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題名:影響初任教師教學活動之因素:城鄉差異之比較研究
書刊名:初等教育學報
作者:葉郁菁 引用關係
作者(外文):Yeh, Yu-ching
出版日期:1996
卷期:9
頁次:頁399-428
主題關鍵詞:初任教師教學活動
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:200
  • 點閱點閱:116
     本研究的目的在比較師院大五結業實習生分發到城市與鄉村地區學校後,其教學活動的差異,並探討因城鄉差異對初任教師產生的影響。學者探討實習教師問題時,較少對不同地區的初任教師做比較,同時以質的研究,對初任教師做長期觀察和訪談的研究並不多。事實上,區位因素對初任教師有極大的影響。本研究執行的範圍以臺南縣市的五所小學為主,其類型涵蓋都市中心、都市邊緣、郊區新市鎮、鄉村、偏遠山地和離島等各社區類型。研究者從教育社會學的角度,分析了初任教師在教學活動過程中,影響課程傳遞、教具運用和研習活動三項議題的可能因素,並提出以下結論和建議: (一)課程傳授:初任教師與學生的互動因城鄉地區不同有所差異。學生學習能力與班級人數大小在城市和鄉村學校有所差別,初任教師也有不同的因應方式。都市學校的學生雖然也有反應慢或學習困難者,但老師不會為這些少數人改變教學方式;在鄉村或偏遠地區則可能因為學習遲緩的學生較多,老師必須遷就學生,改變教學,相形之下,他們有更多機會可以反省、改變其教學方式。 (二)教育運用:都市地區擁有比鄉村學校更多的教具和教學設備,初任教師(尤其是低年級教師)認為對他們的幫助很大;生動活潑的教具較能吸引學童注意,提高學習樂趣。但鄉村地區的老師在教具缺乏的情況下,必須自製教具,或利用學校附近現有的資源。 (三)研習活動:偏遠地區的初任教師參與研習活動的機會經常受限於交通及代課老師因素;初任教師是否可以將研習內容運用到自己班上,則有賴班上的學生配合。偏遠地區的初任教師發現研習內容與學童的接受度有差距。 師資養成過程中應同時加強實習老師反省的能力,使他們有能力應變不同學習能力的學童;其次,教育單位可提供學校軟體方面的補助;最後 ,研習活動的內容可考慮針對偏遠地區初任教師的需要設計,研習活動的地點也可更具彈性,未來網際網路的使用,也可使教師進修的資訊更加流通。
     The focus of this research is to look at the early stages of teacher socialization in Taiwan. This research uses a case study approach. The data were drawn from field experiences and were collected through classroom observations, tape-recorded interviews, and the collection of documents. Different types of schools in Tainan City and County were selected which include schools in the city-centre, urban-rural fringe, new towns, farming villages, and mountain villages in order to make a comparison and contrast the first-year teachers' teaching in different school areas. Twenty-seven teachers were involved in this research. It would appeaer that the geographical variations are important factors in determining and shaping the professional life of the first-year teachers. Therefore, we have identified and focused on urban and rural schools where such differences in terms of socializing effects can be illustrated. The findings are drawn into three main issues: transmission of curriulum, teaching materials, and INSET workshops. During the process of socialization, rural teachers might spend a great deal of time teaching slow learners, which might give them a chance for reflecting on their teaching. Rural teachers had to make their own teaching materials. If they did not have time to make all the materials, then in stead of students working in groups, or working on activities, the rural teachers tended to engage in chalk and talk. They encountered challenges and difficulties within this situation. Thirdly, the workshops will be available for all teachers. However, because of the gepgraphical distance, rural teachers were disadvantaged because of the difficulties of attending the workshops. Furthermore, the content of the workshops appeared to be more suitable for urban teachers.
期刊論文
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2.Bullough, R. V.、Knowles, J. G.、Crow, N. A.(1989)。Teacher self- concept and student culture in the first year of teaching。Teacher College Record,91(2),209-233。  new window
3.葉郁菁(19950600)。從英國「契約教師計畫」看我國的師資培育制度。初等教育學報,8,275-297。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.林生傳(19880600)。國中教師專業行為的環境因素之分析與推測。教育研究(高師),2,376-337。  延伸查詢new window
5.葉郁菁(19940800)。英國小學兒童性別認同差異之個案研究。初等教育學報,7,311-334。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.張淑美(19940300)。不同地區教育機會差異之探討。高雄師大學報,5,366-342。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Zeichner, K. M.(1981)。Reflective teaching and field-based experience in teacher education。Interchange,12(4),1-22。  new window
8.Calderhead, J.(1988)。The contribution of field experiences to student primary teachers' professional learning。Research in Education,40,33-49。  new window
9.薛梨真(19911000)。國小實習教師實習困擾與輔導策略之研究。高市鐸聲,2(1),62-70。  延伸查詢new window
10.Farber, K. S.、Armaline, W. D.(1994)。Examining cultural conflict in urban field experiences through the use of reflective thinking。Teacher Education Quarterly,21(2),59-76。  new window
11.Guenther, J.、Weible, T.(1983)。Preparing teachers for rural schools。Rural Education,1(2),59-61。  new window
12.Rust, F. O.(1994)。The first year of teaching: it's not what they expected。Teaching and Teacher Education,8(1),83-90。  new window
13.Vonk, J. H. C.(1983)。Problems of the beginning teacher。European Journal of Teacher Education,6(2),133-150。  new window
14.Wubbles, T.(1992)。Taking account of student teachers' preconceptions。Teaching and Teacher Education,8(2),137-149。  new window
15.楊深坑、歐用生、王秋絨、湯維玲、劉文惠(19920600)。我國實習教師制度之規劃研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所集刊,34,143-179。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Veenman, Simon(1984)。Perceived Problems of Beginning Teachers。Review of Educational Research,54(2),143-178。  new window
17.郭丁熒(19940800)。評析「人種誌」在教師實習研究中之應用--以Petersen及張芬芬之博士論文為例。初等教育學報,7,251-275。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.孫敏芝(1988)。教室俗民誌的初步探討與反省。質的探討在教育研究上的應用學術研討會。屏東:省立屏東師範學院。23-39。  延伸查詢new window
2.顏素霞(1993)。屏東師範學院結業實習生實習困擾及實習現況之調查分析。八十一學年度師範院校教育學術論文發表會。國立台中師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.李保玉(1991)。新制師院生角色認同與自我期許之研究。台東師院。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.饒見維、楊基銓、王筱篁、王玲珍(1994)。國小教師資格檢定項目之研究。  延伸查詢new window
3.內政部(1994)。中華民國台閩人口統計月刊。台北:內政部。  延伸查詢new window
4.台南市政府(1993)。台南市統計要覽(民國八十一年)。台南市:台南市政府。  延伸查詢new window
5.台南市政府(1994)。台南市教育概況(民國八十三年)。台南市政府教育局。  延伸查詢new window
6.台南縣政府(1993)。台南縣統計要覽(民國八十一年)。  延伸查詢new window
7.澎湖縣政府(1992)。澎湖縣統計要覽(民國八十年)。澎湖縣政府。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.王以仁(1982)。臺灣省國民小學所在地區、規模大小與教育素質有關因素之調查研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.Yeh, Yu-ching(1993)。Gender Differences in a Junior School: A Case Study(碩士論文)。University of York。  new window
3.陳麗華(1993)。國小實習教師的社會科教學推理之研究(博士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.鍾任琴(1994)。國小實習教師教育專業信念發展之研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學,台北市。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.陳正昌(1994)。從教育機會均等觀點探討家庭、學校與國小學生學業成就之關係(博士論文)。國立政治大學,臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Burgess, R. G.(1984)。In the field: An introduction to field research。London:Routledge。  new window
2.熊智銳(1990)。中小學校教育情境研究。臺北市:五南。  延伸查詢new window
3.Grace, G.(1978)。Teachers, ideology and control: a study in urban education。London:Routledge & Kegan Paul。  new window
4.傑達‧馬特拉斯、李明(1990)。社會不平等--社會階層化與流動。台北:桂冠圖書股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
5.Waller, W.(1932)。The sociology of teaching。John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
6.林清江(1981)。教育社會學新論:我國社會與教育關係之研究。臺北市:五南圖書出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
7.鄭熙彥(1994)。學校教育與社區發展。高雄:復文。  延伸查詢new window
8.Blyth, W. A. L.(1965)。English Primary Education: A Sociological Description, Vol II: Background。London:Routledge & Kegan Paul。  new window
9.Brown , S.、Earley, P.(1990)。English Primary Education--A Sociological Description, Vol II: Background。London:Routledge & Kegan Paul。  new window
10.Nash, R.(1980)。Schooling in Rural Societies。London:Methuen。  new window
11.Yeh, Y. C.(1995)。The First Year Teachers in Different School Areas。University of York:Department of Educational Studies。  new window
12.楊瑩(1994)。教育機會均等--教育社會學的探究。臺北市:師大書苑。  延伸查詢new window
13.黃瑞琴(1991)。質的教育研究方法。臺北市:心理。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.教育部(1995)。中華民國教育報吿書。  延伸查詢new window
2.(19941216)。漁村人口外流,學童跟著走。  延伸查詢new window
3.(19950409)。四年內提升原住民就學率。  延伸查詢new window
4.陳英豪(1994)。加強人文精神,促進祥和社會的實現(向省議員第九屆第十次定期大會工作報吿)。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.LaBoskey, V. K.(1993)。A conceptual framework for reflection in preservice teacher education。Conceptualizing reflection in teacher development。London:The Falmer Press。  new window
2.Zeichner, K. M.、Tabachnick, B. R.、Densmore, K.(1987)。Individual, institutional, and cultural influences on the development of teachers' craft knowledge。Exploring teachers' thinking。London:G. B. Wiltshire:Cassell:Cassell Educational Limited。  new window
3.McIntyre, D.(1988)。Designing a teacher education curriculum from research and theory on teacher knowledge。Teachers professional learning。London:The Falmer Press。  new window
4.Guyton, E.、McIntyre, D. J.(1990)。Student teaching and school experiences。Handbook of research on teacher education。New York:MacMillan Publishing Company。  new window
5.Stenhouse, L.(1984)。Library Access, Library Use, and User Education in Academic Sixth Forms: an autobiographical account。The Research Process in Educational Studings: Ten Case Studies。  new window
6.Walker, R.(1993)。The conduct of educational case studies: ethics, theory and procedures。Controversies in Classroom Research。Buckingham:Open University Press。  new window
7.高強華(1996)。教師社會化研究及其在師資培育上的意義。教育專業。臺北:師大書苑有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
8.Busher, H.、Clarke, S.、Taggart, L.(1988)。Beginning teachers' learning。Teachers' Professional Learning。London:The Falmer Press。  new window
9.Fullen, M.(1985)。In tegrating theory and practice。Rethinking Teacher Education。London:Croom Helm。  new window
10.Muse, I.、Thomas, G. J.(1992)。Elementary education。Education in the Rural American Community。Malabar, Florida:Krieger Publishing Company。  new window
11.Russell, T.(1988)。Critical attributes of a reflective teachers: Is agreement possible?。Conceptualizing Reflection in Teacher Education。London:The Falmer Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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