本研究旨在調查大臺北及臺東地區國小高年級學童休閒參與情形，並分析不同出身背景、城鄉落差、家庭財務資本對學童的休閒參與有何影響。採用問卷調查法，以大臺北及臺東地區國小高年級學童為研究對象，採用分層比例隨機叢集抽樣，回收有效問卷共計624份。資料經描述性統計、雙變數關聯分析、多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，所得結論如下：一、男性學童在動態休閒參與情形優於女性學童，尤其是原住民族及家庭月收入越高者。二、臺東地區的學童不論在動態或靜態休閒參與情形皆高於大臺北地區，結果顯示城鄉落差對學童的休閒參與有影響。三、高家庭財務資本的學童在動態休閒參與的頻率較低，造成原因可能是參與過多的才藝班及補習班。

This study aimed to realize the current situation of leisure participation of fifth and sixth graders in elementary schools of Taipei metropolitan area and Taitung County, and explored whether the differences of elementary students' leisure participation existed in family background, urban-rural gap and family financial capital. The survey adopted questionnaires for fifth and sixth graders in elementary schools of Taipei metropolitan area and Taitung County. The method of proportional stratified random cluster sampling was used to collect 624 effective questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, analysis of association, and multiple regression analysis. The main findings were as follows: first, students of boy participated in dynamic leisure activities more than girls, especially those who were aboriginal students with higher socio-economic status. Second, students in Taitung County participated in dynamic and static leisure activities more than students of Taipei metropolitan area, which meant urban-rural gap had influence on students' leisure participation. Third, students who had higher family financial capital participated in dynamic leisure activities less, which may be caused by their excessive participation in after-school talented activities and cram schools.