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題名:高齡學習者學習偏好、社會支持與幸福感關係之研究
作者:李嵩義
校院名稱:國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱:成人教育研究所
指導教授:王政彥
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:高齡學習者學習偏好社會支持幸福感elder learnerlearning preferencesocial supportwell-being
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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論文摘要:
本研究旨在探究高齡學習者學習偏好、社會支持與幸福感之關係,具體而言,本研究之目的有四:一、瞭解高齡學習者的學習偏好、社會支持與幸福感之現況。二、探討高齡學習者不同個人背景變項在學習偏好、社會支持及學習偏好在社會支持之差異情形。三、分析高齡學習者不同個人背景變項與學習偏好、社會支持及學習偏好與社會支持在幸福感之交互作用情形。四、探討高齡學習者學習偏好、社會支持對幸福感之預測情形。
研究方法主要採問卷調查法及半結構訪談法,以長青學苑、空中大學及國中補校,年滿55歲的高齡學習者為研究樣本,發出問卷1050份,有效回收961份,回收率為88.67%。主要研究工具有三:分別為改編之「學習偏好」量表、「社會支持」量表及「幸福感」量表。問卷所得資料輸入電腦,以電腦統計套裝軟體SPSS 10.0 for Windows進行統計分析,包括項目分析、因素分析、信度分析、次數分配、平均數、標準差、百分比、t考驗、χ2考驗、單因子變異數分析、二因子多變量變異數分析及多元迴歸分析等統計方法,加以處理。
本研究得到以下結論:一、高齡學習者的學習偏好情形明顯,就未排除兩種學習偏好以上的情形而言,以選擇兩種學習偏好以上者比例最高。若排除兩種學習偏好以上的高齡學習者,並以類別的互斥性為考量,以偏好自我學習者所佔比率最高。二、高齡學習者在社會支持狀況良好,以獲得學術支持最多。三、高齡學習者的幸福感狀況良好,以自我成長表現最佳。四、高齡學習者會因年齡及收入的不同而有不同的學習偏好。五、女性、75歲以上、教育程度為國中小、健康情形尚可及較差、在長青學苑學習、無收入的高齡學習者獲得較多的工具支持及訊息支持。六、偏好班級學習的高齡學習者獲得較多的工具支持。七、有高社會支持的高齡學習者其整體幸福感較佳。八、不同年齡、健康情形、學習時間、學習機構及收入與學習偏好相輔相成,能提升高齡學習者的幸福感。九、不同性別、年齡、健康情形、學習時間及學習機構與社會支持相輔相成,能提升高齡學習者的幸福感。十、不同學習偏好與社會支持相輔相成,能提升高齡學習者的幸福感。十一、高齡學習者的情感支持最能預測自我接納及環境掌控。十二、高齡學習者的學術支持最能預測自主性、自我成長、生活目標及正向關係。
根據以上結論,本研究提出對高齡學習者本身、高齡教育教師教學應用及高齡教育機構之建議。
The subjects of this study are elder learners and the study aims to understand the current general status of the learning preferences of the elder learners, social support, and the sense of well-being, to further discuss the correlation among the three. The purposes of this study are: (1) To understand the current conditions of the learning preferences of the elder learners, social support, and the sense of well-being. (2) To discuss the differences in learning preferences and social support due to different personal background variables of the elder learners, and the different social support received with different learning preferences. (3) To analyze the differences in learning preferences and social support due to different personal background variables of the elder learners, and the correlation between learning preferences, social support, and the sense of well-being. (4) To discuss the predictability on the sense of well-being based on the learning preferences of and social support given to elder learners.
The research mainly relies on questionnaire surveys with research samples selected from elder learner in elderly college, junior high supplementary school, open university. 1050 questionnaires were distributed with the effective return of 931 questionnaires. There are three major research tools: first is the modified “learning preference” scale; second is the self-created “social support” scale; third is the modified “well-being ” scale. The data obtained from the questionnaires were entered into computers whereon statistics software SPSS 10.0 for Windows run these data for the purpose of conducting statistic analyses, including item analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, frequency distribution, average, standard deviation, percentage, t-test, χ2-test, one-way MANOVA, two-way MANOVA, and stepwise multiple regressive.
The following conclusions were established by this study:
(1) Elder learners have displayed clear learning preferences
(2) Elder learners receive good social support and the highest being academic support.
(3) Elder learners enjoy a good sense of well-being with the best performance in self-growth.
(4) Elder learners display different learning preferences with differences in age and income.
(5) Female elder learners from the elderly college older than the age of 75 with an educational level of between primary and junior high schools and average or poorer health conditions, receive more support in tools and news.
(6) Elder learners who prefer class learning receive more support in tools.
(7) Elder learners who have received high social support enjoy a generally better sense of well-being.
(8) The coordination of different ages, health conditions, learning hours, learning organizations, income, and learning preferences, will improve the sense of well-being of the elder learners.
(9) The coordination of different genders, ages, health conditions, learning hours, learning organizations, and the society, will improve the sense of well-being of the elder learners.
(10) The coordination of different learning preferences and the society will improve the sense of well-being of the elder learners.
Finally, based on the conclusions, it provided concrete suggestions for elder learner, teachers, educational schools, and future studies.
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