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題名:以科學新聞作者為對象進行寫作論證對七年級學生的認知學習成效之探討
作者:蔡佩穎
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:科學教育研究所
指導教授:張惠博
張文華
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2013
主題關鍵詞:概念導向科學新聞認知學習論證Concept-orientedscience newscognitive learningargument
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在探究「概念導向科學新聞教學」(Concept-oriented Science-News Instruction;簡稱CoSNI)的學習成效。研究對象來自中部海線一所國民中學,教師研究者所擔任的兩班七年級學生,一班為科學新聞教學的對照組,共31人,一班為概念導向科學新聞教學的實驗組,共32人。兩班皆在營養運輸、協調恆定、生殖遺傳三個單元的自然課程教學後,分別對能量新聞、醫學新聞與遺傳新聞,以科學新聞作者為對象進行寫作論證活動,科學新聞教學組的學習單,其引導問題讓學生直接產生贊成理由與反對理由,概念導向科學新聞教學組的學習單,其引導問題提示學生使用自然課所學的內容產生贊成理由與反對理由,兩組在一般自然課程教學之前,皆實施相關單元的認知成就測驗前測,在以科學新聞作者為對象進行寫作論證之後,皆實施相關單元的認知成就測驗後測。
科學新聞寫作論證學習單經過編碼與評分,其獨立樣本T檢定分析的結果指出,在能量新聞、醫學新聞與遺傳新聞三篇科學新聞中,科學新聞教學組在論證表現(論證總分)與產生反駁(反駁論證分數)低於概念導向科學新聞教學組,並具有顯著差異。科學新聞教學組在能量新聞與遺傳新聞的辨識宣稱(宣稱論證分數)與產生根據(根據論證分數)之論證元素表現上,低於概念導向科學新聞教學組並產生顯著差異。科學新聞教學組在能量新聞與醫學新聞的辨識資料(資料論證分數)與產生支持(支持論證分數)之論證元素表現上,低於概念導向科學新聞教學組並產生顯著差異。
本研究以獨立樣本T檢定分析兩組的三個單元成就測驗增加分數(後測分數-前測分數),結果顯示科學新聞教學組在營養運輸單元與生殖遺傳單元,其事實與概念知識向度、記憶與了解認知歷程向度、單元成就測驗總分的進步程度,低於概念導向科學新聞教學組並達到顯著差異。此外,科學新聞教學組在生殖遺傳單元的應用認知歷程向度的進步程度低於概念導向科學新聞教學組並達到顯著差異。
在自然課程中使用具有核心概念的科學新聞文本,以科學新聞作者為對象進行寫作論證,促使學生使用自然課所學的內容產生贊成理由與反對理由,可以產生較佳的論證表現,協助學生連結分離事實形成概念,並產生概念間的連結而促進相關自然課程單元的認知學習成效。
The purposes of this study are to explore the effects of writing to argue with science news authors on seventh graders’ cognitive learning outcomes. After three units instruction with nutrition-transport, coordination-homeostasis, and reproduction-genetics, 63 seventh graders from two classes taught by a teacher researcher in one junior high school of Taichang city took part in Science-News Instruction. One class (n = 32) was prompted to Concept-oriented Science-News Instruction (the CoSNI group), and they write to argue with science news authors by using science knowledge. The other class (n = 31) was prompted to Science-News Instruction (the SNI group), and they write to argue with science news authors. Students were administered by pre-tests and post-tests of cognitive achievements in three units before and after instruction.
The t-tests analysis of students’ written artifacts which were coded and evaluated revealed that the CoSNI group performed significantly better on argument scores and providing better reasons to refute the identified causal textual elements in three science news, including the energy news, the medical news and the genetic news. The CoSNI group also performed significantly better on producing warrants to support their reasoning about the relationship between data and claims as well as examining the claims made in the nutrition news and the genetics news. The CoSNI group also performed significantly better on examining the data and providing better backings in the energy and medical news.
Furthermore, the results of t-tests analysis indicate that the CoSNI group outperformed the SNI group on the gain scores of the cognitive test at Remember, Understand, Factual, Conceptual level and total scores in the nutrition-transport and reproduction-genetics units. Besides, the CoSNI group outperformed the SNI group on the gain scores of the cognitive test at Apply and Procedural level in the reproduction-genetics units.
Concept-oriented Science-News Instruction infusing science teaching cultivates the ability with argument and prompts the effects of cognitive learning related science curriculum units. Concept-oriented Science-News Instruction helps students recalling and connecting separated facts into integrated concepts for fostering science learning.
Keywords: Concept-oriented, science news, cognitive learning, argument
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