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題名：家長式領導：三元模式的建構與測量
書刊名：本土心理學研究
作者：鄭伯壎 引用關係／周麗芳 引用關係／樊景立
作者(外文)：Cheng, Bor-shiuan／Chou, Li-fang／Farh, Jiing-lih
出版日期：2000
卷期：14
頁次：頁3-64
主題關鍵詞：仁慈領導；威權領導；家長式領導；德行領導；確認性因素分析；Paternalistic leadership；Authoritarian leadership；Benevolent leadership；Moral leadership；Confirmatory factor analysis
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(125) 博士論文(23) 專書(5) 專書論文(10)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:119
  • 共同引用共同引用:525
  • 點閱點閱:150
　　　　　家長式領導是華人社會特有的領導型態之一，其特色是在一種人治的氛圍下，彰 顯父親般的仁慈與威嚴，並且有道德的無私典範。針對此一現象，目前已有文化根源的分析 與概念的探討，可惜仍未有量化的實徵性研究，理由是欠缺具一定信、效度的工具，來測量 此一概念。本文的目的即在過去的研究基礎上，補足此一缺口，根據家長式領導的三種組成 要素： 威權、 仁慈及德行， 來編製家長式領導量表（ Paternalistic Leadership Scale,PLS ），並以確認性因素分析（ confirmatory factor analysis ）來檢驗其概念建 構。結果顯示，在臺灣企業組織與教育組織的樣本中，證明了此量表具有不錯的內部一致性 信度，且不論是仁慈、德行及威權分量表，或整個家長式領導三元模式的確認性因素分析， 皆現出不錯的建構效度。最後，討論了本研究的結果及家長式領導的未來研究方向。
　　　　　Paternalistic leadership, an indigenous leadership style in Chinese societies, is characterized by revealing fatherly benevolence and authoritarianism with moral integrity in a "personalistic" atmosphere. Using this definition, a triad model of paternalistic leadership was theoretically built and traced to Chinese cultural origins. However, up to the present, there is no quantitative empirical research in this domain. This study was designed to complement this defect. According to the three constituent elements of paternalistic leadership (PL) , namely, authoritarianism, benevolence, and morality, we constructed the Paternalistic Leadership Scale (PLS) and employed confirmatory factor analysis to examine its factorial composition. Within the samples from business organizations and education institutions in Taiwan, this scale was shown to have adequate internal consistency and clear factorial structure. Moreover, the PLS correlated with several related measures in a predictable manner. We concluded with discussion of our research findings, limitations, and implications for future research on paternalistic leadership.
期刊論文
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6.Gorsuch, Richard L.(1997)。Exploratory factor analysis: Its role in item analysis。Journal of Personality Assessment，68(3)，532-560。  new window
7.鄭伯壎、樊景立(20011200)。初探華人社會的社會取向：臺灣與大陸之比較研究。中華心理學刊，43(2)，207-221。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.樊景立、鄭伯壎(20000600)。華人組織的家長式領導：一項文化觀點的分析。本土心理學研究，13，127-180。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.鄭伯壎(19951200)。家長權威與領導行為之關係：一個臺灣民營企業主持人的個案研究。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，79，119-173。  延伸查詢new window
10.Hofstede, Geert H.、Bond, Michael Harris(1988)。The Confucius Connection: From Cultural Roots to Economic Growth。Organizational Dynamics，16(4)，5-21。  new window
11.Anderson, James C.、Gerbing, David W.(1988)。Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach。Psychological Bulletin，103(3)，411-423。  new window
12.鄭伯壎、莊仲仁(19811200)。基層軍事幹部有效領導行為之因素分析:領導績效、領導角色與領導行為的關係。中華心理學刊，23(2)，97-106。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Podsakoff, Philip M.、MacKenzie, Scott B.、Moorman, Robert H.、Fetter, Richard(1990)。Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors。The Leadership Quarterly，1(2)，107-142。  new window
14.鄭伯壎(19950200)。差序格局與華人組織行為。本土心理學研究，3，142-219。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.Boisot, Max、Child, John(1996)。From Fiefs to Clans and Network Capitalism: Explaining China's Emerging Economic Order。Administrative Science Quarterly，41(4)，600-628。  new window
16.Podsakoff, P. M.、MacKenzie, S. B.、Paine, J. B.、Bommer, W. H.(1996)。Transformational Leader Behaviors and Substitutes for Leadership As Determinants of Employee Satisfaction Commitment, Trust, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior。Journal of Management，22(2)，259-298。  new window
17.Bowers, D. G.、Seashore, S. E.(1966)。Predicting organizational effectiveness with a four-factor theory of leadership。Administrative Science Quarterly，11(2)，238-263。  new window
18.Lai, T.、Lam, Y.(1986)。A study on work-related values of managers in the People's Republic of China。The Hong Kong Manager，1986(Dec./Jan.)，23-41。  new window
19.Lai, T.、Lam, Y.(1986)。A study on work-related values of managers in the People's Republic of China。The Hong Kong Manager，1986(Feb./Mar.)，41-51。  new window
20.Lai, T.、Lam, Y.(1986)。A study on work-related values of managers in the People's Republic of China。The Hong Kong Manager，Apr/ May，7-17。  new window
21.三隅二不二、Petterson, M. F.(1985)。The performance-maintenance (PM) theory of leadership: Review of Japanese research program。Administrative Science Quarterly，30，198-223。  new window
22.凌文輇、陳龍、王登(1987)。領導行為評價量表的建構。心理學報，19，199-207。  延伸查詢new window
23.何友暉(1994)。Filial Piety, Authoritarian Moralism, and Cognitive Conservatism in Chinese Societies。Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs，120，347-365。  new window
24.House, R. J.、Jacobsen, C.(2001)。Dynamics of charismatic leadership: A process theory, simulation model, and tests。Leadership Quarterly，12，75-112。  new window
25.Grayson, D.、Marsh, H.(1994)。Longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis: Common, time-specific, item-specific, and residual-error components of variance。Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal，1，116-145。  new window
會議論文
1.Birnbaum, P. J.、Wong, G. Y. Y.(1985)。Cultural values of managers in the people's republic of China and Hong Kong。San Diego。  new window
2.Chong, L. E.、Cragin, J. P.、Scherling, S. A.(1983)。Manager work-related values in a Chinese corporation。San Francisco, CA。  new window
研究報告
1.鄭伯壎(1996)。家長權威與領導行為之關係探討 (計畫編號：NSC85-2413-H-002-005)。  延伸查詢new window
2.鄭伯壎(1995)。不同家長權威價值與領導作風的關係：台灣民營企業的實徵研究 (計畫編號：NSC83-0301-H002-056)。台北：國科會。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Smith, R. J.(1994)。China’s cultural heritage: The Qing dynasty, 1644-1912。Colorado：Westview Press。  new window
2.鄭伯壎(1990)。領導與情境--互動心理學研究途徑。臺北市：大洋出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.Smith, R. B.、Bond, M. H.(1993)。Social Psychology across Cultures: Analysis and Perspectives。Allyn and Bacon。  new window
4.Redding, S. Gordon、謝婉瑩(2009)。華人資本主義精神。格致出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.Whitley, Richard(1992)。Business systems in East Asia: firms, markets and societies。Sage。  new window
6.余英時(1976)。史學與傳統。台北：時報出版公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Pye, L. W.(1985)。Asia Power and Politics。Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press。  new window
8.Hofstede, Geert H.(1980)。Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values。Beverly Hills, California：Sage。  new window
9.Bass, Bernard M.(1985)。Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations。Free Press。  new window
10.Stogdill, Ralph Melvin(1974)。Handbook of leadership: A Survey of Theory and Research。New York, NY：Free Press。  new window
11.Yukl, Gary A.(1998)。Leadership in Organizations。Prentice Hall。  new window
12.Pye, Lucian W.(1981)。The Dynamics of Chinese Politics。Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain Publishers, Inc.。  new window
13.Chan, Wing-tsit(1963)。A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy。Princeton University Press。  new window
14.Silin, Robert H.(1976)。Leadership and Values: The Organization of Large Scale Taiwanese Enterprises。Harvard University Press。  new window
15.DeVellis, Robert F.(1991)。Scale Development: Theory and Applications。Sage。  new window
16.Nunnally, Jum C.、Bernstein, Ira H.(1978)。Psychometric Theory。McGraw-Hill。  new window
17.徐聯倉(1989)。Comparative study of leadership between Chinese and Japanese managers based upon PM theory。Advances in Organizational Psychology。Amsterdam, Netherlands。  new window
18.楊聯陞(1957)。The Concept of 'Pao' as a Basis for Social Relations in China。Chinese thought and institutions。Chicago, IL。  new window
圖書論文
1.House, R. J.、Aditya, R. N.、Wright, N. S.(1997)。Cross-cultural research on organizational leadership: A critical analysis and a proposed theory。New perspectives on international/organizational psychology。San Francisco, CA：New Lexington。  new window
2.凌文輇(1991)。中國人的領導與行為。中國人、中國心--人格與社會篇。臺北市：遠流出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
3.楊國樞(1998)。家族化歷程、泛家族主義及組織管理。海峽兩岸之組織與管理。台北：遠流出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
4.Bellah, R. N.(1970)。Father and son in Christianity and Confucianism。Beyond belief: Essays on religion in a post-traditional world。New York：Harper & Row。  new window
5.Hamilton, Gary G.(1997)。Organization and Market Processes in Taiwan's Capitalist Economy。The Economic Organization of East Asian Capitalism。Thousand Oaks, CA：Sage。  new window
6.Chemers, M. M.(1993)。An integrative theory of leadership。Leadership theory and research: Perspectives and directions。Academic Press。  new window
7.Westwood, R. I.、Chan, A.(1992)。Headship and leadership。Organizational behaviour: Southeast Asian perspectives。Hong Kong：Longman。  new window
8.Farh, Jiing-Lih、Cheng, Bor-Shiuan(2000)。A cultural analysis of paternalistic leadership in Chinese organizations。Management and organizations in the Chinese context。Macmillan。  new window
 
 
 
 
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