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題名：華人組織的家長式領導：一項文化觀點的分析
書刊名：本土心理學研究
作者：樊景立／鄭伯壎 引用關係
作者(外文)：Farh, Jiing-lih／Cheng, Bor-shiuan
出版日期：2000
卷期：13
頁次：頁127-180
主題關鍵詞：仁慈領導；威權領導；德行領導；家長式領導；家長式領導模式；Authoritarian leadership；Benevolent leadership；Moral leadership；Paternalistic leadership
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(142) 博士論文(23) 專書(5) 專書論文(7)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:141
  • 共同引用共同引用:399
  • 點閱點閱:267
　　　　　家長式領導是華人家族企業極為普遍的現象，它的特色是在一種人治的色彩下， 顯現出嚴明的紀律、父親般的仁慈與權威、及道德的廉潔性。本文透過文獻回顧，找出家長 式領導的三類組成要素：威權、仁慈及德行領導，且追溯每一要素的深層文化根源，探索各 要素與當代華人企業組織的關聯。最後說明了未來主要的研究議題，並提出一個華人組織之 家長式領導的初步模型。
　　　　　Paternalistic leadership, which combines strong discipline and authority with fatherly benevolence and moral integrity couched in a "personalistic" atmosphere, has been found to be prevalent in overseas Chinese family businesses. After critically reviewing the extant literature, we identify three constituent elements of paternalistic leadership (PL): authoritarianism, benevolence, and moral leadership. Authoritarian leadership refers to leader behaviors that assert absolute authority and control over subordinates and demand unquestionable obedience from subordinates. Benevolent leadership refers to leader behviors that demonstrate individualized, holistic concerns for subordinates' personal or family well-being. Moral leadership may be depicted as leader behaviours that demonstrate superior personal virtues or qualities that provide legitimacy as well as arouse identification and respect from subordinates for the leader. We trace the deep cultural roots of PL and find that Confucianism, Legalism, China's long tradition of imperial rule, rule of man, and norm of reciprocity are key cultural forces that shape PL in Chinese family businesses. We provide preliminary survey data to show how Chinese employees from Hong Kong, the PRC, and Taiwan view authoritarianism and benevolence exhibited by their leaders. We explore the relevance of PL to organizations in contemporary Chinese societies. We then conclude by identifying key research issues and proposing a preliminary PL model for future studies on leadership in Chinese organizations.
期刊論文
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14.Hofetede, Greet(1993)。Cultural constraints in management theories。Academy of Management Executive，7(1)，81-94。  new window
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16.Scandura, T. A.、Graen, G. B.(1984)。Moderating effects of initial leader-member exchange status on the effects of a leadership intervention。Journal of Applied Psychology，69(3)，428-436。  new window
17.鄭伯壎(19951200)。家長權威與領導行為之關係：一個臺灣民營企業主持人的個案研究。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，79，119-173。  延伸查詢new window
18.Hofstede, Geert H.、Bond, Michael Harris(1988)。The Confucius Connection: From Cultural Roots to Economic Growth。Organizational Dynamics，16(4)，5-21。  new window
19.鄭伯壎、莊仲仁(19811200)。基層軍事幹部有效領導行為之因素分析:領導績效、領導角色與領導行為的關係。中華心理學刊，23(2)，97-106。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.鄭伯壎(19950200)。差序格局與華人組織行為。本土心理學研究，3，142-219。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.Farh, Jiing-Lih、Earley, P. Christopher、Lin, Shu-Chi(1997)。Impetus for Action: A Cultural Analysis of Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Chinese Society。Administrative Science Quarterly，42(3)，421-444。  new window
22.Chang, S. K. C.(1985)。American and Chinese managers in U. S. companies in Taiwan: A comparison。California Management Review，27(4)，144-156。  new window
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25.Dumaine, B.(1997)。Asia's wealth creators confront a new reality。Fortune，December，42-52。  new window
26.樊景立、Leung, F.、Law, K.(1998)。On the cross-cultural validity of Holland's model of vocational choices in Hong Kong。Journal of Vocational Behavior，52，425-440。  new window
27.何友暉(1994)。Filial Piety, Authoritarian Moralism, and Cognitive Conservatism in Chinese Societies。Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs，120，347-365。  new window
28.Morgan, R. B.(1989)。Reliability and validity of a factor analytically derived measure of leadership behaviour and characteristics。Educational and Psychological Measurement，49，911-919。  new window
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會議論文
1.Pillutla, M.、樊景立、Lee, C.、Lin, Z.(1998)。Constrained behaviour: A cultural analysis of reward allocation in Chinese groups。San Diego。  new window
2.樊景立、Chen, X. P.(1999)。The effectiveness of transactional and transformational leader behaviours in Chinese organizations: Evidence from Taiwan。Chicago, IL。  new window
研究報告
1.鄭伯壎(1995)。不同家長權威價值與領導作風的關係：台灣民營企業的實徵研究 (計畫編號：NSC83-0301-H002-056)。台北：國科會。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Xia, R. J.(1987)。Participative decision-making behaviour in industrial organizations，Beijing, PRC。  new window
圖書
1.許烺光(1981)。Americans and Chinese: Passage to differences。Honolulu, HI：University of Hawaii Press。  new window
2.陳千玉(1992)。組織文化與領導。San Francisco, CA：Jossey-Bass Publishers。  延伸查詢new window
3.Smith, R. J.(1994)。China’s cultural heritage: The Qing dynasty, 1644-1912。Colorado：Westview Press。  new window
4.鄭伯壎(1990)。領導與情境--互動心理學研究途徑。臺北市：大洋出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.Redding, S. Gordon、謝婉瑩(2009)。華人資本主義精神。格致出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.Chu, Godwin C.、Ju, Y.(1993)。The Great Wall in Ruins: Coimnunication and Cultural Change in China。Albany：State University of New York Press。  new window
7.Whitley, Richard(1992)。Business systems in East Asia: firms, markets and societies。Sage。  new window
8.余英時(1976)。史學與傳統。台北：時報出版公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
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12.Walder, Andrew(1986)。Communist Neo- Traditional ism: Work and Authority in Chinese Industry。Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
13.Bass, B. M.(1996)。A new paradigm of leadership: An inquiry into transformational leadership。Alexandria, VA：U. S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioural and Social Sciences。  new window
14.Pye, L. W.(1985)。Asia Power and Politics。Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press。  new window
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16.Bass, Bernard M.(1985)。Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations。Free Press。  new window
17.Stogdill, Ralph Melvin(1974)。Handbook of leadership: A Survey of Theory and Research。New York, NY：Free Press。  new window
18.Yukl, Gary A.(1998)。Leadership in Organizations。Prentice Hall。  new window
19.Pye, Lucian W.(1981)。The Dynamics of Chinese Politics。Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain Publishers, Inc.。  new window
20.Chan, Wing-tsit(1963)。A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy。Princeton University Press。  new window
21.Silin, Robert H.(1976)。Leadership and Values: The Organization of Large Scale Taiwanese Enterprises。Harvard University Press。  new window
22.Simon, Herbert A.(1976)。Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization。New York：Free Press。  new window
23.Burns, James MacGregor(1978)。Leadership。Harper & Row。  new window
24.三隅二不二(1985)。The Behavioral Science of Leadership: An Interdisciplinary Japanese Research Program。The Behavioral Science of Leadership: An Interdisciplinary Japanese Research Program。Ann Arbor, MI。  new window
25.趙志裕、何友暉(1994)。Component Ideas of Individualism, Collectivism, and Social Organization。Individualism and Collectivism: Theory, Method, and Applications。Thousand Oaks, CA。  new window
26.徐聯倉(1989)。Comparative study of leadership between Chinese and Japanese managers based upon PM theory。Advances in Organizational Psychology。Amsterdam, Netherlands。  new window
27.楊聯陞(1957)。The Concept of 'Pao' as a Basis for Social Relations in China。Chinese thought and institutions。Chicago, IL。  new window
圖書論文
1.楊中芳(1987)。Familism and development: An examination of the role of family in contemporary China Mainland, Hong Kong, and Taiwan。Social values and development: Asian perspectives。New Delhi, India：Sage。  new window
2.Wu, D.(1996)。Chinese childhood socialization。The Handbook of Chinese People。Hong Kong：Oxford University Press。  new window
3.何友暉(1987)。Fatherhood in Chinese Culture。The Father's Role: Cross-cultural Perspectives。New Jersey：Hillsdale：Erlbaum。  new window
4.Ho, Y. F. David(1996)。Filial Piety and Its Psychological Consequences。The Handbook of Chinese Psychology。Oxford：Hong Kong：Oxford University Press。  new window
5.凌文輇(1991)。中國人的領導與行為。中國人、中國心--人格與社會篇。臺北市：遠流出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
6.楊國樞(1998)。家族化歷程、泛家族主義及組織管理。海峽兩岸之組織與管理。台北：遠流出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
7.Bellah, R. N.(1970)。Father and son in Christianity and Confucianism。Beyond belief: Essays on religion in a post-traditional world。New York：Harper & Row。  new window
8.Deyo, F. C.(1983)。Chinese management practices and work commitment in comparative perspective。The Chinese in Southeast Asia: Identity, culture and politics。Maruzen Asia。  new window
9.Smith, P. B.、Wang, Z. M.(1996)。Chinese leadership and organizational structures。The handbook of Chinese psychology。NY：Oxford University Press。  new window
10.Westwood, R. I.、Chan, A.(1992)。Headship and leadership。Organizational behaviour: Southeast Asian perspectives。Hong Kong：Longman。  new window
11.鄭伯壎(1998)。海峽兩岸組織文化之比較研究。海峽兩岸之企業文化。臺北：遠流出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
12.King, A. Y. C.(1996)。The transformation of Confucianism in the post-Confucian era: The emergence of rationalistic traditionalism in Hong Kong。Confucian traditions in East Asian modernity: Moral education and economic culture in Japan and the other four mini-dragons。Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press。  new window
13.Yang, K. S.(1996)。Psychological transformation of the Chinese people as a result of societal modernization。The handbook of Chinese psychology。Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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