This study explores the influence that the founders and supporters of private colleges and universities have on the operational performance of the colleges and universities. The validation results for financial and non-financial data of private colleges and universities between 2005 and 2009 indicate that schools supported by enterprises exhibited superior operational performance compared with that of schools supported by religious organizations. Schools that received no support from enterprises or religious organizations also exhibited a superior operational performance compared with that of schools supported by religious organizations. These findings suggested that the characteristics of the founders and supporters significantly influence the operational performance of private colleges and universities. Thus, this study proposed the hypothesis that subsidies awarded by the Ministry of Education and donations from civil societies are positively correlated to the operational performance of schools. The results showed that government subsidies and civil financial resources improved the operational performance of private colleges and universities, which supports the hypothesis. Among the control variables, universities were positively correlated to operational performance. This suggests that, because of a comparatively larger scale, superior reputation, and broader activity ranges, universities exhibit higher operational performance than other educational organizations.