過去國立大學校長的產生係屬官派校長制，由於對既有制度的反彈及政治與社會情勢的改變，再加上當時教授治校的理念受到各界廣大的迴響，校長遴選制呼聲不斷高漲。1993年底，大學法修正三讀通過，大學校長產生制度正式由官派轉變為遴選。 大學校長身為大學的領導人，對大學的經營效率負最主要的責任。官派校長為教育部所派任，權力來自於中央政府，易使其較注重與上級單位的關係，而忽略大學內部的經營；反之，遴選校長的權力是透過學校組織成員的認同而取得，會促使校長的經營重心較偏重於校內。因此，本文為產生方式不同，會的校長對大學經營重心不同，進而對大學經營效率造成不同的影響。本研究的主要目的，即在探討國立大學校長的產生方式由官派制改變為遴選制，對國立大學經營效率的影響。 由於大學校長產生方式從官派到遴選，過討論的焦點著重在學術獨立與大學自治的實現。本文是首篇從經營效率的觀點，以大學實際經營資料探討國立大學校長由官派制改為遴選制，對大學經營效率的影響。

　　　　　In the past, the president of a national university in Taiwan is designated by the central government; however, the call for the university president electing system is surging higher and higher due to the heavy backlash to the existing designation system, the change of the political and social atmosphere and the well-discussed and resounding concept that university should be dominate by the faculty. At the end of 1993, the University Law is validated, and the president creating system is therefore changed form the designated to the elected system. As a leader of a university, a president is responsible for most of the operating efficiency of the university. The president who is designated by the Ministry of Education acquires his power from the central government and therefore tends to put more stress on his relationship with the authorities instead of the management of the university; on the contrary, the elected president will tend to pay more attention to the internal affairs of the university, for his power comes from the recognition of each members in the university. Hence, in this paper we suggest that the difference between the two president creation systems will significantly affect the president’s priority on which field to put more emphasis, and furthermore cause different effects on the operating efficiency of a university. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the influence over the operating efficiency of a university form the president designating system to the president electing system. Because a university has the properties of multiple inputs and outputs and is a not-for-profit institution, in this paper we use the Data Envelopment Analysis and the Regression Analysis to verify the above empirical hypothesis. This paper is the first one to use actual operating data to test the above empirical hypothesis. The empirical results reveals that, after the change of president creating system for the designated to the elected, the operation efficiencies of the national universities are significantly increased. That is, the president electing system has a significant and positive effect on the operating efficiencies of the national universities in Taiwan.