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題名:科學博物館家庭觀眾參觀型態之研究--成人家庭角色任務取向的解讀
作者:王啟祥
作者(外文):Chi-Hsiang Wang
校院名稱:高雄師範大學
系所名稱:成人教育研究所
指導教授:何青蓉
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2009
主題關鍵詞:博物館家長角色家庭觀眾觀眾研究身分認同MuseumParental roleFamily groupVisitor studyIdentity
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:50
本研究旨在從社會學中與角色有關的信念、價值、態度與規範,探討、解讀工博館家庭觀眾的參觀型態,研究問題主要聚焦於家庭團體參觀博物館可區分為那些類型?且其意涵為何?成人的家庭角色對於家庭團體參觀博物館的影響為何?,以及此一取向研究對於博物館實務與研究的啟示為何?
依據研究目的與問題,本研究利用觀察法運用數位錄影技術,蒐集、記錄家庭觀眾在工博館全程的參觀行為;並透過訪談方法,瞭解家庭觀眾的參觀動機與參觀感受。資料之蒐集與分析均透過方法的交叉檢正與研究人員的交叉檢正,以增進本研究之確實性與可靠性。自2006年2月至 2008年4月在工博館大廳入口以立意取樣方式選擇與徵詢家庭觀眾個案接受觀察與訪談意願後,進行資料之蒐集,總計蒐集16組家庭個案參觀行為資料。
資料分析結果,本研究歸納出「課業型」、「知識型」、「安親型」、「出遊型」及「興趣型」五種家庭參觀型態,顯現家庭團體博物館參觀行為的複雜性,對於博物館的營運實務的啟示是不能以同質族群來看待家庭觀眾,期待以同一行動方案來滿足所有類型的家庭觀眾;此外,成人家庭角色有關信念、價值、態度與規範是影響家庭參觀型態的主要因素之一,而且家庭團體博物館的參觀行為是以孩童為中心。因此,博物館如何促進家長的角色扮演,增進家庭的參觀意願與品質是值得關切的重點。
依據研究發現,本研究提出對於博物館實務經營建議、後續研究之建議,以及其他博物館進行整體性家庭觀眾研究之建議。
The purpose of this research is to explore and interpret the behaviors of family group visitors by employing the parental role approach in sociology. The research is based on how beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms of parental role motivate the family groups to visit a museum. Do different motivations for visiting lead family groups to different types of visits? What is the relationship between the motivation, behaviors and perception of the family groups during a visit?
To answer these questions, the study adopted the observation method by collecting and analyzing digital video recordings of the visiting behaviors of family groups at the National Science and Technology Museum (NSTM). In-depth interview was used to explore their motivations and perception of the visits. The collection and analysis of the data relied on the triangulation method, and further accuracy and reliability were obtained by multiple researcher triangulation. The study was conducted from February 2006 to April 2008 at the museum by purposive sampling of visiting families. Face-to-face interviews were implemented by their permission and proceeded data collection. A total of sixteen families were involved in this research.
The results of the findings demonstrate that parental role does have effects on the visiting behaviors of family groups. Parental role attributes to diverse visiting motivations. Different beliefs, values, attitudes and social norms result in five types of motivations: homework-based, knowledge-based, nanny-based, family outing-based, and hobby-based.
According to the findings, the study reveals that parental role is a potential factor that determines whether a family will visit a museum and behaviors through its visit. Parental role is also one of the factors that effect how a family participates in social interaction during a visit. The interaction between the parents and the children is also affected by the backgrounds of the parents. Over all, the study generates a deeper understanding of the nature of behaviors of family groups visiting a museum based on the exploration of parental role. It can help the museums to create a more family friendly environment.
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