry into Structures, Incentives and Outcomes。New York, NY：New York University Press。  new window
13.Lipset, Seymour Martin(1963)。Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics。New York：Anchor Books。  new window
14.Rae, Douglas W.(1971)。The Political Consequences of Electoral Law。New Haven, CT：Yale University Press。  new window
15.Downs, Anthony J.(1957)。An Economic Theory of Democracy。New York：Harper and Row。  new window
16.Lijphart, Arend(1984)。Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries。Yale University Press。  new window
17.Elgie, Robert(2001)。Divided Government in Comparative Perspective。Oxford University Press。  new window
18.Liphart, Arend(1994)。Electoral Systems and Party System: A Study of Twenty-Seven Democracies, 1945-1990。New York, NY：Oxford Univ. Press。  new window
19.Volden, Craig、Brady, David W.(1998)。Revolving Gridlock: Politics and Policy from Carter to Clinton。Revolving Gridlock: Politics and Policy from Carter to Clinton。Boulder。  new window
20.Colomer, Josep M.(2004)。Handbook of Electoral System Choice。New York, NY：Palgrave/Macmillan。  new window
21.Duverger, Maurice(1964)。An Introduction to the Social Sciences: With Special Reference to Their Methods。An Introduction to the Social Sciences: With Special Reference to Their Methods。New York。  new window
22.(1989)。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York。  new window
23.(1999)。Politics and Society in Western Europe。Politics and Society in Western Europe。London, UK。  new window
圖書論文
1.Shugart, Matthew Soberg、Wattenberg, Martin P.(2001)。Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: A Definition and Typology。Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds?。Oxford University Press。  new window
2.Lijphart, Arend、Pintor, Rafael Lopez、Sone, Yasunori(1986)。The Limited Vote and the Single Nontransferable Vote: Lessons from the Japanese and Spanish Examples。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York：Agathon Press, Inc.。  new window
3.Rothstein, Bo(1996)。Political Institutions: An Overview。A New Handbook of Political Science。Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Moser, Robert G.、Thames, Frank C. Jr.(2001)。Compromise Amidst Political Conflict: The Origins of Russia's Mixed Member System。Mixed-member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds?。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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