The purpose of this study was to explore the current situation of elementary school principals’ transformational leadership and physical education teachers’ job stress, and analyze the relationship among them. Them instruments were “the questionnaire of the principals’ transformational leadership and physical education teachers’ job stress in Hsinchu city”. Which sample were 390 physical education teachers from Hsinchu city. The response rate was 76.41%. The data were analyzed via SPSS 8.0 of software with Chinese edition and presented as t-test, one-way ANOVA, Person’s product-moment correlation. The findings from the analysis were summarized as follows: 1. The level of physical education teachers’ perception of principals’ transformational leadership was above average in Hsinchu city. 2. The level of physical education teachers’ job stress was characterized as lower than medium in Hsinchu city. 3. The conception of transformational leadership of principals was affected by the years of the teaching of the physical education teachers, as well as physical education teachers’ duty. 4. The job stress of the physical education teachers was affected by the years of the teaching of the physical education teachers, as well as physical education teachers’ duty. 5. There was a significant negative relationship between principals’ transformational leadership and physical education teachers’ stress.