本研究主要是以台灣為場域，探討對幼兒的概念、童年意象和幼兒核心素養之民間觀點之比較，包含各行各業代表，幼教幼保專業人員和幼兒家長等人士的觀點。本研究先採用文獻分析、深度訪談的方法，深究台灣普羅大眾對幼兒生活經驗和幼兒核心素養的看法，再將研究的初步結果，作為焦點座談之討論依據，分析十五位來自台灣各地之教保專業人員對幼兒核心素養與幼兒教育課程之意見，再以問卷調查等方式，瞭解509位幼教專家、幼教人員、幼兒家長對幼兒的概念和幼兒核心素養的意見，並據此形成文本，與文獻之內容相互參照，進行比較分析，據以討論幼教課程之應然面和實然面，並形成結論與建議。

This paper aimed to analyze the relationship between the key competencies of Taiwanese children and the construction of early childhood curriculum. It began with analyzing literature of key competencies and the in-depth interviews with representatives from various walks of life were pursued to explore the key competencies of Taiwanese children and the construction of early childhood curriculum. Then, focus groups composed by kindergarten teachers and administrators, and proceeding questionnaire survey. Lastly, this paper was concluded with the result of discussion, and some possibilities for key competencies and the curriculum construction in early childhood education were suggested.