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題名:臺北市教師行動研究之批判論述分析
作者:林淑女
作者(外文):Shu-Nu Lin
校院名稱:國立臺北教育大學
系所名稱:教育經營與管理學系
指導教授:歐用生
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:行動研究批判論述分析action researcha critical discourse analysis
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在探究臺北市國小教師行動研究的實施情況,透過批判論述分析的研究方法,挖掘行動研究實施的深層問題。
本研究首先對於行動研究進行文獻探討,以奠定本研究的理論基礎;其次,以Fairclough的批判論述分析模式,建立本研究的分析架構。本研究對行動研究進行三層次分析:作品文本分析、過程分析及社會分析。在資料蒐集方面,以第一屆到第十屆「臺北市教師行動研究成果彙編」論文組優選作品為主要的文本分析資料,其次輔以教育局政策辦法及各校行動研究實施的相關文件資料;然後,針對1位政策擬訂者、1位學者、10位學校行政領導者及16位教師進行訪談,以建立訪談文本。最後根據三層次分析的結果進行綜合討論以形成結論與建議。
本研究結論如下:
壹、教師行動研究存在著主流價值的意識型態,難以展現批判解放的意圖
一、受到全球化論述的影響,教師偏重國語、英語及數學等主流學科知識的研究
二、教師僅關心教學技術的問題解決,忽視社會正義問題,陷入文化再製危機
三、研究取向脫離不了實證主義的色彩,陷入「自我應驗」的陷阱
貳、行動研究生產過程,行政領導者、專家學者及教師彼此之間存在著知識與權力
關係
一、行政領導者站在論述的主要地位,行動研究受到權力宰制
二、教師受到專家知識的技術宰制,為了得獎失去自我的聲音
三、協同研究流於表象,教師之間形成另一種階級化現象
參、行動研究的詮釋失去其真實意義,行動研究被商品化,教師被標籤化
一、行動研究的詮釋與解讀被過度簡化
二、行政領導者及教師對於得獎的關注勝過專業成長
三、行動研究被視為學校行銷的績效,教師被間接消費與標籤化。
肆、行動研究的政策擬定隱含政治因素,且缺乏公共論述。
一、臺北市行動研究的實施背景隱藏著教師評鑑的政治訴求
二、行動研究的實施缺乏公共論述,造成教師的錯誤解讀與消極性行為
根據上述結論,本研究提出幾點建議如下:
壹、對於教育當局的建議
一、教育政策應該展開公共論述,給予教師發聲的機會
二、與師資培育機構建立合作關係,充實學校人員的行動研究專業知能
三、整合相關的教育政策,健全教師研究的配套措施
四、發揮行動研究成果分享的作用,建立知識管理與分享平台
五、對行動研究實施現況進行整體的省思與評估
貳、對於學校行政領導者的建議
一、反思校內行動研究實施現況
二、引導教師從外在動機到內在動機
叁、對教師的建議
一、充實行動研究專業知能,朝向批判層次的行動研究
二、理解教師行動研究的必要性,激發自我的研究熱情
肆、對後續研究的建議
一、本研究採取批判論述分析的研究方法雖然可以發覺行動研究更深層的問題但在
方法論的應用及轉化上仍有其限制。
二、建議未來可以對其他課程政策的相關議題進行批判論述分析。
The research is so conducted as to have a better understanding of the implementation of the action researches conducted by the elementary school teachers in Taipei. Through the method based on the theory of a critical discourse analysis, problems with regard to the implementation of the action researches will be presented.
In the first place, documentation regarding the action researches is explored so as to be the theoretical structure of this research. Secondly, a model based on Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis is so set as to be the analytical structure of this research. A three-layered analysis is applied in this research: analysis of the body of the work, that of the process and that of the society. So far as the collection of document is concerned, a compilation of excellent works chosen from “ A Compilation of Action Researches Conducted by the Teachers in Taipei “ ( from the 1st to the 10th term ) together with the regulations set by the Bureau of Education and those set by each school will be deliberately analyzed. And interviews among one policy maker, one scholar, ten administrators in school and sixteen teachers are made so as to be the main body of the interviewing document. Conclusions and suggestions will be made on account of the result of the analysis and that of discussion.
The conclusions of this research are:
A. There exists nothing but the ideology of the mainstream value in the action researches conducted by the teachers. Therefore, it is hard to present any critical and liberating intention.
1. Under the influence of globalized discourse, the teachers pay too much attention to the research in the field of Chinese, English and Mathematics – what they consider as the mainstream subjects.
2. The teachers care only about the solution of technical problems in teaching, ignoring completely social justice and falling into the crisis of cultural reproduction.
3. The research has an orientation towards Positivism which lures the teachers into the snare of self-fulfillment.
B. There exists, in the process of action research, a kind of knowledge and authority relationship among the administrators, experts and teachers.
1. The administrators predominate over the action research, which influences the direction of the action research.
2. The experts predominate over the teachers. To win a prize, the teachers lose their own ideas.
3. To work in coordination with other teacher is superficial and results in a kind of hierarchical phenomena.
C. The interpretation of action research loses its real meaning. The action research tends to be commercialized and the teachers labeled.
1. The interpretation and understanding of action research tends to be over-simplified.
2. The administrators and teachers prefer prize winning to specialized growth.
3. The action research is regarded as some sorts of school achievements, the teachers are consumed and labeled indirectly.
D. The topic of an action research connotes some political factors which is short of public discourse.
1. The background of the implementation of the action researches conducted by the teachers in Taipei connotes some political purposes asking for teachers’ assessment.
2. The implementation of the action research is short of public discourse which causes the teachers to interpret it mistakenly and behave negatively.
Suggestions based on the aforesaid conclusions include:
A. To the education authority:
1. Any policy concerning education should be debated publicly and the teachers granted opportunities to speak out loudly.
2. A cooperative relationship with the teachers’ training organization and a complete training for the conducting of action research by all the members in a school should be set up.
3. To integrate the policies concerning education and to form a complete set of research model are indispensible.
4. To share the merit of action research and to build up a platform for the management and sharing of knowledge are required.
5. A thorough review and assessment of the implementation of the action research should be conducted.
B. To the administrators in a school:
1. To introspect the present situation of the implementation of action research in their schools.
2. To lead their teachers to conduct, from external motives to internal motives, the action research.
C. To the teachers:
1. To replenish your ability in conducting an action research especially towards a critical action research is very important.
2. The teachers’ understanding of the necessity of an action research should be strengthened and their passion for self-research be stimulated.
D. Suggestions for further studies:
1. Based on the theory of critical discourse analysis, the research is, without doubt, helpful for the understanding of the problems with regard to the implementation of action research, but there is still some limitation regarding the application and transformation of methodology.
2. The theory of critical discourse analysis can also be used in other subjects related.
中文
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