The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between parents' involvement and school life adjustment of the first and second grade students in elementary school. Questionnaires were utilized to investigate the first and second grade students and their parents in New Taipei City. A total of 1,002 valid questionnaires from students and 1,002 from parents were collected.Two questionnaires: "Parents' Involvement Questionnaire of the First and Second Grade in Elementary School" and "School Life Adjustment Questionnaire of the First and Second Grade Students in Elementary School" were used as the main tools. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and Regression Analysis. The findings of this study are stated in the following:1. The parents' involvement of the first and second grade in elementary school is medium level; The performance level of "involvement in family" is higher than that of "involvement in school"2. The performance of school life adjustment of the first and second grade students in elementary school is good.3. The parents' involvement of the first and second grade in elementary school is significantly different in student's gender, family structure, family socioeconomic status and school location.4. The school life adjustment of the first and second grade students in elementary school is significantly different in student's grade , student's gender, family structure and family socioeconomic status.5. The parents' involvement and school life adjustment of the first and second grade students in elementary school are significantly positive related.6. According to the results of this study, suggestions are provided for parents, elementary schools, teachers and further study.