The study aims at probing into the Jean-François Lyotard's postmodern thoughts and expounding its significance in education by the method of educational hermeneutics. The thesis includes four parts. The first is to explore the historical background and the formation of Lyotard's postmodern thinking. The second is to interpret the content of Lyotard's thoughts, which could be integrated into the following three dimensions: (1) the issues of postmodern knowledge, (2) the issues of ethics, and (3) the issues of aesthetics of sublime. The third is to probe into the educational revelations of his theory. Here comes to three revelations: (1) In the issues of postmodern knowledge, Lyotard emphasized the importance of criticizing and questioning. He also changed the relationship between teachers and students. Besides, the ways of curriculum design and instructional methods were from simplification to diversity. (2) In ethics, he still stressed on the importance of diversity and practice. It's also important to cultivated students' ability of criticizing and promoted good interaction between teachers and students. (3) In aesthetics of sublime, Lyotard emphasized the importance of variety again. He extended not only the meaning of art, but also enhanced the development of aesthetic education. The final part is to integrate the research results and put forward suggestions for further studies. To sum up, the main ideas of Lyotard's postmodern thoughts are about diversity, differend and uncertainty. In fact, there exists a basic rule in the background of the differences. We should face the differences and reevaluate the so-called "truth" which we believed deeply in the past.