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題名:國小教師專業認同型塑之後現代觀點探究
作者:王郁雯
作者(外文):WANG, YU-WEN
校院名稱:國立臺北教育大學
系所名稱:課程與教學研究所
指導教授:周淑卿
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2017
主題關鍵詞:專業認同國小教師後現代professional identityelementary school teacherpostmodernism
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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教師在學生學習與教育品質提升佔有重要地位已是不爭的事實,因此,確保教師品質是現今教育改革者、政策制定者重視的工作。為了改善教師品質與效能,許多教師專業發展機制,如:教師專業發展評鑑、各項計畫及獎勵標準,紛紛建立,希望教師透過參與歷程得以發展專業。然而,教師對於專業教師的界定與實踐有自身的想法與訴求,因此,教師專業發展主要立基於個人的專業認同,僅符合外在設立的標準是否就能稱之為專業教師?實有待商榷。
有鑑於此,本研究主要以後現代觀點探討:1. 國小教師對於個人專業性覺知與專業養成背景的關係;2. 國小教師對於專業的個人立論及其與外在專業論述協商的歷程;3. 教師在前述的協商歷程中專業認同的生成動態樣貌。希望透過教師專業認同的後現代視角,探究不同專業養成背景的教師,其專業認同型塑歷程、樣貌以及專業覺知性,將教師的專業認同置於專業發展相關改革政策的核心。
透過多重個案研究發現:1. 師資培育系統對於教師專業性覺知有一定程度的影響力,但影響程度各自有異,其中對於師範時期教師有深刻的影響,在師資班時期與教育學程時期的教師僅在初任教師階段發生作用;2. 教師專業認同與外在專業論述協商歷程中,學校環境以及重要他人扮演關鍵中介角色;3. 教師專業認同與外在專業論述協商歷程中會不斷地自我定位與游移,三位教師皆呈現出不同的樣態。事實上,教師專業認同的轉變並非是固定的,教師在與不同的專業論述協商過程中,會持續性的自我定位與游移,其中學生的學習成效、興趣與需求是重要的思考關鍵。
整體而言,教師專業認同型塑歷程總是處在生成中的旅程,建議教育改革者與政策制定者應重新省思教師專業發展的手段與內容,其中教師個人的專業認同是核心考量關鍵。
Many people believe that teachers play an important role in student learning and educational accomplishment; therefore, ensuring teacher quality is an essential task today. In order to improve teacher quality and teaching effectiveness, a system of Teacher Evaluation for Professional Development and the standards for teaching performance have been established by the Taiwanese government. However, teachers are able to develop their professionalism mainly drawing on their professional identity. Because teachers have their own thinking and action toward being a professional, which are greatly related to their professional identity, setting a standard makes it difficult to promote teacher professionalism. Moreover, teachers have become standard followers. They are hardly considered professional teachers. There is often a gap between the expectations of educational reformers and personal belief.
In this dissertation, I use a postmodern perspective to explore: (1) how three elementary school teachers from different teacher education systems perceive their professionalism; (2) how these teachers negotiate the meaning of being a professional teacher with dominant discourse’s creators in relation to their professional identity; (3) how their professional identity has been changing through ongoing negotiating, deconstructing, and reconstructing the meaning of teacher professionalism.
Utilizing a case study, the findings indicate that teacher education influences the formation of a teacher’s professional identity, which is connected with how they react to political discourse and expectations from principals, colleagues, and other stakeholders. The teacher who was cultivated by the Normal School system tends to follow the expectation of educational reformers; however, the other two teachers do not take people’s expectations seriously. They have been more flexible fitting into school culture. Besides, teacher’s professional identity has been constantly in forming and reforming process, in which the teacher training system, school culture and important others are the main mediums.
Moreover, I have also discovered that teachers’ professional identities have been changing through negotiating with creators of teacher professional discourse. The teachers in this research have been self-positioning when they encounter the different periods of teacher professional discourse. In addition, the teachers’ professional identities have been “in-between” in the same context; they often see themselves including the identities of a learner and a teacher. The “in-between” identity demonstrates somehow the characteristics of conflicting or intertwining. In fact, these transformations do not indicate that their professional identities have been a fixed condition. The teachers constantly position themselves while interacting with different professional discourse within society.
In conclusion, teacher professional identity shaping is ongoing, becoming as well as shifting. I suggest that educational reformers and policy makers must reconsider the means and content of professional development. Teachers can effectively develop professionalism when drawing on their professional identity.
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