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題名:發展遲緩兒童家庭功能與社會支持之相關研究
作者:曾佳珍
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:特殊教育學系所
指導教授:周台傑
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:發展遲緩兒童家庭功能社會支持developmental delayed childrenfamily functionsocial support
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在了解發展遲緩兒童家庭的家庭功能與社會支持現況,並進一步探究不同背景變項在家庭功能與社會支持上之差異情形,以及二者之間的相關與預測情況。主要係以臺灣地區三至六歲的學前階段發展遲緩兒童家庭為研究對象,除採量化研究之問卷調查共回收367份有效問卷外;另輔以自編的半結構式問卷,針對十位受訪者進行訪談,深入瞭解不同家庭功能之發展遲緩兒童家庭所獲得社會支持之差異狀況。量化資料以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、典型相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析等方法進行統計考驗,質性資料則經由錄音並轉譯為逐字稿之後,以內容分析加以分類與歸納。在綜合與歸納統計資料與訪談結果後,獲得以下幾項結論:
一、發展遲緩兒童的整體家庭功能屬於中等偏良好,其中以行為控制最佳,溝通的表現最差;所獲得的社會支持則屬中等程度,其中以情緒支持最多,工具支持最缺乏。
二、不同「性別」、「遲緩類別」、「主要照顧者年齡」、「主要照顧者教育程度」、「家庭型態」、「經濟收入」以及「社經地位」等變項的發展遲緩兒童其家庭功能呈現顯著差異;不同「主要照顧者教育程度」、「經濟收入」以及「社經地位」等變項的發展遲緩兒童家庭,所獲得的社會支持亦有顯著差異。
三、發展遲緩兒童家庭的家庭功能與社會支持具有顯著正相關,又情緒支持與訊息支持對社會支持有較高影響力,而問題解決、溝通、角色、情感反應、情感涉入與行為控制等六向度均對家庭功能有高度影響力。
四、高家庭功能的發展遲緩兒童家庭,在整體社會支持、情緒支持、工具支持以及訊息支持方面,均顯著優於低家庭功能之發展遲緩兒童家庭。
五、「情緒支持」、「經濟收入」、「工具支持」、「年齡」、「主要照顧者年齡」、「家庭型態」、「父母婚姻狀態」以及「確診時間」等變項,能有效預測發展遲緩兒童的家庭功能運作狀況。
依據前述之研究結果,本研究提出數點建議供相關專業人員、單位作為整體性政策制定及臨床服務之參考,期能提升發展遲緩兒童之家庭功能與社會支持。
The purpose of the study is to examine the family function and social support of developmental delayed children’s family, the family function and social support differences under different background variables, and the correlation and prediction between these two factors. The researcher invites three to six year-old preschool developmental delayed children’s family to participate in this study as research subject. A quantitative questionnaire research method is adopted; and 367 efficient questionnaires are received. In addition, 10 participants are invited for a self-complied semi-structured interview as a supplemented data to investigate the difference in social support among developmental delayed children’s family from different family function. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, canonical correlation analysis, and multiple stepwise regression analysis are used for test quantitative data. Qualitative data is recorded and displayed in transcript, and then analyzed by content analysis. Based on synthesis and induction, the results are the followings:
1. Developmental delayed children's overall family function is better than moderate, behavior control the best and communication the worst; the degree of social support received is intermediate, emotion support the most, instrumental support the most lacking.
2. Developmental delayed children’s family function varies based on different variables such as sex of child, disabled type of developmental delayed situation, age of caregiver, educational level of caregiver, family pattern, financial income, and social economic status of the family; developmental delayed children’s family receives social support in different degree according to the differences of educational level of caregiver, financial income, and social economic status.
3. A positive correlation exists between developmental delayed children’s family function and social support; emotional support and informational support have high influences on social support; and problem-solving, communication, role, affective responsiveness, affective involvement and behavior control have high influences in family function.
4. Higher family function developmental delayed children’s family have a better social support, emotional support, instrumental support, and informational support than lower family function developmental delayed children family.
5. Variables of emotional support, financial income, instrumental support, age of the child, age of caregiver, family pattern, marriage of parents, and the date when child has been identified as developmental delayed can efficiently predict the family function of developmental delayed children’s family.
Based on the research findings, this study proposes some suggestions for relative professionals and organizations for reference in over all policy making and clinical service; and hopes this finding can improve developmental delayed children’s family function and social support.
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