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題名:組織知識創新模式與量表建構之研究:以成人教育組織為例
作者:蕭佳純 引用關係
作者(外文):Chia-Chun, Hsiao
校院名稱:國立中正大學
系所名稱:成人及繼續教育研究所
指導教授:胡夢鯨
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2005
主題關鍵詞:知識創新知識創新模式知識創新量表影響因素成人教育組織knowledge innovationknowledge innovation modelknowledge innovation scaleinfluential factorsadult education organization
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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新經濟時代屬於知識經濟為主的時代,經營知識已成為組織當前最為重要的課題,包括:知識累積、知識分享、知識應用、知識轉換和知識創新五大要項,做好知識創新也就是擁有競爭的力量。未來企業取得競爭優勢的主要來源在於知識資產之持續創新,如何吸收外來知識,結合本身的既有知識及創造力,以提出新技術、新產品、新管理方式的能力,此即本研究所欲探討之主題﹘知識創新。知識的創新必須納入組織結構中,組織必須不斷改進所做的每一件事,必須有系統地運用與高度的參與知識的創新,此外,也需要不斷地開發新知識,組織如果不進行創新將會被淘汰。從實務的角度觀之,知識創新的內涵複雜,成人教育機構與企業組織往往並不清楚知識創新的關鍵影響因素為何,更不瞭解組織目前知識創新的程度,易言之,即缺乏一個具體衡量知識創新的量表。因此,知識創新的影響因素、知識創新的量表以及知識創新程度與影響因素之間的關係相當值得探究。因此,本研究將以成人教育機構及企業體的人力資源部門為研究主體,建構知識創新之發展階段模式,及建構知識創新量表,並利用所建構之量表探討影響知識創新的因素(個人與組織因素)與知識創新程度之間關係之實證研究。
研究過程中所使用的統計分析方法共計有敘述性統計、Pearson 積差相關分析、因素分析、單因子變異數分析、線性關連模式(LISREL)、Cronbach''s α係數及薛費法事後(Scheffe Method)多重比較等等。研究結果發現,知識創新的發展階段共可分為組織情境的建構、知識的產生、知識的應用及知識的傳播,而根據此歷程所設計的知識創新量表可分為四個構面:組織環境的影響、知識產生、知識應用以及知識傳播。而組織環境影響下可分為四個因素:創造性工作環境、獎勵制度、組織學習以及資源的使用;知識產生下有二個因素:知識創造以及知識獲取;知識應用下二個因素:知識移轉以及知識評估;知識傳播下亦可分為二個因素:知識擴散及知識分享。
另一方面,本研究在成人教育機構及企業體的人力資源部門的實證分析後發現,個人變項與組織變項對知識創新的程度皆具有解釋力,但其中以組織變項的影響較為顯著。再者,本研究進一步使用結構方程式的分析方法探究創造性人格特質、組織結構及領導風格分別對成人教育機構及人力資源部門的效果。研究發現,組織結構、領導風格對人力資源部門的知識創新模式具有直接效果;而成人教育機構僅有組織結構具有直接效果。而本研究亦根據此結果提出若干建議。綜而言之,本研究對於建構知識創新模式及創新理論的補充,均有其貢獻所在。在實務上,本研究關於組織知識創新模式之建構,有助於企業人力資源部門、成人教育機構對於本身知識創新之衡量,此外,也可做為組織改善知識創新能力的指導方針與依據。
Knowledge, as intellectual capital of organizations, is the most valuable resource at the age of New Economy. Managing knowledge, including knowledge collecting, knowledge sharing, knowledge application, knowledge transferring and knowledge innovation, has been recognized as a critical competitive asset of organizations. However, the value of knowledge innovation relates directly to the effectiveness with which the managed knowledge enables the members of organizations to deal with today’s situation and effectively envision and create their future. Without constant innovations, a company will get behind in this knowledge world. For this reason, an organization has to conduct its knowledge to share and put them into action in ways that will improve organizational performance. The study, used the organization of adult and continuing education and the department of human resource in an organization as an objective of the study, develops the process model and scale of knowledge innovation to understand what factors affect knowledge innovation and its relationship in practice.
In conducting this study, the researcher used the Pearson product analysis, factor analysis, anova, LISREL, Cronbach’s coefficient and Scheffe Method multiple comparison method as tools for the study.
The result shows that the dynamic process of knowledge innovation involves the structure of organizational situation, the production of knowledge, the application of knowledge and the dissemination of knowledge. The scale of knowledge innovation designed by that dynamic process has four modes: (1) organizational situation; (2) knowledge production; (3) knowledge application; and (4) knowledge dissemination. Moreover, the four factors of organizational situation are creating working place, rewarding system, organizational learning and the using of resource. Knowledge production includes knowledge initiation and knowledge obtainment; however, knowledge transferring and knowledge evaluation are involved by knowledge application. At the same time, knowledge dissemination has two factors; knowledge extension and knowledge sharing.
In addition, the results indicate that the organizational structure and leadership characteristics directly affect the department of human resource, but the organization of adult and continuing education only has the factor of organizational structure on the model of knowledge innovation. On the whole, the evaluating model of knowledge innovation constructed by this study can help the organization of adult and continuing education and the department of human resource in an organization to measure their innovating status as well as improve their ability of knowledge innovation.
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