This paper discusses the banjin or “savages” who lived in ordinary administrative regions in eastern Taiwan during Japanese colonial rule. One instinctively assumes that aborigines of the colonial period lived in the mountainous “savage lands” (banchi) which were governed separately from the rest of Taiwan; these aborigines, however, did not. They were not what we now call “cooked” (assimilated) aborigines or plains aborigines, but “raw” aborigines belonging mainly to the Amis, Puyuma, and Paiwan tribes. As “savages” residing in ordinary administrative regions where “people” predominated, these aborigines were governed and educated in a unique way. This paper traces the formulation of policy toward these aborigines, focusing particularly on educational issues. It is divided into four parts: an introduction, a survey of aborigines of ordinary administrative regions in eastern Taiwan and how the Japanese governed them, a discussion of these aborigines’ education, and a short conclusion.