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題名:華人師徒關係之建構與動態發展
作者:葉惠菁
作者(外文):Hui-Ching Yeh
校院名稱:元智大學
系所名稱:管理學院博士班
指導教授:陳家祥
周麗芳
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2011
主題關鍵詞:華人師徒關係關係社會互動社會學習Chinese Mentoring RelationshipGuanxiSocial InteractionSocial Learning
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古今中外,極大多數學者單純以功能面向、或學習面向探討師徒對偶關係,也提出相當一致的看法;然而,對華人師徒關係(mentoring relationship)而言,師徒之間的學習與關係(Guanxi)交錯相生,是很根本的現象。基於華人根深蒂固的關係主義,師徒對偶的角色本質、關係內涵、乃至於師徒之間的互動樣態,與既有師徒理論的應然都有相當程度的落差。有鑒於此,涉入現實生活、進行實徵性研究,對師徒關係的理論與實務極具有價值。
本研究從互動觀點出發,以華人師徒關係為主體,企圖整合華人關係取向、社會學習理論於師徒關係的應用,並指出華人師徒關係與西方師徒關係之間的本質差異。基於本研究之特性,研究者遵循質性研究的紮根理論法,立意抽樣十九位來自台灣八個不同產業的企業組織、具有師徒關係之經驗者為研究對象,針對師徒關係的建構與發展進行深入訪談。結果發現:在師徒互動的歷程中,公務與私人因素的考量是交錯的,學習與關係是兼顧的,並突顯出仁義相挺、狀況共有的特性;相對於西方重視師徒關係的功能,華人師徒牽動長期關係的轉化,而學習成長伴隨於互動關係,兩者緊緊相扣。雖然,互動的內涵、回報的內容會改變,但是,互動角色規範一直都存在著,而徒弟也還是會持續感恩;又擬家人情感與華人關係也演化、鑲嵌於師徒關係中。另外,針對華人師徒關係之建構與動態發展,本研究亦提出三階段模型,以說明師徒關係的創造、擴展與轉化,以及學習關係的啟動、延伸與維繫。最後,本文提出本研究在師徒理論上的意涵。
Using exploratory, semi-structured interviews with nineteen Chinese employees who come from eight companies and have mentoring experiences, we investigated the evolution of Chinese mentoring relationship and how guanxi influences their learning relationship. The conceptual model was revealed to highlight the symmetric developmental process of Chinese mentoring relationship: 1) unidirectional learning, the protégé is facilitated to learn by the self-learning mentor, arises in the mentoring relationship creation and learning process start-up phase; 2) two-way learning, both the mentor and protégé learn more through their interactions, begins in the mentoring relationship reinforcement and learning process change phase; 3) and joint learning, mentoring dyad grows reciprocally and become more mature, happens in the mentoring relationship conversion and learning process extension phase. Finally, pragmatic and theoretical implications were discussed and limitations of this study also were indicated.
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