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題名:不同學習型態學生學習表現的探討--解釋推理及問題解決能力
書刊名:科學教育學刊
作者:張美玉 引用關係吳玉明
作者(外文):Chang, Mei-yuWu, Yu-ming
出版日期:1999
卷期:7:3
頁次:頁255-280
主題關鍵詞:建構取向的教學策略學習型態預測解釋推理問題解決Learning stylePredictionExplanationReasoningProblem-solving
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:248
  • 點閱點閱:57
     本研究主要的目的在探討建構取向的教學中不同學習型態學生在解釋推理及問題 解決能力的學習表現。採用質性非參與性研究法,以國小六年級四十七位學生為研究對象, 將學生區分為積極主動、慎思熟慮、按部就班及漠不關心等四種不同的學習型態。研究者透 過教室觀察、訪談、田野筆記等方式蒐集不同學習型態學生學習的表現資料。本研究之主要 發現有以下幾點: 1. 自然科的學習涉及許多科學概念,教師讓學生有猜測和解釋的機會,可以幫助學生澄清科 學概念。 2. 以不同學習型態來區分,在課堂中以積極主動型的學生在預測、解釋與推理能力方面表現 最佳,其次是審慎思考型的學生;按部就班型以及漠不關心型的學生,則多以傾聽同儕發表 意見為主,他們往往是要教師指定才回答,而且答案相當簡短。 3. 影響學生預測、解釋以及推理能力的因素有:(1)教師的引導。(2)舊經驗的影響。(3)和同 儕相互辯證的結果。(4)閱讀課外書籍的有無。(5)個人意願,以及(6)分組討論的結果。 4. 教師能提供學生小組討論或是全班共同討論的機會愈多,愈能增進學生在問題解決方面的 能力。教師不立即告知學生解決問題的方法是對或錯,將有助於同儕間能以不同的角度思考 如何解決所遭遇的問題。 5. 以以不同的學習型態區分,積極主動型和慎思熟慮型的學生在課當中傾向以自我想法和以 舊經驗進行問題解決,而按部就班型和漠不關心型的學生,則較少在共同討論時提出想法, 遇到問題時,則多傾向根據課本的方法進行問題解決。
     The purpose of this research was to investigate the performance of students with different learning styles within a constructivist instructional approach. A qualitative research method was used to investigate the learning of sixth grade students. Data were collected using non-participant observation, interviews and document analysis techniques. Student learning styles were separated into four categories: active, reflective, systematic and indifferent students. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Learning in science involves many concrete and abstract concepts, giving students ample opportunities to predict and to explain science phenomena can assist students on concept clarification. 2. The performance of students in prediction, explanation and reasoning follows the order that active students are better than the reflective students, which in turn are better than the systematic and indifferent students. The systematic and indifferent students participated in classroom discussion passively and expressed their opinions only when requested by the teacher. 3. Factors that affect student abilities in explanation and reasoning include (1) guiding from the teacher (2) past experiences (3) discussion with peer students (4) availability of extra curriculum books (5) willingness (6) group discussion. 4. The ability of students to examine a problem from different viewpoints can be improved if the teacher does not provide immediate answers to questions posed during instruction. 5. The active and the reflective students tend to use their own ideas and past experiences to solve problems, whereas the systematic and indifferent students rarely expressed their opinion in group or class discussion. They solved problems based mainly on the methods suggested in the textbook.
期刊論文
1.陳冠州(1994)。建構式教學法在國小數學科之探討。教師之友,35(5),37-44。  延伸查詢new window
2.吳武典、蔡崇建(19860600)。國中資優學生的認知方式與學習方式之探討。特殊教育研究學刊,2,219-230。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.蔡崇建(19880600)。國中資優學生學習方式之偏好與經驗的相適性及其與學習表現之關係。特殊教育研究學刊,4,155-170。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.張美玉(19980600)。建構取向的科學教室內師生互動實例。科學教育學刊,6(2),149-168。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.賴慶三(19950600)。自然科學教學策略培養學生民主素養之探討。臺北師院學報,8,393-412。  延伸查詢new window
6.Dunn, R.、Griggs, S. A.(1984)。Selected case studies of the learning style preferences of gifted students。Gifted Child Quarterly,28(3),115-119。  new window
7.Ross, B. H.、Kennedy, P. T.(1990)。Generalizing from the use of earlier examples in problems solving。Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,16(1),42-55。  new window
8.郭重吉(1987)。英美等國晚近對學生學習風格之研究。資優教育,22,2-8。  延伸查詢new window
9.朱湘吉(19920400)。新觀念、新挑戰--建構主義的教學系統。教學科技與媒體,2,15-20。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.朱則剛(19960600)。建構主義知識論對教學與教學研究的意義。教育研究,49,39-45。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.邱美虹、翁雪琴(19950300)。國三學生「四季成因」之心智模式與推論歷程之探討。科學教育學刊,3(1),23-68。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.邱美虹、陳英嫻(19950600)。月相盈虧之概念改變。師大學報,40,509-548。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.張美玉(19960600)。歷程檔案評量在建構教學之應用:一個科學的實徵研究。教學科技與媒體,27,31-46。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Driver, R.、Oldham, V.(1986)。A constructivist approach to curriculum development in science。Studies in Science Education,13(1),105-122。  new window
15.Nussbaum, J.(1989)。Classroom conceptual change: philosophical perspectives。International Journal of Science Education,11(5),530-540。  new window
16.彭森明(19960300)。實作評量(Performance Assessment)理論與實際。教育資料與研究,9,44-48。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.郭重吉(19880600)。從認知觀點探討自然科學的學習。教育學院學報,13,351-379。  延伸查詢new window
18.林生傳(19850600)。國中學生學習式態之相關因素及其與學校教育態度、學業成就的關係。教育學刊,6,320-268。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.張景媛(19880600)。教學類型與學習類型適配性研究暨學生學習適應理論模式的驗證。教育心理學報,21,113-172。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.郭重吉、許玫理(19920600)。從科學哲學觀點的演變探討科學教育的過去與未來。彰化師範大學學報,3,531-561。  延伸查詢new window
21.郭重吉(19960600)。建構論:科學哲學的省思。教育研究月刊,49,16-24。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.許良榮(19931200)。談建構主義之理論觀點與教學的爭論。國教輔導,33(2)=298,7-12。  延伸查詢new window
23.郭重吉(19920500)。從建構主義的觀點探討中小學數理教學的改進。科學發展月刊,20(5),548-570。  延伸查詢new window
24.郭重吉(19870600)。評介學習風格之有關研究。資優教育,23,7-16。  延伸查詢new window
25.吳璧純(19960600)。從變異與選擇建構論的觀點看另類評量。教育研究月刊,49,46-61。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.郭重吉(1987)。學生學習風格的研究及其在科學教育上的應用。中華民國七十五年度科學教育學術研討會,187-203。  延伸查詢new window
2.Maor, D.(1991)。Development of student inquiry skills: a constructivist approach in a computerized classroom environment。The Annual Meeting of the Nation Association for Research in Science Teaching。  new window
研究報告
1.郭重吉、江武雄(1992)。從協助建構主義的觀點探討國中理化教學的改進。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.林麗琳(1995)。國小資優班與普通班學生學習風格、學習適應與學業成就關係之研究(碩士論文)。國立台南師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
2.張詠盛(1989)。「評量國中學生學習風格」專家系統的建立之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃玉枝(1991)。國中資優學生與普通學生學習風格及學校適應之比較研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.Guild, P. O.(1980)。Learning styles: knowledge, issues and applications for classroom teachers(博士論文)。University of Massachusetts。  new window
5.范毓娟(1994)。在國中理化課程中試行建構主義教學之個案研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.鄭美玲(1986)。國小資優學生的學習方式及其相關因素之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.李暉(1993)。國中理化教師試行建構主義教學之個案研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.伍振鷟(1992)。教育哲學。台北市:師大書苑。  延伸查詢new window
2.吳俊升(1991)。教育哲學大綱。台北:商務書局。  延伸查詢new window
3.Honey, P.、Mumford, A.(1989)。Learning styles questionnaire-trainer guide。PA:Organization design and development, Inc.。  new window
4.Keefe, J. W.(1987)。Learning style theory and practice。National Association of Secondary School Principals。  new window
5.Kolb, D. A.(1984)。Experiential learning: Experience as the resource of learning and development。Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall。  new window
6.教育部國民小學課程標準編輯審查小組(1993)。國民小學課程標準。臺北市:教育部。  延伸查詢new window
7.朱則剛(1994)。教育工學的發展與派典演化。台北:師大書苑。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.吳明清(1991)。教育研究:基本觀念與方法之分析。台北市:五南。  延伸查詢new window
9.張春興(1994)。教育心理學:三化取向的理論與實踐。東華書局。  延伸查詢new window
單篇論文
1.Dunn, R.,Krimsky, J.,Barretto, A. R.,Freeley, M. E.,Primavera, L.,Sinatra, R.(1983)。Light: One element of learning style(No. ED 338 659)。  new window
2.Curry, L.(1990)。Learning styles in secondary schools: A review of instruments and implications for their use(ED 317283)。  new window
3.Irby, J. R.(1992)。Creating the culture of journalism(No. ED 349 579)。  new window
4.English, L. D.(1993)。Children's construction of mathematical knowledge in solving novel isomorphic problems in concrete and written form(ED 367540)。  new window
5.Scott, P.,Dyson, T.,Gater, S.(1987)。A constructivist view of learning and teaching in science. Children's learning in science project(ED 287706)。  new window
6.Roth, W. M.(1991)。Aspects of cognitive apprenticeship in science teaching(No. ED 337 350)。  new window
7.Roth, W. M.(1990)。Collaboration and constructivism in the science classroom(No. ED 318 631)。  new window
8.Tomasini, N. G.,Gandolfi, E.,Balandi, B. P.(1990)。Teaching strategies and conceptual change: Sinking and floating at elementary school level(ED 326428)。  new window
9.Semple, E. E.(1982)。Learning styles. A review of the literature(ED 222477)。  new window
圖書論文
1.Driver, R.(1995)。Constructivist approaches to science teaching。Constructivism in Education。New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.。  new window
2.Gregorc, A. R.(1979)。Learning/Teaching styles。Student learning styles: Diagnosing and prescribing programs。Reston, VA:National Association of Secondary School Principals。  new window
3.McKnight, B. J.(1989)。Problem solving in elementary school science。Problem solving。Washington, DC:NSTA。  new window
4.Ross, B. H.(1989)。Remindings in learning and instruction。Similarity and analogical reasoning。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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