:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:旅行業主管企業社會責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅遊產品規劃關係之研究
作者:張倩華
作者(外文):CHANG,CHIEN-HUA
校院名稱:國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱:成人教育研究所
指導教授:余嬪
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2016
主題關鍵詞:旅行業企業社會責任旅遊倫理決策負責任旅遊旅遊產品規劃Travel AgencyCorporate Social ResponsibilityTourism Ethics DecisionResponsible tourismTravel Product Planning
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:15
隨著全球觀光旅遊的迅速發展,對社會與環境永續的影響,企業社會責任與旅遊倫理的議題受到重視,本研究旨在探討旅行業主管企業社會責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅遊產品規劃的關係。經因素分析結果在企業社會責任認知分為公司經濟責任、社會倫理責任、社會永續責任、社會規範責任等四個層面,旅遊倫理決策意向分為個人道德義務、環境正義態度、公司利益優先、永續行為能力等四個層面,負責任旅遊產品規劃分為分為當地經濟效益、當地社會效益、當地環境效益等三個層面。以旅行業為取樣對象並進行問卷調查,問卷發放數為600份,回收計418份,無效問卷18份,有效問卷400份,佔回收率66.67%。分析結果發現如下:
1、 旅行業主管有中度以上之企業社會責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅
遊產品規劃的知覺。
2、 不同婚姻狀況、公司成立時間、參與產品規劃情形及職稱的主管在企業社會
責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅遊產品規劃之差異不顯著。
3、人口背景變項中的不同性別、年齡、教育程度的主管在企業社會責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅遊產品規劃之差異部份顯著。
4、綜合旅行社的主管在企業社會責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅遊產
品規劃之差異顯著高於甲種旅行業主管。
5、在個人道德義務公司規模中型旅行業者(12-99人)高於小型旅行業者(11人以下)。
6、管理部門的主管比直售部門主管有較高程度的負責任旅遊產品規劃。
7、企業社會責任認知、旅遊倫理決策意向與負責任旅遊產品規劃有正向關聯性。
8、企業社會責任認知、負責任旅遊產品規劃,必須藉由旅遊倫理決策意向的完
全中介效果;換句話說要促進負責任旅遊產品規劃,除了有企業社會責任認
知外,必須提升組織對旅遊倫理決策意向的知覺。
Along with the impact of social and environmental sustainability in Global Tourism Development, more attention to corporate social responsibility and tourism ethics has been increasing. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships among cognition of corporate social responsibility, tourism ethics decision intention and responsible tourism product planning by travel agency. Cognition of corporate social responsibility by factor analysis have four dimensions of company financial responsibility, social ethical responsibility, sustainable social responsibility, social norms responsibility. Tourism ethics decision intention by factor analysis have four dimensions of personal moral obligation, environmental justice attitude, priority interests of the company, sustainable capacity. Responsible tourism product planning by factor analysis have three dimensions of local economic benefits, local social benefits, local environmental benefits. The questionnaires were sent to 600 travel agency supervisors and 400 questionnaires were effective, which represented a return rate of 66.67%. The results found the following:
1. Moderate cognition of corporate social responsibility, tourism ethics decision intention and responsible tourism product planning by travel agency supervisor exist.
2. The difference of corporate social responsibility, tourism ethics decision and responsible tourism product planning was not significant in marital status, the time of company established, cognition.
3、Most significant differences of cognition of corporate social responsibility, tourism ethics decision intention and responsible tourism product planning have been found in the background variables such as gender, age.
4、More cognition of corporate social responsibility, tourism ethics decision intention and responsible tourism product planning can be found from Integrated office executives compared with a species of travel industry executives cognition.
5、Medium travel agency (12-99 people) higher than small travel agency (less to 11 people) in personal moral obligation.
6、The managers of the Department of integrated management than those of the department of direct sales have a higher involvement in tourism product planning.
7、Cognition of corporate social responsibility ,tourism ethics decision intention and responsible tourism product planning has a positive correlation .
8、Through the mediation of tourism ethics decision intention, the effect of cognition of Corporate Social Responsibility, responsible tourism product planning can be manifested ; in other words, to promote responsible tourism product planning, in addition to corporate social responsibility awareness the organization of tourism ethics decision intention consciousness is necessary.
參考文獻
壹、中文部分
王穎(2008)。南非負責任旅遊的興起及其意義。世界地理研究,3(1),132-136。
王引蘭、高會宗(2003)。旅遊經濟可持續發展的道德支持。山西師大學報,30(2),50-54。
方妙玲(2003)。員工倫理決策意向模式之研究—以新世代工作者為研究對象(未出版之博士論文)。國立台北大學,台北市。new window
林倖妃(2012/10/30)。陸客買台地圖【新聞群組】。取自 http://www.cna.com.tw/News/aHEL/201301200029.1.asp
黃力勉(2014/8/1)。陸客遊台東都在上廁所和購物【新聞群組】。取自http://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20140801001452-260102
付金朋、肖貴蓉、謝宇(2010)。近10年國外旅遊倫理研究評述。旅遊學刊 ,
25,(8),88-96。
陳信甫(2003)。台灣國民旅遊概論。台北市:五南。
江逸之(2006/5)。第二屆 [遠見雜誌企業社會責任大調查] 【新聞群組】。取自
http://www.gvm.com.tw/Boardcontent_12059_3.html
宋秉明(2000)。永續觀光發展的原則與方向。觀光研究學報,6(2),1-14。new window
李鴻文、王湘雲(2010)。臺灣綜合旅行社之研究。休閒事業研究,8(3),1-24。
何明虹(2007)。透過員工企業社會責任觀點以及人格來探討工作滿意度與組織承
諾之關連性研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立成功大學,台南市。
沈介文(2013)。企業倫理:商業世界的道德省思。 台北市:雙葉書廊 .
邱皓政(2002)。量化研究與統計分析。台北市:五南。
邱天佑、池文海(2012)。生態旅遊行為決定因素之研究。行銷評論,9(2),new window
203-222。
法新社(2012/8/17)。全球旅客10億創造就業良機【新聞群組】。取自
https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%97%85%E5%AE%A210%E5%84%84-%E5%89%B5%E9%80%A0%E5%B0%B1%E6%A5%AD%E8%89%AF%E6%A9%9F-075004379.html

法務部(2014/5/30)。全國法規資料庫【電子郵件清單訊息】。取自
http://law.moj.gov.tw/Law/LawSearchResult.aspx?p=A&k1=%E6%97%85%E8% A1%8C%E6%A5%AD%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87&t=E1F1A1&TPage=1
林佳瑩(2008)。企業社會責任績效與財務績效及無形資產價值之相關性研究-以
台灣資訊電子產業為例(未出版之碩士論文)。國立交通大學,新竹市。
林芝后(2009)。企業社會責任之策略類型與分析(未出版之碩士論文)。 國立臺灣大學,台北市。
林靖權(2013)。台灣企業領導人之宗教信仰、企業文化、公共關係、企業社會責
任、職場靈性與經營績效之關係(未出版之博士論文)。國立嘉義大學,嘉義
市。
林禹翔(2013)。探討企業經營球隊與贊助運動賽事對經營績效與企業社會責任之
關聯性(未出版之碩士論文)。中原大學,中壢市。
林孟彥譯 (2004),Stephen P. Robbins, Mary Coulter著。管理學,台北市:華泰。
周曉梅(2011)。再議旅行社導遊員薪酬制度─由香港阿珍現象引起的思考。
武漢職業技術學院學報,10,107‐110。
周玲(2005)。旅遊規劃與管理中利益相關者研究進展。旅遊學刊,19(6),53-59。
洪秀菊(2008/5/24)。聯合國世界觀光組織(UNWTO)永續觀光發展的規範分析【電子郵件清單訊息】。取自http://web.thu.edu.tw/g96540022/www/taspaa/essay/pdf/011.pdf。
洪承慶(2014)。觀光旅遊,環境生態與經濟成長(未出版之碩士論文)。淡江大學,台北市。
胡雲輝(2005)。顧客對銀行投入企業社會責任的知覺對情感附著與忠誠影響之研
究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立政治大學,台北市。
夏贊才(2003)。旅遊倫理概念及理論架構引論。旅遊學刊,8(2),30-4。
夏贊才(2005)。孕育中的旅遊倫理學—近年來西方國家旅遊倫理研究述評。哲學動態,7,39-44。
孫震(2009)。企業倫理與永續經營。策略評論,1(6),9-15。
徐木蘭、余坤東、賴振昌(1994)。傳統文化中企業倫理之探討-以明清之商人為例。第一屆中國文化與企業管理學術會議。台南市成功大學。
徐木蘭、林建江、張國偉(2006)。企業倫理之概念演進與研究趨勢。政府與企業
法治關係研討會。台北市台北大學。
凌一文(2013)。公司治理與企業社會責任對經營績效之影響-以台灣上市電子公
司為例(未出版之碩士論文)。國立高雄第一科技大學,高雄市。
康峰菁(2010)。企業社會責任的整體認知與實際作為之研究:以台灣服務業為例。企業管理學報,86,75-114。new window
馬岳琳(2016/8/2)。陸客低價團亂象「八天七夜環島」的惡性循環【電子郵件清
單訊息】。取自http://www.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=5077655
郭乃文、程金保(2010)。旅遊與碳足跡。第一屆綠色旅遊研討會,台北。
郭凱良(2010)。台灣導遊勞動的政治經濟學分析(未出版之碩士論文)。世新大學
,台北市。
陳向明(2002)。社會科學質的研究。台北市:五南。new window
陳瑩蓉(2002)。企業參與公益活動與非營利組織的夥伴關係:以三個在台灣的跨國企業為例(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中正大學,嘉義。
陳嘉隆(2011)。旅行業經營與管理。台北市:華立。
陳宏輝、賈生華(2003)。企業社會責任觀的演進與發展:基於综合性社會契約的理解。中國工業經濟,12(1),85-92。
陳明川(2003),社區居民對生態旅遊衝擊認知與發展態度之研究-以嘉義縣山美村為例(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中興大學,台中市。
張帆(2010)。國外對負責任旅遊的研究維度述評。旅遊論壇,3(5),589-594。
張培新(2007)。企業倫理的理論與實踐初探。應用倫理研究通訊,44,36-51。new window
黃俊英(1991)。多變量分析第四版。台北市: 中國經濟企業研究所。
黃榮鵬(2003)。電子商務對旅行業經營管理影響之研究(未出版博士論文)。國
立中山大學,高雄市。
黃慶源(2005)。企業經理人履行企業社會責任之行為模式研究(未出版之博士論new window
文)。國立中山大學,高雄市。
許士軍(1999)。新管理典範下的企業倫理。通識教育季刊,6(3),35-46。
董孟修(2013)。華語導遊接待陸客低價團之研究。觀光休閒學報, 19(3),233-255。new window
楊國鑫(2010)。觀光產業的倫理問題探究(未出版之博士論文)。國立中央大學,中壢市。new window
潘翠萍(2010)。人工濕地之生態旅遊發展評估研究--以大鵬灣國家風景區為例
(未出版碩士論文)。國立高雄餐旅大學,高雄市。
錢為家(2009)。企業社會責任實務全書。台北市:商周。
劉安可(2005)。企業贊助下之表演藝術研究-以建華銀行為案例(未出版之碩士
論文)。南華大學,嘉義市。
蔡俞姍(2013)。兩岸旅行業在陸客來台上的合作動態與機制。當代中國研究通訊,20,32-35.
蔡明勳(2012)。旅行社低碳旅遊認證標準之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立高雄
餐旅大學,高雄市。
聯合國教科文組織-聯合國環境規劃署(United Nations Environment Programme,2004/5)。建立可持續的生活方式指南,發展負責任的消費行為【電子郵件清單訊息】。取自http//www.uneptie.org/pc/sustain/youth/guide text Chinese. Pdf
蕭武桐 (2002)。公務倫理。台北市:智勝。
羅世倫(2007)。贊助之企業社會責任對品牌權益、消費者購買意願影響之研究—
知覺適合度為干擾變數(未出版之碩士論文)。逢甲大學,台中市。
蘇鴻達(2005)。非營利組織與企業夥伴關係之研究:以荒野保護協會為例(未出
版之碩士論文)。元智大學,台北市。
鍾秋香(2013/2)。森林生態旅遊策略聯盟機制簡介【電子郵件清單訊息】。取
自http://www.coa.gov.tw/view.php?catid=22836
黎耀奇、傅慧 (2014)。旅遊企業社會責任:研究述評與展望。旅遊學刊,29(6), 107-116。
貳、西文部分
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Aloudat, A. S. (2010). The worldview of tour guides: a grounded theory study. Annals of Tourism Research ,12 (1), 31–47.
Arrow, K. J. (1973). Social responsibility and economic efficiency. Public Policy, 21(3), 303-317.
Bandura, A.(1997). Self-efficacy: Tbe exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
Bartels, L. K., Harrick, E., Martell, K., & Strickland, D. (1998). The relationship between ethical climate and ethical problems within human resource management. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(7), 799-804.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 11-73.
Basu ,K. & Palazzo, G. (2008).Corporate social responsibility: A process model of sensemaking . Academy of Management Review, 33(1), 122-136.
Batabyal, A. A., & Yoo, S. J. (2010). A probabilistic analysis of guided tours for tourists during the slack season. Tourism Management, 31(4), 482-485.
Blodgett J.G., Lu L., Rose G.M. and Vitell, S.J. (2001). Ethical sensitivity to stakeholder interests: a cross-cultural comparison. (Global Selling and Sales Management--Cross-Cultural Issues—National Character) Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 29 (2), 190-202.
Bohdanowicz, P., & Zientara, P. (2009). Hotel companies' contribution to improving the quality of life of local communities and the well-being of their employees. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 9(2), 147–158.
Boldero, I. (1995). Tbe prediction of household recycling of newspapers: The role of attitudes, intentions, and situational factors. Journal of Applied Social Psycbology, 25(5), 440-462.
Bowen, H. A. (1953). Social Responsibility of The Businessman. New York: Harpers
and Brothers.
Bollen, K. A. (1989). A new incremental fit index for general structural equation models. Sociological Methods & Research, 17(3), 303-316.
Brunt, P., & Courtney, P. (1999). Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts. Annals of tourism Research, 26(3), 493-515.
Buchholtz, A. K., & Carroll, A. B. (2012). Business & society: Ethics & stakeholder
management. South-Western Cengage Learning.
Budeanu, A.( 2005).Impacts and responsibilities for sustainable tourism: A tour
operator’s perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(2), 89-97.
Butcher, Jim( 2003). The Moralisation of Tourism. New York: Routledge.
Cao, H. L. (2010). On low-carbon travel and the low-carbon measures for tourism
enterprises. Journal of Value Engineering, 4, 30-31.
Carroll, A. B.(1979).A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Social
Performace. Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497-505.
Carroll, A. B. (1991). The pyramid of CSR: Toward the moral management of organ-
ization stakeholders. Business Horizon, 34(4), 39-48.
Carroll, J. M. (2000). Making use: scenario-based design of human-computer interactions. MIT press.
Cavanagh, G. F., & Fritzscbe, D. I. (1985). Using vignettes in business ethics researcb. Research in corporate social performance and policy,7, 279-293.
Cavalcanti, M. M. L., & Falk, J. A. (2007). Dimensões e características da Responsabilidade Social em Pernambuco. XXXI Encontro da ANPAD–ENAMPAD, Rio de Janeiro.
Chen Honghui, Jia Shenghua (2003). Research on evolution of corporate social responsibility . China Industrial Economy, 12, 85-92.
Clarkson (1995).A Stakeholder framework for Analyzing and evaluating Corporate
Social Performance. The Academy of Management,20(1),49-61.
Clement, Christine Jo (1993). The Perceived Impacts of Tourism on the Mississippi National River and Recreation Area. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration,8, 23-24.
Cohen, E. (1984). The sociology of tourism: approaches, issues, and findings. Annual review of sociology,10, 373-392.
Cohen, j. & Cohen, P.(1983). Applied multiple regression/ correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NI: Erlbaum.
Coles,T., Fenclova,E., & Dinan,C. (2013) .Tourism and corporate social responsibility: A critical review and research agenda. Tourism Management Perspectives, 6, 122–141.
Cornell, B., & Shapiro, A. C. (1987). Corporate stakeholders and corporate finance.
Financial management,6, 5-14.

Conner, M., Norman, P., & Bell, R.,(2002).The Theory of Planned Behavior and Healthy Eating. Health Psychology, 21(2), 194-201.
Cooper, C. P., & Ozdil, I. (1992). From mass to responsible tourism: the Turkish experience. Tourism Management, 13(4), 377-386.
Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1964). The approval motive: Studies in evaluative dependence. New York: Wiley.
Davis K. and Blomstrom R. L. (1975).Business and society: Environment and
Responsibility. New York: McGraw-Hill. De la Crus Deniz, M. and Suarez, K. C. (2005). Corporate Social Responsibility and
Family Business in Spain. Journal of Business Ethics, 56(1), 179-198.
Dickinson, J. E., Robbins, D. & Lumsdon, L. (2010). Holiday travel discourses and climate change. Journal of Transport Geography ,18(3), 482–489.
Dodds, R., & Joppe, M. (2005). CSR in the tourism industry? The status of and poten-
tial for certification, codes of conduct and guidelines. Washington, D.C.: CSR
Practice, Foreign Investment Advisory Service, Investment Climate Department. Dodds, R., & Kuehnel, J. (2010). CSR among Canadian mass tour operators: Good
awareness but little action. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality
Management,22(2), 221–244.
Duska, R. F. (Ed.). (2007). Education, Leadership and Business Ethics: Essays on the Work of Clarence Walton (Vol. 11). Springer Science & Business Media.
Ebenstein, L. (2007). Milton Friedman: a biography. New York, NY : Palgrave Macmillan.
Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks. The triple bottom line of 21st century. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.

Fennell, D. and Malloy, K.,(1995). Ethics and Ecotourism: a Comprehensive Ethical Model. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 20,63-83.
Ferrell, O. C., Gresham, L. G. & Fraedrich, J. (1989).A Synthesis of Ethical Decision Marking Modes for Marketing. Journal of Macro marketing, 9(2), 55-64.
Flannery, B. L., & May, D. R. (2000). Environmental ethical decision making in the US metal-finishing industry. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 642-662.
Fleckenstein, M. P., & Huebsch, P. (1999). Ethics in tourism-reality or hallucination.
Journal of Business Ethics, 19(1), 137-142.
Freeman (1984). Strategic management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston: MA: Pitman.
Forum for the Future (2015,APR30).Re:Tourism 2023. [Electronic mailing list massage]. Retrieved from https://wwwforumforthefuture. org/project/tourism-2023/overview
Friedman, M. (1970). The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits.〔Adobe Digital Editions version〕Doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70818-6_14
Frederiksen C. (2010). The relation between policies concerning corporate social responsibility (CSR) and philosophical moral theories an empirical investigation. Journal of Business Ethics, 93(3), 357-371.
Fredrickson, J. W. (1986). An exploratory approach to measuring perceptions of strategic decision process constructs. Strategic Management Joumai, 7(5), 473-483.
Frey, N. & George,R. (2010). Responsible tourism management: The missing link between business owners’ attitudes and behaviour in the Cape Town tourism industry. Tourism Management, 31(5), 621–628.
Garriga, E., & Melé, D. (2004). Corporate social responsibility theories: Mapping the territory. Journal of business ethics, 53(1), 51-71.
Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of culture. New York: Basic Books.
Genot, H. (1995). Voluntary environmental codes of conduct in the tourism sector.
George R. & Frey N. (2010). Creating change in responsible tourism management
through social marketing. S.Afr.J.Bus.Manage,41(1),11-23.
Gilbert, J. T. (1992). Teaching Business Ethics: What, Why, Who, Where, and When. Journal of Education for Business, 68(1), 5-9.
Goodpaster, K. E. (1991). Business ethics and stakeholder analysis. Business ethics quarterly, 1(1), 53-73.
Goodwin, H., Spencely, A., & Maynard, B. (2003). Re:Development of responsible tourism guidelines for South Africa. [Electronic mailing list massage]. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.573.1491&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Goodwin, H., & Venu, V. (2008). Re: Kerala declaration on responsible tourism.
[Electronic mailing list massage]. Retrieved from
http://www.responsibletourism2008.org/keraladeclaration.php
Goodwin, H., Mc Combes, L., & Eckardt, C. (2009). Advances in travel philanthropy:
Raising money through the travel and tourism industry for charitable purposes. WTM Responsible Tourism Day (Report 2). Retrieved from http://www. icrtourism. org/documents/2_nov_wtm_tp_final_report. pdf.
Goodwin H.(2005). Responsible Tourism and the Market . Retrieved from https://www.responsibletravel.com/ImagesClient/certification.pdf

Gopi, M. & Ramayah , T., (2007).Applicability of Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Intention to Trade Online; Some Evidence from a Developing Country. International Journal of Emerging Markets , 2(4), 348-360.
Greenfield, W. M., (2004). In the Name of Corporate Social Responsibility. Business Horizons , 47(1), 19-28.
Guielford, J. P.(1965). Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education. New
York: McGraw-Hill.
Hancock, J., (2005). Introduction: Why This Subject? Why This Book? In J. Hancock (eds.), Investing in Corporate Social Responsibility: A Guide to Best Practice, Business Planning and the UK’s Leading Companies.London: Kogan Page.
Henderson J.(2007). Corporate social responsibility and tourism: Hotel companies in Phuker, Thailand, after the Indian Ocean tsunami. Hospitality Management, 26(1), 228-239.
Hillenbrand, H. G., & Kalwa, C. (2002). High strength line pipe for project cost reduction. World pipelines, 2(1), 1-10.
Holden, A. (2009). The environment-tourism nexus: Influence of market ethics.Annals of Tourism Research, 36(3), 373-389.
Holcomb, J. L., Upchurch, R. S., & Okumus, F. (2007). Corporate social responsibility: What are the top hotel companies reporting? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(6), 461–475.
Holme, R. and Watts, P.(2000). Corporate Social Responsibility: Making Good Business Sense. World Business Council for Sustainable Development: Geneva
Honeycutt Jr, E. D., Glassman, M., Zugelder, M. T., & Karande, K. (2001). Determinants of ethical behavior: A study of autosalespeople. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(1), 69-79.
Hunt, S. D. & Vitell, S. J. (1986).A General Theory of Marketing Ethics. Journal of Marketing,6(1), 5-16.
Hunt, S. D, P. L. Kiecker & L. B. Chonko (1990).Social Responsibility and Personal Success: A Research Note.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 18(3), 239-244.
Hrubes, D., Ajzen, I., & Daigle, J. (2001). Predicting hunting intentions and behavior: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Leisure Sciences,23(3), 165-178.
IBM Institute for Business Value (2007). The Enterprise of the Future. USA:
Sandy Alexander, Inc incredible India second international conference on
responsible tourism in destinations. Kochi.
Introcaso, D. M. (1997). Book Review. Journal of Business Ethics, 16, 1765-1766.
Jaakson, R.(1997).Exploring the Epistemology of Ecotourism. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 22(1),33-47.
Jamali, D., Y. Sidani, & El-Asmar, K. (2009).A Three Country Comparative Analysis of Managerial CSR Perspectives: Insights from Lebanon, Syria and Jordan. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(2), 173-192.
Jones, G. R. (1986). Socialization tactics, self-efficacy, and newcomers' adjustments to organizations. Academy of Management Joumai, 29(2),262-279.
Jose, A., & Lee, S. M. (2007). Environmental reporting of global corporations: a content analysis based on website disclosures. Journal of Business Ethics,72(4), 307-321.
Jost Krippendorf(1987). The Holiday Makers, Understanding the Impact of Leisure
and Travel. UK: Oxford.

Kalisch, A. (2002). Corporate futures: Social responsibility in the tourism industry.
London: Tourism Concern.
Kalish, A. (2002). Corporate futures. Social responsibility on the tourism industry. London: Tourism Concern.
Kasim A. (2006). The need for business environmental and social responsibility in the tourism industry . International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 7(1),1-22.
Kotler, P., & Lee, N. (2005). Corporate social responsibility: Doing the most good for your company and your cause. New Jersey: John Wilson & Sons.
Krippendorf, J. (1987). Ecological approach to tourism marketing. Tourism Management, 8(2), 174-176.
Kurland, N. B. (1995). Ethical Intentions and the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psycbology, 25(4), 297-313.
Lawrence ,B. T., & Wickins, D.(1997). Managing Legitimacy in Ecotourism. Tourism
Management,18(5), 307-316.
Lee D.R. (2010). Why businessmen are more honest than preachers, politicians, and
professors. The Independent Review, 14(3), 435-444.
Leslie, D. (2012). Responsible Tourism. Concepts, Theor y and Practice.
Wallingford: CABI.
Lewis, P. V. (1985).Defining Business Ethics: Like Nailing Jello to a Wall. Journal of Business Ethics, 4(5), 377-383.
Logar, I. (2010). Sustainable tourism management in Crikvenica. Croatia: An assessment of policy instruments. Tourism Management, 31(1), 125-135.
Logsdon, J.M. & Wood, D.J. (2002). Business citizenship:From domestic to global level of analysis. Business Ethics Quarterly, 12(2),155-187.
Lovelock, B. (2008). Ethical travel decisions travel agents and human rights.Annals of Tourism Research, 35(2), 338-358.
MacCannell, D. (1973). Staged authenticity: Arrangements of social space in tourist
settings. American journal of Sociology, 79(3),589-603.
Mader R. (2010). What is responsible tourism?Retrieved from http://www. Planeta.com/ ecotravel/tour/responsible.html
Manente ,M., Minghetti, V.& Mingotto, E. (2012). Ranking assessment systems for
responsible tourism products and corporate social responsibility practices. An
International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research,23(1), 75-89.
Margolis, J. D., & Walsh, J. P. (2003). Misery loves companies: Rethinking social
initiatives by business. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48(2), 268–305.
Margolis, J. D., Elfenbein, H. A., & Walsh, J. P. (2009). Does it pay to be good and does it matter? A meta-analysis of the relationship between corporate social and financial performance. Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=1866371
Maron, I. Y. (2006). Toward a unified theory of the CSP-CFP link. Journal of Business Ethics, 67(2), 191-200.
McLaren, D. (2003). Rethinking tourism and ecotravel. CT:Kumarian Press.
McWilliams A., & Siegel D. (2000). Corporate social responsibility and financial
performance:Correlation or misspecification?.Strategic Management Journal, 21 (5), 603-609.
Merwe, M. v.d. & Wöcke A (2007). An investigation into responsible tourism practices in the South African hotel industry .S.Afr.J.Bus.Manage,38(2),1-15.
Mihalic, T. (2014).Sustainable-responsible tourism discourse–Towards responsustable tourism. Journal of Cleaner Production,30,1-10.

Miller, G. (2001).Corporate responsibility in the UK tourism industry.Tourism Management,22(6),589-598.
Mowforth, M., Charlton, C., & Munt, I. (2008). Tourism and responsibility. Perspectives from Latin America and the Caribbean. London: Routledge.
Nicolau Gonzálbez, J. L. (2008). Testing reference dependence, loss aversion and diminishing sensitivity in Spanish tourism. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10045/23336
Onabajo O. (2005). The Concept of Inter and Intra Public Relations and their effective
Utilization in PR Campaigns. The Academic Forum, 9(3), 1-6.
Orlitzky M.,Schmidt,F.and Rynes,S. (2003). Corporate social and financial performance: metaanalysis.Organization Studies, 24(3),403-441.
Orpen, C. ( 1987). The Attitudes of United States and South: African Managers to Co-
rporate Social Responsibility. Jowma of Business Ethics, 6(2), 89-96.
Ostlund, L. E. (1977).Attitudes of Managers Towards Corporate Social Responsibility. California Management Review, 19(4), 35-49.
Owazuaka, W. S., & Obinna, I. P. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility: The Marketing Implications. International Journal of Academic Research,6(4), 221-226.
Quazi, A. M. & O’Brien, D. (2000). An Empirical Test of a Cross-National Model
of Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 25(1), 33-51.
Quazi, A. M. (2003). Identifying the Determinants of Corporate Mangers Perceived Social Obligations. Management Decision, 41(9), 822-831.
Payne, D., & Dimanche, F. (1996). Towards a code of conduct for the tourism industry: An ethics model. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(9), 997-1007.
Pettit, P., (2005). Responsibility Incorporated. Ethics, 117(2), 171-201.
Pond, E. (1993). Beyond the Wall: Germany’s Road to Unification. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2006). The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. Harvard business review, 84(12), 78-92.
Post, J. E., Preston, L. E., & Sauter-Sachs, S. (2002). Redefining the corporation: Stakeholder management and organizational wealth. Stanford, Calif: Stanford Business Books.
Pratley, P. (1995). The Essence of Business Ethics. New York: PrenticeHall.
Rao, C. P., & Singhapakdi, S. (1997). Marketing ethics: a comparison between services and other marketing professionals. Journal of Services Marketing,11(6), 409-426.
Raiborn, C. A., & Payne, D. (1990). Corporate codes of conduct: A collective conscience and continuum. Journal of business Ethics, 9(11), 879-889.
Randall, D., & Gibson, A. (1991). Ethical decision making in the medical profession: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Business Ethics,10(2),111-122.
Relly, P., & Koch, E. (2002). Case study assessment Jackalberry Lodge-Thornybush Game Reserve. National Responsible Tourism Guidelines for the South African Tourism Sector, Application of the Guidelines to the Nature-based tourism sector.
Renneboog, L., Ter Horst, J., & Zhang, C. (2008). Socially responsible investments: Institutional aspects, performance, and investor behaviour. Journal of Banking and Finance, 32(9), 1723-1742.
Rest, J. R. (1994). Background Theory and Research. Moral Development in the Pro-
fessions: Psychology and Applied Ethics. NJ: L. Earlbaum.


Rice A. (2005).Post-tsunami reconstruction and tourism: a second disaster? [EB/OL]. Tourism Concern. http: // www. tourismconcern. org. uk
Roberts , J. A., (1996).Will the Real Socially Responsible Consumer Please Step Forward ?. Business Horizons, 39(1), 79-83.
Robson, J., & Robson, I. (1996). From shareholders to stakeholders: critical issues for tourism marketers. Tourism management, 17(7), 533-540.
Robins, F. (2005). The future of corporate social responsibility. Asian Business & Management, 4(2), 95-115.
Sautter, E. T., & Leisen, B. (1999). Managing stakeholders a tourism planning model.
Annals of tourism research, 26(2), 312-328.
Shrivastava, P. (1995).Environmental Technologies and Competitive Advantage. Stra-
tegic Management Journal, 16(1), 183-200.
Sheppard, B. H., Hartwick, J., & Warshaw, P. R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of consumer research, 15(3), 325-343.
Shen, J., Song, Z., Qian, X., & Liu, W. (2009). Modification of papermaking grade fillers: A brief review. Bio Resources, 4(3), 1190-1209.
Sigala, M. (2008). A supply chain management approach for investigating the role of tour operators on sustainable tourism: The case of TUI. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(15),1589-1599.
Singhapakdi, A., Rallapalli, K. C., Rao, C. P., & Vitell, S. J. (1995). Personal and professional values underlying ethical decisions: A comparison of American and Thai marketers. International Marketing Review, 12(14), 65-76.


Singhapakdi, A., Vitell, K., Rallapalli, K., & Kraft, K. (1996).The perceived role of ethics and social responsibility: A scale development. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(11),1131-1140.
Singhapakdi, A., Marta, J. K., Rao, C., Cicic, M., Honeycutt Jr, E. D., Glassman, M., & Zugelder, M. T. (2001). Special issue on marketing ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 32, 363-365.
Sparks, P., Guthrie, C. A., & Sbepberd, R.(1997). The dimensional structure of the perceived behavioral control construct. Journal of Applied Social Psychology,27(5), 418-438.
Sparks, C. (2007). Globalization, development and the mass media. London: Sage.
Spenceley, A. (2007). Responsible tourism practices by South African tour operators’,
International Centre for Responsible Tourism – South Africa. [online] Retrieved from http://anna.spenceley.co.uk/Papers.htm
Spenceley, A., Relly, P., Keyser, H., Warmeant, P., McKenzie, M., Mataboge, A. & Seif, J. (2002). Responsible Tourism Manual for South Africa. Pretoria: Department
of Environmental Affairs and Tourism.
Sprinkle, G. B., & Maines, L. A. (2010). The benefits and costs of corporate social
responsibility. Business Horizons, 53(5), 445-453.
Steiner, G., & Steiner, J. (2005). Business, government and society: A managerial perspective. McGraw-Hill Professional.
Steinmann, H., & Löhr, A. (1994). Unternehmensethik als Ordnungselement inder Marktwirtschaft. in: ZfbF ,47, 143-174.
Taylor, P. W. (1975). Principles of Ethics: An Introduction. CA: Dickenson.

Tepelus, C. M. (2008). Social responsibility and innovation on trafficking and child sex tourism: Morphing of practice into sustainable tourism policies? Tourism and
Hospitality Research, 8(2), 98-115.
Tetlock, P. E. (1985). Accountability: The neglected social context of judgment and
choice. Research in organizational behavior, 7(2), 297-332.
Tourism Department of the City of Cape Town. (2002). Responsible Tourism in Cape
Retrieved from
https://www.capetown.gov.za/en/tourism/Documents/Responsible%20Tourism/Responsible_tourism_bro_web.pdf
Town Trevino, L. (1986). Ethical decision making in organizations :A
person-situation interactionist model. Academy of Management Review, 11(3),
601-617.
Trevino, L. K., Butterfield, D., & McCabe, D. L. (1998). The ethical context in organizations: Influences on employee attitudes and behaviors. Business Etbics
Quarterly, 8(3) ,447-477.
TSG. (2012). Charter for Sustainable and Responsible Tourism. Brussels: European
Commission.
Turner, L., & Ash, J. (1975). The golden hordes: International tourism and the pleasure periphery . London: Constable.
UNWTO (2014).UNWTO Annual Report 2014.Retrieved from http://www2.unwto.org/annualreport2014
UNWTO (2015).Global Code of Ethics for Tourism.Retrieved from http://ethics.unwto.org/en/content/global-code-ethics-tourism
Urry, J., & Larsen, J. (2011). The tourist gaze 3.0. London: Sage.


Van Marrewijk, M. (2003). Concepts and definitions of CSR and corporate sustainability: Between agency and communion. Journal of business ethics,44(2), 95-105.
Van Beurden, P., & Gossling, T. (2008). The worth of values-A literature review on the relation between social and financial performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(2), 407-424.
Van de Mosselaer, F., van der Duim, R., & van Wijk, J. (2012). Corporate social
responsibility in the tour operating industry: The case of Dutch outbound tour
operators. Farnham: Ashgate.
Van Wijk, J., & Persoon, W. (2006). A Long-haul Destination: Sustainability Reporting Among Tour Operators. European management journal, 24(6), 381-395.
Van Marrewijk, M. (2003). Concepts and definitions of CSR and corporate sustainability: Between agency and communion. Journal of business ethics,44(2), 95-105.
Victor, B., & Cullen. J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33,101-125.
Walle, A. H. (1995).Business ethics and tourism: From micro to macro perspectives. Tourism Management, 16(4),263-268.
Wang, K. C., Hsieh, A. T., & Huan, T. C. (2000). Critical service features in group package tour: An exploratory research. Tourism Management, 21(2), 177-189.
Weiler, B., & Davis, D. (1993). An exploratory investigation into the roles of the nature-based tour leader. Tourism Management, 14(2), 91-98.


Wimbush, I. C, & Shepard, M. (1994). Toward an understanding of ethical climate: Its relationship to ethical behavior and supervisory influence. Journal of Business Ethics, 13(8), 637-647.
World Travel and Tourism Council (2002). Corporate social leadership in travel and tourism. [online] Retrieved from: ttp://www.wttc.org/bin/pdf/temp/blueprintfnt03.html
World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), International Federation of Tour Operators (IFTO), International Hotel & Restaurant Association (IH&RA), & International Council of Cruise Lines (ICCL) (2002). Industry as a partner for sustainable development:Tourism. Paris: United Nations Environment Programme. [online] Retrieved from http://www.gdrc.org/uem/eco-tour/WSSD-tourism.pdf
World Travel and Tourism Council (2006). South Africa: The 2007 travel &
tourism economic research.[online] URL:www.wttc.org. Accessed August 2006.
Wright, G. B., Cullinan, C. P., & Bline, D. M. (1997). The relationship between an individual's values and perceptions of moral intensity: An empirical study. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 9 , 26-40.
Xin, T. K., & Chan, J. K. L. (2014). Tour Operator Perspectives on Responsible Tourism Indicators of Kinabalu National Park, Sabah. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 144, 25-34.
Yaman, H. R., & Gurel, E. (2006). Ethical ideologies of tourism marketers. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(2), 470-489.

 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
QR Code
QRCODE