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題名:山地國小數學教室裡的民族誌研究
作者:紀惠英
作者(外文):Huei-Ying Chi
校院名稱:國立臺灣師範大學
系所名稱:教育心理與輔導研究所
指導教授:何英奇
林福來
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2001
主題關鍵詞:民族誌研究山地國小泰雅族文化差異數學學習ethnographynative elementary schoolAtayalcultural differencesmathematical learning
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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山地國小數學教室裡的
民 族 誌 研 究
摘 要
基於個人的教學經驗,以及對原住民教育的關心,研究者以兩年多的時間,在山地國小(位於花蓮縣秀林鄉,99%的學生為泰雅族)進行田野研究,整個研究歷程包括「初探性研究」以及「正式研究」兩個階段。
由初探性研究中,研究者察覺到山地國小裡存在著「文化差異」的現象,因此,在正式研究階段,仍以民族誌為主要研究方法,然後採用觀察、晤談與文件分析等方法蒐集研究資料,以深入理解山地社區與山地學校之間的文化差異現象,並分析此等差異對於教師教學、師生互動、親師溝通與兒童學習的影響 。
研究結果顯示:現今的山地部落雖然對外交通便利,基本上仍是個封閉的社區,至於位於社區裡的山地國小,則是以傳遞漢文化為主要任務。所以,學校與社區之間,老師與原住民家長、兒童之間,常常都是各自以既有的文化背景,去詮釋對方的行為,難免在教學或互動過程中,造成誤解或挫折。而山地國小的原住民兒童,普遍都有數學學習困難的問題。經過研究者仔細檢視,一般認為的家庭背景因素、師資與教學資源等學校因素,以及原住民兒童本身的特質,都無法充分解釋原住民兒童數學學習困難的原因。影響原住民兒童數學學習的關鍵因素,在於「文化差異」。
由於文化的差異,原住民兒童在入學時,並未具備足以參與課堂社會互動的文化工具。而且,他們在日常生活中所建構的自發性概念,與學校所要教導的科學概念之間,存在著一道難以跨越的鴻溝,這道鴻溝,無法期望由家長或兒童自行解決,極須依賴學校系統的教學來改善。
故而,在本研究的最後,研究者針對原住民兒童自發性概念的特質,提出教學建議,讓教師們做為參考。同時,研究者也建議,未來有關原住民教育改革的研究,應該投入更多的基礎性研究與行動研究,才有可能在實際的教育現場裡,落實改革的理念。
The Ethnography of a Mathematics Classroom
in an Atayal Native Elementary School
Abstract
This paper reports on a field study which took place in an Atayal elementary school in Shiow-Lin County, Haulien.. A pilot study was conducted before formal study.
During the formal study, the researcher continued doing ethnography and utilized field teaching observation, interview, and document to gain data. Findings indicate that most of the teachers, students and parents in the Atayal elementary school feel frustrated; the Atayal students confronted more mathematical learning difficulties than non-native students. The causes are attributed to that the Atayal cultural tradition, community environment, family background, and students'''' learning style are different from those of the current mainstream school system. Among these attributions, the key factor, cultural differences between Han and Atayal cultures, is elucidated in this study.
Based on the findings, the study suggests that the cultural differences should be take into account when reforming the Atayal students'''' mathematics education, and the mathematical learning difficulties of Atayal students should be understood from social cultural perspectives. In addition, the reform of Atayal students'''' mathematics education should be implemented in the classrooms through basic and action research.
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