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題名:心像策略教學在國民小學國語科的實驗研究
作者:莊淑琴
作者(外文):Shu-Chin Chuang
校院名稱:國立嘉義大學
系所名稱:國民教育研究所
指導教授:蔡榮貴
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2005
主題關鍵詞:心像策略教學心像策略教學imagerystrtategy teachingimagery strategy instruction
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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心像策略教學在國民小學國語科的實驗研究
論文摘要
本研究旨在統整心像教學的相關理論與研究,發展一套「心像策略教學方案」,並探究其在國民小學國語科的實施成效,以及其對學生心像能力與運作歷程的影響。研究方法採準實驗研究法之不等組前後測設計,以三年級學生為研究對象,立意抽樣四個班級,其中二班為實驗組,接受「心像策略教學方案」的教學,二班為控制組,接受一般教學。研究工具包括「國語科學習成就測驗」、「寫作評定量表」、「國語科學習動機量表」、「心像能力量表」與「心像策略教學學生反應調查表」,並利用放聲思考及訪談方法蒐集質性資料。
本研究的主要發現如下:
1. 就國語科學習成就而言,實驗組學生在「國語科學習成就測驗」的得分顯著優於控制組,其中實驗組中程度學生的表現明顯優於實驗組低程度的學生。
2. 就寫作能力而言,實驗組學生在「寫作評定量表」整體的得分顯著優於控制組。其中在「文句表達」、「組織結構」與「創意表現」等層面,實驗組與控制組並無顯著的差異;在「內容思想」和「感官描述」等層面,實驗組表現顯著優於控制組;另外在「感官描述」層面,實驗組中程度學生的表現優於實驗組低程度學生。
3. 就國語科學習動機而言,實驗組學生在「國語科學習動機」整體的得分顯著優於控制組。其中在「自我效能」、「內在動機」與「工作價值」等層面,實驗組表現均顯著優於控制組。
4. 就實驗組學生對心像策略教學的反應而言,多數學生對心像策略教學持正向肯定態度。
5. 就心像能力而言,實驗組學生在「心像能力量表」整體的得分顯著優於接受控制組,其中在「高刺激誘發」、「經驗誘發」與「聽覺誘發」、「動覺誘發」等層面,實驗組表現均顯著優於控制組。
6. 就心像產生歷程而言,視覺化與非視覺化刺激都能引發學生產生心像,而學生也會利用各種方法在心中形成心像,其心像產生來源則包括經驗與想像力。
7. 就心像處理歷程而言,學生形成的心像內容與鮮明程度具有個別差異,其心像形式包括記憶心像與想像心像。此外,學生也會運用多重感官來形成心像。
8. 就心像與文本互動歷程而言,學生主要扮演主動參與者與被動旁觀者兩種角色,在歷程中學生也會以自己的心像來建構出新的文本。
9. 就心像策略運作結果而言,大部分的學生認為心像策略有助於提升記憶與理解能力,學生也會利用後設認知來監控自己的學習。
基於上述研究發現,本研究針對教師教學與未來研究提出具體建議。
關鍵字:心像、策略教學、心像策略教學
A experimental Research on Imagery Strategy Instruction of Chinese Language in the Elementary School
Shu-Chin Chuang
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to integrate the relative theories and research on imagery teaching to develop a type of imagery strategy teaching program. It would also inspect the effect of this program on Chinese language teaching in the Elementary school, and the influences on students’ imagery abilities and its process. The research method adopted was the nonequivalent-pre-post-test design of quasi-experimental design. The subjects of research were the third-year students. Four classes were selected, two of which were the experimental groups to accept the imagery strategy instruction; the other two of which were control groups to accept the ordinary teaching. The research instruments included “Chinese Language Achievement Test”, “Writing Ability Inventory”, “Chinese Language Learning Motivation Inventory”, “Imagery Ability Inventory”, and “Survey Inventory of Student’s Reaction to Imagery Strategy Instruction”. The loud thinking and interviewing method were adopted to collect important materials.
The main findings of this study were summarized as follows:
1. In the “Chinese Language Achievement Test”, the experimental group’s scores were significantly higher than the control group’s. The average students in experimental groups were significantly higher than below-average students in the same groups.
2. In the “Writing Ability Inventory”, the experimental group’s scores were significantly higher than the control group’s on “holistic score”, “content” and “sense description”, but there were no significant differences between two groups on “sentence expression”, “structure” and “creation”. In addition, in “sense description”, the average students in experimental groups were significantly higher than below-average students in the same groups.
3. In the “Chinese Language Learning Motivation Inventory”, the experimental group’s scores were significantly higher than the control group’s on “holistic score”, “self effect”, “ inner motivation” and “work value”.
4. In the “Survey Inventory of Student’s Reaction to Imagery Strategy Instruction”, most students were active to the imagery strategy instruction.
5. In the “Imagery Ability Inventory”, the experimental group’s scores were significantly higher than the control group’s on “holistic score”, “high simulation induction”, “ experience induction” , “audition induction” and “movement induction”.
6. In the procedure of imagery production, visual and non-visual simulations could induce students to form images, and students would also make use of all kinds of methods to form images in mind. The origin of images included experience and imagination.
7. In the imagery processing, students’ imagery contents and the degree of brightness were different individually. The forms of imagery included memory imagery and imagination imagery. In addition, students would make use of multiple senses to form images.
8. In the procedure of interaction between imagery and texts, students mainly played the roles both as active-participant and passive-spectator. In the process, students would construct new texts with their images.
9. In the result of processing imagry strategy, most students think imagery strategy could help improve memory and comprehension. Students could also make use of metacognitive awareness to monitor their learning.
Key words: imagery, strategy teaching, imagery strategy instruction
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